scholarly journals P0160HOW TO MANAGE INTRADIALYTIC HYPERTENSION?

2020 ◽  
Vol 35 (Supplement_3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ramia BENHAMOU ◽  
Hajar ELASSAS ◽  
Meriem Chettati ◽  
Wafaa Fadili ◽  
Inass Laouad
Keyword(s):  
Dry Weight ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Antihypertensive Medications ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Female Predominance ◽  
High Calcium ◽  
Great Solution ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Group 1

Abstract Background and Aims Hypertension in subjects on long term dialysis is frequent. Intradialytic hypertension affects up to 20% of hemodialysis patients and occurs more frequently in patients who are older, have lower dry weights, are prescribed more antihypertensive medications. Elevated BP detected by home or ambulatory BP monitoring is clearly associated with shorter survival. Method We realized a cross sectional study in two hemodialysis center patients during october 2019. We compared two groups of patients: group 1 with HTA (HTA+) and the second without (HTA-). Prevalence of hypertension intra dialysis (increase in systolic BP > 15mmHg during dialysis) was determined by blood pressure recordings every thirty minutes during hemodialysis. We collect information about prescription patients (bolus dose of IV nicardipine or administration of captopril orally) after HTA inicident. We collected and analyzed datas of 1476 hemodialysis sessions for 123 patients. Results The mean age of your patients was 46 ± 26,3 years with a female predominance. The mean duration of hemodialysis was 9,8 years. The initial nephropathy was hypertensive in 14,6%. 44,7% (n=55) patients used at least one antihypertensive treatment (HTA+ group), in 72,7% calcic inhibitor. Hypertension crisis in HTA+ group was higher than HTA- group, respectively 37,9% and 4,7% (p=0,0002). Concerning HTA+ group, in 9,35% of cases patients receveid IV bolus of nicardipine, 7,9% captopril and 17,9% of cases have not receveid any antihypertensive medication. In HTA- group they receveid IV nicardipine on only 2,5% cases and no drugs in half of all cases. Patients who were older and receive erythropoietin-stimulating agents were more likely to exhibit an increase in SPB despite similar amounts of ultrafiltration in each groups. It appears HTA- group had better control of hypertension crisis in 77,5% versus 65,5% in HTA+ group, at 20minutes of crisis (p= 0,004). Administration of captopril in the both group allowed better control of hypertension 90% (HTA+ group) and 84,2%(HTA- group). Hypertension crisis was more controlled in group with high ultrafiltration rate with administration of captopril . Conclusion Use of ACE inhibitors during dialysis to manage hypertension crisis appears a great solution and confirm hypothesis of activation of the renin–angiotensin–aldosterone system. Treatment of intradialytic hypertension may include careful attention to dry weight, avoidance of dialyzable antihypertensive medications, limiting the use of high calcium dialysate, achieving adequate sodium solute removal during hemodialysis, and using medications which inhibit the rennin-angiotensin-aldosterone system or which lower endothelin 1.

scholarly journals Sense of coherence and its associations with psychosocial health: results of survey of the unemployed in Kaunas

Medicina ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 45 (10) ◽  
pp. 807 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mindaugas Stankūnas ◽  
Ramunė Kalėdienė ◽  
Skirmantė Starkuvienė
Keyword(s):  
Sense Of Coherence ◽  
Adult Population ◽  
Psychosocial Health ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Life Questionnaire ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Reported Health ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Unemployed

