scholarly journals Lower Glutathione Peroxidase Serum Level Compared to Normal Pregnancy

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kadek Pramarta
Keyword(s):  
Glutathione Peroxidase ◽  
Gestational Age ◽  
Normal Pregnancy ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Hospital Data ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Group 1

Objective: To determine the difference of glutathione peroxidase (GPx) in threatened miscarriages and normal pregnancy. Method: This is an analytic cross sectional study with 42 samples divided into two groups. Group 1 consists of 21 cases of threatened miscarriages with < 20 gestational age and group 2 is divided into 21 normal pregnancies of < 20 weeks gestational age. We took 3 cc of blood samples from the cubiti veins and mixed it with EDTA. Its GPx quantities were than examined at the Pathology Lab at Sanglah General Hospital. Data was then analyzed using the Shapiro Wilk Test and the independent t-test with p < 0.05. Result: From this research, we obtained the mean GPx levels on the threatened miscarriages was 49.92 ± 14.17 U/g Hb lower than the mean of normal pregnancy levels, which was 88.94 ± 30.11 U/g Hb. Conclusion: The quantities of GPx between threatened miscarriages and normal pregnancies are statistically different, in which the quantity of GPx in threatened miscarriages is lower compared to normal pregnancy. [Indones J Obstet Gynecol 2012; 36-3: 112-5] Keywords: GPx, normal pregnancy, threatened miscarriages

scholarly journals The Level of 8-OHdG Serum was Higher in Women with Blighted Ovum

2014 ◽  
pp. 18-21
Author(s):  
I Made Mahadinata Putra ◽  
I Gede P Surya
Keyword(s):  
Serum Level ◽  
Venous Blood ◽  
Normal Pregnancy ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Hospital Data ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Independent Test ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Blighted Ovum

Objective: To determine the difference of 8-hydroxy-2-deoxyguanocyne (8-OHdG) serum level in women experiencing blighted ovum and women with normal pregnancy. Method: This was a cross sectional study with 82 samples, divided into two groups. Thirty two cases of blighted ovum and 51 cases of normal pregnancies, with 7-12 weeks gestational age. The examination of 8-OHdG serum level, was performed with the venous blood taken from the cubiti veins, and its 8-OHdG serum quantities were than examined at the Pathology Lab. at Sanglah General Hospital. Data was analyzed with the Shapiro Wilk Test and the t independent test with alpha 0.05. Result: The average 8-OHdG serum level in women with blighted ovum and normal pregnancies were 0.177 (SD 0.06) ng/ml and 0.111 (SD 0.01)ng/ml, and significantly different (p<0.05). The cut off value of 8-OHdG serum level was 0.138 ng/ml with sensitivity of 96.1% and specificity of 80.6%. Conclusion: The level of 8-OHdG serum was higher in women with blighted ovum than in women with normal pregnancies.  Keywords: 8-OHdG serum level, blighted ovum, and normal pregnancy.

scholarly journals SIGNIFICANCE OF WHO MODIFIED PARTOGRAPH IN MANAGEMENT OF SPONTANEOUS LABOUR IN PRIMIGRAVIDAS

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Dr. Manisha Singhal ◽  
Dr. Radheshyam ◽  
Dr. Savitri Sharma
Keyword(s):  
Active Phase ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cervical Dilatation ◽  
Perinatal Complications ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Normal Delivery ◽  
Spontaneous Labour ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Group 1

Introduction: The importance of partogram is to prevent the maternal and perinatal complications. The WHO has simplified the partogram for its use by skilled birth attendants. Aims and Objectives: To study the progress and outcome of labour using modified WHO partogram in spontaneous labour in primigravidas. Materials and Methods: A cross sectional study of 100 women primigravidas admitted to Jhalawar Medical College from November 2017 to October 2018 with spontaneous onset of labour at term with no high risk factors were recruited for the study using modified WHO Partogram. Patients were divided into 3 groups –. Group 1- cervical dilatation and descent curve falling to the left of the alert line. Group 2- cervical dilatation and descent curve falling to the right of the alert line. Group 3 with women to right of action line was planned. Results: Most women belonged to age group of 21-25 years. The mean gestational age was 38.2 weeks. In Group 1, the mean duration of active phase of first stage of labour was 4.52±0.10 hours, where as it was 5.94±1.46 hours in Group 2. In Group 2, the mean duration of second stage of labour was 45.44±1.94 mins but it was 34.42±16.41mins in Group 1study subjects. Mean rate of cervical dilatation is 1.2 cm/hr. Seventy seven percent had normal delivery, 11% had caesarean delivery and 12% had instrumental delivery. Augmentation was significantly higher in Group 2 (92.3%) than in Group 1 (67.8%). In the study group, there were no maternal and perinatal deaths. Conclusion: The partograph is an inexpensive and easily accessible tool that can effectively monitor the progress of labour. The WHO simplified partograph is highly useful in identifying when to intervene and also reduces perinatal and maternal mishaps. Keywords: WHO partogram, Alert line, Maternal outcome, Perinatal outcome