Objective. To evaluate the associations between sense of coherence and psychosocial health among unemployed adult population. Material and methods. The data were collected during a cross-sectional study in 2005. There were 429 filled-in questionnaires received (response rate, 53.6%) from unemployed persons registered at the Kaunas Labor Market Office (Lithuania). For the assessment of the sense of coherence, a short 13-item version of the Orientation to Life Questionnaire was used. Long-term unemployment was defined as lasting 12 months or longer. Logistic regression was used to estimate the risk factors having influence on sense of coherence. The risk was evaluated using odds ratio (OR). Results. The mean score for sense of coherence was 56.6±11.2 (min, 13; max, 91). Significantly higher sense of coherence was found among the short-term unemployed as compare to the long-term ones. Analysis showed that sense of coherence was significantly higher in males, more educated and less materially deprived groups. The findings indicated that persons with depression, suicide intentions, more intensive alcohol consumption (after the job loss), poor self-reported health, feelings of loneliness and shame, and poor relations with family reported lower sense of coherence. The risk of low sense of coherence was significantly higher for females (OR=2.97) and the long-term unemployed (OR=1.81). Nevertheless, higher education (OR=0.73) and income (OR=0.83) were the factors that significantly improved sense of coherence. Conclusions. Sense of coherence was low among the unemployed in Kaunas. Sense of coherence was lower among the unemployed with negative psychosocial health characteristics in comparison to the unemployed with positive characteristics.

scholarly journals Frequency of osteoporosis in patients with peptic ulcer disease

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Amber Amin ◽  
Qaisar Farooq ◽  
Rizwan Jameel
Keyword(s):  
Peptic Ulcer ◽  
Peptic Ulcer Disease ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Ulcer Disease ◽  
Short And Long Term ◽  
The Common ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Age Range

BACKGROUND & OBJECTIVE: Peptic ulcer disease (PUD) is one of the common presentations in the medical as well as Gastroenterology clinics and it can end up in various short- and long-term complications among which osteoporosis is highly under rated. Therefore, the present study was designed to determine the frequency of osteoporosis in cases having PUD. METHODOLOGY: A cross-sectional study was conducted at the Department of Medicine during 1st January 2020 to 30th June 2020 in Sheikh Zayed Hospital, Lahore. The diagnosed cases of PUD on the basis of history and endoscopic findings with the age range of 20 to 60 years were included. Osteoporosis was labelled as yes, where a T-score of ≤ -2.5 on DEXA scan was noted. RESULTS: In this study, there were a total of 139 cases, out of which 75 (53.95%) were males and 64 (46.05%) females. The mean age of the participants was 48.11±9.43 years. Osteoporosis was observed in 14 (10.07%) out of 139 cases. Osteoporosis was seen in 05 (6.67%) males vs 09 (14.06%) females in their respective groups with p= 0.148. Osteoporosis was observed in 4 (5.80%) cases with a duration of PUD up to 2 years and 10 (14.28%) cases with duration more than this with p= 0.096 CONCLUSION: Osteoporosis is not uncommon in cases with Peptic ulcer disease, and there is no significant association with any of the confounders of this study.

scholarly journals GALL STONES;

2018 ◽  
Vol 21 (02) ◽  
pp. 386-390
Author(s):  
Alina Saqib ◽  
Saeed Sattar Shaikh ◽  
Jawad Mumtaz Sodhar
Keyword(s):  
Biochemical Analysis ◽  
Gall Stone ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Gall Stones ◽  
Female Predominance ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Different Types ◽  
The Mean

Objectives: Recognition of various gall stones in the patients attending surgicalOPD by biochemical analysis of gall stones. Study design: Cross sectional study. Place &duration of study: ISRA Hospital, Hyderabad and Institute of Biochemistry Sindh UniversityJamshoro. Duration of study was 18 months. Methods: Cases were patients with gall stones whowere diagnosed on ultrasonography. Gall stone analysis was done from Institute of BiochemistrySindh University Jamshoro. A total of sixty nine subjects were included in the study. Results: Inthe present study the mean Age was 35.81+ 8.12 years. Frequencies in different age groups are15-24 (11.60%), 25-34 (24.64%), 35-44 (53.63%), 45-54 (8.69%), 55-64 (01.45%). Age distributionis shown in Graph III-1. In the present study 49(71.0%) were females and 20(29%) were maleswith the female to male ration of 2.45:1. gender distribution is shown in Graph III-2. In the presentfrequencies of different types of gall stones was, cholesterol stones 38(55.07%), pigmentedstones 20(28.99%) and mixed type of stones 11(15.94%). Frequencies of different types of gallstones is shown in Graph III-3. Conclusions: In our study the frequency of cholesterol gall stoneis more as compared to pigmented and mixed gall stones. A total of 55.07% of cholesterolgallstones were found in our study with the female predominance.

scholarly journals A New Predictive Equation for Estimating Body Weight in Cirrhotic Patients With Refractory Ascites

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (Supplement_2) ◽  
pp. 868-868
Author(s):  
Bruna Alves ◽  
Moiséli da Cruz ◽  
Antonio Lopes ◽  
Camila Saueressig ◽  
Valesca Dall'Alba
Keyword(s):  
High Reliability ◽  
Intraclass Correlation ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Joint Effect ◽  
Prediction Equation ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Refractory Ascites ◽  
Decompensated Cirrhosis ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The Mean

Abstract Objectives This study aims to develop a new prediction equation to estimate the dry weight (DW) of patients with refractory cirrhotic ascites since there is a lack of evidence to substantiate the current values used to adjust the wet weight in these patients. Methods Cross-sectional study, that included patients with decompensated cirrhosis undergoing large-volume paracentesis. Height (H) was measured and weight, immediately before and after paracentesis. For the prediction of DW, a linear regression model was performed using as predictor variables: gender, H, and pre-paracentesis weight (preW), as response variable: post-paracentesis weight (postW). Three-way interaction was used to test the joint effect of these predictors. The capacity of this model to predict the postW was evaluated by comparing it with the currently used predictions through the intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) and the mean square error (MSE). Results Twenty patients were included, 16 were male. Moderate ascites was the most prevalent grade (n = 18). The mean (range) of ascitic fluid drained was 6.6 (0.45 – 16.0) L, and the difference of Wpre and Wpost was −6.8 (−0.7 – −15.7) kg. The prediction equation developed for estimating DW in male is: DW = −11.4 + 1.2 * Wpre + 0.125 * H −0.002 * Wpre * H, and in female: DW = −40.6 + 1.2 * Wpre + 0.331 * H −0.030 * Wpre * H. ICC values showed that all predictions measures were strongly correlated (r > 0.95). In comparison with current predictions, our model showed the highest ICC (r = 0.97) and the lowest MSE ( = 7.70), comparing with the current predictions (MSE = 18.63, when the preW is adjusted from absolute values and MSE = 12.75 when adjusted from percentage values), indicating more accurate prediction. Conclusions This new prediction equation showed high reliability as a weight adjustment tool for patients with refractory cirrhotic ascites. Further research is required to validate this prediction equation. Funding Sources Fundo de Incentivo à Pesquisa e Eventos (FIPE) from Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre and Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES) from Ministry of Education of Brazil.

scholarly journals Lower Glutathione Peroxidase Serum Level Compared to Normal Pregnancy

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kadek Pramarta
Keyword(s):  
Glutathione Peroxidase ◽  
Gestational Age ◽  
Normal Pregnancy ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Hospital Data ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Group 1

Objective: To determine the difference of glutathione peroxidase (GPx) in threatened miscarriages and normal pregnancy. Method: This is an analytic cross sectional study with 42 samples divided into two groups. Group 1 consists of 21 cases of threatened miscarriages with < 20 gestational age and group 2 is divided into 21 normal pregnancies of < 20 weeks gestational age. We took 3 cc of blood samples from the cubiti veins and mixed it with EDTA. Its GPx quantities were than examined at the Pathology Lab at Sanglah General Hospital. Data was then analyzed using the Shapiro Wilk Test and the independent t-test with p < 0.05. Result: From this research, we obtained the mean GPx levels on the threatened miscarriages was 49.92 ± 14.17 U/g Hb lower than the mean of normal pregnancy levels, which was 88.94 ± 30.11 U/g Hb. Conclusion: The quantities of GPx between threatened miscarriages and normal pregnancies are statistically different, in which the quantity of GPx in threatened miscarriages is lower compared to normal pregnancy. [Indones J Obstet Gynecol 2012; 36-3: 112-5] Keywords: GPx, normal pregnancy, threatened miscarriages

scholarly journals AVALIAÇÃO DA FUNÇÃO COGNITIVA EM IDOSOS QUE VIVEM EM INSTITUIÇÃO DE LONGA PERMANÊNCIA

2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 30
Author(s):  
Thairo Fellipe Freitas Oliveira ◽  
Thanieri dos Santos Nascimento ◽  
Samia Jardelle Costa de Freitas Maniva
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Function ◽  
Population Aging ◽  
Evaluation Criteria ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Elderly Persons ◽  
Research Committee ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The Mean