scholarly journals Duration of Meconium Passage in Term and Preterm Infants

2013 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 6-9
Author(s):  
Mumtahina Setu ◽  
Md Abid Hossain Mollah ◽  
Syed Khairul Amin ◽  
S M Nahid Morshed ◽  
Mehdi Pervez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Preterm Infants ◽  
Gestational Age ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
First Passage ◽  
College Hospital ◽  
Term Infants ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Group I ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Difference

Delayed first passage of meconium and also prolongation of meconium passage creates great anxiety among parents. Some study showed that that first passage of meconium is delayed in preterm infants compared to term infants. The difference in duration of meconium passage in term and preterm infant has however never been assessed before. This cross sectional study was carried between July 2010 to December 2010 among 100 Newborn babies ranging from 28 to 42 weeks of gestation who were delivered in the Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology or admitted in the Department of Neonatology of Dhaka Medical college Hospital were included in the study. Gestational age was determined from first day of last menstruation (when available) and also by using Expanded Ballard Scoring System. In case of any discrepancy of more than 2 weeks, the later was accepted. This study was carrying out to determine the time of first passage of meconium and duration of passage of meconium in term and preterm infants. Out of total 100 infants, 58 were male and 42 were female. The numbers of babies were 21, 28, 25 and 26 in group I, II, III and IV respectively. The mean age at which the babies passed first meconium were 23.5±3.5, 33.0±3.8, 25.7±4.2 and 17.3±4.6 hours in group I, II, III and IV respectively, which was<48 hours irrespective of gestational age. The mean gestational age of the babies who passed meconium for <4 days was 37.1±2.2 weeks. On the contrary, mean gestational age of the babies who passed meconium for>4 days was 32.6±4.3 weeks and this observation was statistically significant (p<0.001). First passage of meconium in all newborn was within 48 hours irrespective of gestational age. Duration of passage of meconium was significantly prolonged among babies with lower gestational age. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/akmmcj.v4i1.13677 AKMMC J 2013; 4(1): 6-9

scholarly journals Association between anxiety and depression with chronic periodontitis

2017 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 268-274
Author(s):  
Sajeev Shrestha ◽  
Shivalal Sharma ◽  
Nidesh Sapkota ◽  
Dhirendra K Giri ◽  
Dharanidhar Baral
Keyword(s):  
Depression Scale ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Anxiety And Depression ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Clinical Attachment Loss ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Study Population ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Group 1

Background & Objectives: It is thought that chronic stress negatively affects immune response efficacy which in turn cause an imbalance between host and parasite leading to periodontal breakdown. The study aims to investigate the association between anxiety and depression with chronic periodontitis.Materials & Methods: This was a cross sectional study comprising of 350 individuals of both sexes, above 25 years of age. The study population was divided into two groups. Group 2 consisted of those subjects with clinical attachment loss of ≥ 3 mm in at least 30% of site examined, and the samples that did not satisfy the above criteria were categorized into Group 1. Group 1 included 184 individuals while group 2 had 166 subjects. Clinical examinations were performed by a single examiner. Psychological instrument used was Hospital anxiety and depression scale (HADS). Chi square and student t test were performed to compare between the two groups.Results: The mean depression scores in Group 1 and Group 2 were 6.64 ± 2.58 and 7.90 ± 2.86, respectively while the mean anxiety scores of Group 1 and Group 2 were 7.76 ± 3.12 and 9.07 ± 3.08, respectively (p<001).Conclusion: Within the limits of this study it is possible to conclude that there was significant association between periodontitis and anxiety, and depression 

scholarly journals Clinical Manifestations of Overactive Bladder With Migraine as a Comorbidity: A Prospective Cross-Sectional Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 24 (4) ◽  
pp. 375-381
Author(s):  
Aykut Baser ◽  
Sinan Eliaçık ◽  
Mehmet Murat Baykam ◽  
Funda Uysal Tan
Keyword(s):  
Overactive Bladder ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Migraine Group ◽  
Group 3 ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
New Treatment ◽  
Group 1