O envelhecimento populacional ocorre de forma acelerada nos dias atuais. Entre os idosos que vivenciam a perda da funcionalidade destacam-se aqueles que residem em instituição de longa permanência (ILP). O estudo objetiva conhecer a função cognitiva de idosos que vivem em instituição de longa permanência no Sertão Central. Trata-se de um estudo transversal, com abordagem quantitativa. Os dados foram coletados em uma instituição de longa permanência, localizada na zona urbana de Quixeramobim - CE. Participaram do estudo 35 idosos. Para a coleta de dados utilizou-se um instrumento para levantamento de dados sociodemográfico. Além desse instrumento, foi aplicado o Mini-Exame do Estado Mental (MEEM) para avaliação cognitiva. Todos os aspectos éticos foram respeitados, a pesquisa foi aprovada pelo Comitê de Ética e Pesquisa da Unicatólica sob o nº 2.505.547. Entre os participantes, 65,7% são do sexo feminino. A idade média foi de 73 anos (± 7,5 anos), variando de 60 a 92 anos. O score médio total do MEEM foi de 17,3 pontos entre os idosos, referente aos critérios de avaliação o que obteve menor pontuação foi o item de cálculo e atenção, com relação de acerto de 0,68 pontos do total de 5 pontos, o item linguagem de reconhecimento obteve melhor média com 1,9 pontos do total de 2. Os idosos obtiveram 17,3 pontos (escore total médio) no MEEM, abaixo dos 20 pontos proposto pela Sociedade Brasileira de Neurologia (SBN) para analfabetos, visto que este nível de instrução correspondia a 91,4% da amostra, o que nos indica um déficit cognitivo. EVALUATION OF THE COGNITIVE FUNCTION IN ELDERLY PERSONS LIVING IN A LONG-STAY INSTITUTION ABSTRACT Population aging occurs rapidly today. Among the elderly who experience loss of functionality, those who live in a long-term institution (LTI) stand out. This study aims to know the cognitive function of elderly people living in a long-term institution in the Central Hinterland. This is a cross-sectional study with a quantitative approach. Data were collected at a long - term institution, located in the urban area of Quixeramobim - CE. 35 subjects participated in the study. A sociodemographic data collection instrument was used to collect data. In addition to this instrument, the Mini-Exam of the Mental State (MEMS) was applied for cognitive evaluation. All the ethical aspects were respected, the research was approved by the Ethics and Research Committee of the Unicatólica under nº 2,505,547. Among the participants, 65.7% were female. The mean age was 73 years (± 7.5 years), ranging from 60 to 92 years. The mean total score of the MEMS was 17.3 points among the elderly, referring to the evaluation criteria. The lowest score was the item of calculation and attention, with a score of 0.68 points out of the total of 5 points. item recognition language got better average with 1.9 points out of the total of 2. The elderly had 17.3 points (average total score) in the MEMS, below the 20 points proposed by the Brazilian Neurology Society (BNS) for illiterates, since this level of education corresponded to 91.4% of the sample, which indicates cognitive deficit.

scholarly journals A hospital based study: is the prescription of Benzodiazepine consistent with the guidelines?

2014 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 30-34
Author(s):  
DK Thapa ◽  
N Lammichhane ◽  
S Subedi
Keyword(s):  
Past History ◽  
Psychiatric Patients ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Benzodiazepine Use ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Mean

OBJECTIVE: Benzodiazepines are one of the most frequently prescribed psychotropic drugs. They confer a therapeutic value in a wide range of conditions. They exert sedative/ hypnotic, anxiolytic, anticonvulsant, muscle relaxant and amnesic action. Nearly all of the disadvantages of benzodiazepines result from long term use leading to development of tolerance, dependence and withdrawal. This study was done to determine if the pattern of benzodiazepines prescription among the psychiatric patients is consistent with the guideline. METHODS: This was a descriptive, hospital based cross- sectional study done in the psychiatry department at Gandaki Medical College. The consecutive 50 patients who either had a past history of treatment with or were still regularly on prescription for any of the following medication; alprazolam, chlordiazepoxide, clonazepam,diazepam, and lorazepam were included in the study. The psychiatric diagnosis of the patients, duration and types of benzodiazepines dispensed to patients were worked up. The duration of study was 6 months (Jan- June 2013). RESULTS: The total numbers of subjects enrolled in the study was 50. Female constituted 28 (56%), majority were married 45 (90%) and most of the subjects 31 (62%), were from the local district of Kaski. The mean age of the subjects was 41.1 ± 15 .3 years. Among the types of benzodiazepines prescribed, clonazepam was the most frequently prescribed benzodiazepine. Dispensing of less than 30-days or 1 month supply of benzodiazepines, a practice typically recommended by practice guidelines, occurred in only 5 ( 10%) of the users. The study showed that there was a huge variation regarding the duration of benzodiazepines use, ranging from the period of less than of 1 month to the maximum duration of 192 months or 16 years. The mean duration of the benzodiazepine use was 34.8 ± 50 months i.e. near about 3 years. CONCLUSIONS: Despite guideline cautions, long-term benzodiazepines use remains a common treatment pattern. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/jucms.v2i1.10489   Journal of Universal College of Medical Sciences (2014) Vol.2(1): 30-34

scholarly journals SIGNIFICANCE OF WHO MODIFIED PARTOGRAPH IN MANAGEMENT OF SPONTANEOUS LABOUR IN PRIMIGRAVIDAS

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Dr. Manisha Singhal ◽  
Dr. Radheshyam ◽  
Dr. Savitri Sharma
Keyword(s):  
Active Phase ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cervical Dilatation ◽  
Perinatal Complications ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Normal Delivery ◽  
Spontaneous Labour ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Group 1

Introduction: The importance of partogram is to prevent the maternal and perinatal complications. The WHO has simplified the partogram for its use by skilled birth attendants. Aims and Objectives: To study the progress and outcome of labour using modified WHO partogram in spontaneous labour in primigravidas. Materials and Methods: A cross sectional study of 100 women primigravidas admitted to Jhalawar Medical College from November 2017 to October 2018 with spontaneous onset of labour at term with no high risk factors were recruited for the study using modified WHO Partogram. Patients were divided into 3 groups –. Group 1- cervical dilatation and descent curve falling to the left of the alert line. Group 2- cervical dilatation and descent curve falling to the right of the alert line. Group 3 with women to right of action line was planned. Results: Most women belonged to age group of 21-25 years. The mean gestational age was 38.2 weeks. In Group 1, the mean duration of active phase of first stage of labour was 4.52±0.10 hours, where as it was 5.94±1.46 hours in Group 2. In Group 2, the mean duration of second stage of labour was 45.44±1.94 mins but it was 34.42±16.41mins in Group 1study subjects. Mean rate of cervical dilatation is 1.2 cm/hr. Seventy seven percent had normal delivery, 11% had caesarean delivery and 12% had instrumental delivery. Augmentation was significantly higher in Group 2 (92.3%) than in Group 1 (67.8%). In the study group, there were no maternal and perinatal deaths. Conclusion: The partograph is an inexpensive and easily accessible tool that can effectively monitor the progress of labour. The WHO simplified partograph is highly useful in identifying when to intervene and also reduces perinatal and maternal mishaps. Keywords: WHO partogram, Alert line, Maternal outcome, Perinatal outcome

A Cross-Sectional Study of Microcirculatory Transit Time as a Risk Stratification Method in Cardiac Syndrome X Conducted in a Tertiary Hospital at Hyderabad, Telangana

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (28) ◽  
pp. 2509-2513
Author(s):  
Krishna Malakondareddy Parvathareddy ◽  
Jagadeesh Reddy Kolli ◽  
Srinivas Ravi ◽  
Praveen Nagula ◽  
Syed Imamuddin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Transit Time ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Syndrome X ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Cardiac Syndrome X ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Cardiac Syndrome ◽  
Stratification Method ◽  
The Mean

BACKGROUND Cardiac syndrome X (CSX) is not benign, and it needs long-term follow up and risk factor modification. In this study, we wanted to calculate microcirculatory transit time on coronary angiography in patients with cardiac syndrome X (CSX), compare microcirculatory transit time in patients with and without CSX and to see whether microcirculatory transit time can be proposed as a risk stratification method in CSX. METHODS Cross sectional study of 52 patients. The angiogram was taken at 15 frames per second. The left coronary artery was injected with 7 ml of contrast approximately. Microcirculatory transit time (MCTT) was obtained offline. The microcirculatory transit time in seconds is calculated as last frame count minus first frame count/15. Microcirculatory transit time was compared and analysed in both groups. RESULTS A total of 52 subjects were analysed. There were 26 cases in the angina group with a mean age of 49.96 years and 26 cases in the control group with a mean age of 50.32 years. Dyslipidemia, smoking and statin use were more common in the angina group, which was statistically significant (P < 0.05). The mean MCTT of the group with angina and positive treadmill test (TMT) was 6.76 seconds, whereas the negative TMT group was 6.39 seconds. The mean frame count was 58.1, and the mean MCTT was 3.8 seconds in the control group, whereas the mean frame count and mean MCTT were 98.1 and 6.5 seconds in the angina group, which was statistically significant (P < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS CSX patients had longer MCTT than patients without chest pain and normal coronary arteries. MCTT can be used to assess the risks of CSX. Long-term followup studies with a large sample size should be conducted. KEYWORDS Cardiac Syndrome X, Angina, Coronary Artery Disease, Microcirculation

scholarly journals Long-term impact of undergraduate community-based clinical training on community healthcare practice in Japan: a cross-sectional study

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Shinsuke Yahata ◽  
Taro Takeshima ◽  
Tsuneaki Kenzaka ◽  
Masanobu Okayama
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Training ◽  
Primary Outcome ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Community Healthcare ◽  
Rural Retention ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Long Term Impact

Abstract Background Community-based medical education (CBME) has been evolving globally. However, the long-term impacts of CBME programs on career intention are ambiguous. Therefore, this study aimed to reveal the long-term impact of community-based clinical training (CBCT) such as CBME programs in Japan on current community healthcare (CH) practice. Methods This cross-sectional study targeted physicians who had graduated from Kobe University School of Medicine between 1998 and 2004 and had over 15 years’ experience after graduation. Self-administered questionnaires were mailed to participants between September and November 2019. Of the 793 potential subjects, 325 questionnaires were undeliverable. A total of 468 questionnaires substantially sent to the subjects. The exposure was the undergraduate CBCT defined as clinical training about CH in a community. The primary outcome was the provision of current CH practice. The secondary outcome was rural retention. The odds ratios (ORs) and confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated, and the confounders (age, gender, and attitude toward CH at admission; primary outcome, and age, gender, attitude toward rural healthcare at admission, own and spouse’s hometown, and emphasis on child education; secondary outcomes) were adjusted using multivariate logistic regression analysis. Results A total of 195 (41.7%) questionnaires were analyzed. The mean (standard deviation [SD]) age of study participants was 43.8 (3.5) years and 76.4% were men. A total of 48 physicians (24.6%) experienced CBCT, of which the mean (SD) training period was 26.3 (27.3) days. As many as 148 (76.3%) physicians provided CH at the time of the study, and 12 (6.5%) worked in rural areas. There was no notable impact of undergraduate CBCT on current CH practice (OR, 1.24; 95% CI, 0.53–3.08; adjusted OR [aOR], 1.00; 95% CI, 0.43–2.30) and rural retention (OR, 0.59; 95% CI, 0.06–2.94; aOR, 0.59; 95% CI, 0.11–3.04). Conclusions It may be insufficient to use conventional CBCT in Japan to develop CH professionals effectively. Japanese CBME programs should be standardized through a review of their content and quality. They should continue to be evaluated for their medium- to long-term effects.

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