Purpose: The aim of this study was to investigate the clinical manifestations of overactive bladder (OAB) with migraine as a comorbidity and to shed light on possible new treatment strategies.Methods: This study included patients aged 18 years and older who were admitted to urology and neurology outpatient clinics between March 1, 2019 and March 1, 2020 for OAB and migraine. The study questionnaire contained 3 sections: (1) questions on demographic characteristics, (2) a migraine ID test, and (3) the Overactive Bladder Inquiry Form - V8 (OAB-V8) form.Results: A total of 265 patients participated in the study. The average age of the participants was 39.75±11.93 years. The patients were divided into 3 groups according to the coexistence of OAB with migraine: group 1, OAB(+)/migraine(+); group 2, OAB(+)/migraine(-); and group 3, OAB(-)/migraine(+). The mean OAB-V8 score was 22.82 ±8.15 in group 1 and 25.64±7.49 in group 2. The mean OAB-V8 score of OAB patients with migraine as a comorbidity was statistically significantly lower than that of OAB patients without migraine (P=0.015). The median visual analogue scale (VAS) score was 7.11 (range, 2–10) in group 1 and 5.95 (range, 2–10) in group 3. This finding indicates that in patients with migraine, having OAB was associated with significantly higher VAS scores (P<0.001).Conclusions: OAB and migraine may be comorbid conditions coexisting in a single patient. This comorbidity may lead to a lower perception of OAB symptoms in OAB patients or, conversely, to a higher perception of migraine pain. Further studies are needed to elucidate how treatments for each of these diseases can affect the other disease.

Sonographic Assessment of Amniotic Fluid Volume using Single Deepest Pocket (SDP) among Igbo Women with Uncomplicated Singleton Pregnancies.

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-18
Author(s):  
Chijioke Okeudo ◽  
B.U. Ezem
Keyword(s):  
Amniotic Fluid ◽  
Gestational Age ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Fluid Volume ◽  
Singleton Pregnancy ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
South Eastern ◽  
Amniotic Fluid Volume ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Singleton Pregnancies

Background: The amniotic fluid is fundamental for proper fetal development and growth. Ultrasound visualization of the amniotic fluid permits both subjective and objective estimates of the amniotic fluid. Objective: The objective of this study was to determine the reference values of normal single deepest pocket (SDP) – upper and lower limits, mean SDP and variation of the SDP with gestational age among Igbo women of South-Eastern Nigeria extraction carrying uncomplicated singleton pregnancy. Methodology: This was a prospective cross sectional study involving 400 women carrying uncomplicated singleton pregnancies and who were sure of the date of the first day of their last menstrual period. The single deepest pocket / maximum vertical pool were determined once at presentation at the hospital.. The study was conducted from January 1st to December 31st 2015. The second author carried out all the scanning. The SDP was obtained. Results: The womens’ mean and median ages were the same at 28 years. The gestational age range of the pregnancies was 14-41 weeks. The mean SDP was 5.8cm, while the 5th and 95th percentiles were 3.3cm and 8.5cm respectively. There was no difference in the mean SDP in both term and preterm. There was irregular but continuous rise of mean SDP to a peak of 6.8cm at gestational age of 39 weeks. In conclusion, the participants had a mean SDP of 5.8cm. There was also a positive correlation between SDP and Gestational age. We therefore recommend a longitudinal study to assess perinatal outcome and abnormal amniotic fluid volume among Igbo women of South-Eastern Nigeria. Key words: Single Deepest Pocket, Uncomplicated Singleton Pregnancy, Igbo Women.

scholarly journals Effect of the Cut-Off Level for Thyroid-Stimulating Hormone on the Prevalence of Subclinical Hypothyroidism among Infertile Mexican Women

Diagnostics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 417
Author(s):  
Lidia Arce-Sánchez ◽  
Salvatore Giovanni Vitale ◽  
Claudia Montserrat Flores-Robles ◽  
Myrna Souraye Godines-Enriquez ◽  
Marco Noventa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Subclinical Hypothyroidism ◽  
Thyroid Autoimmunity ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Thyroid Stimulating Hormone ◽  
Mexican Women ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Group 3 ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Group 1

The primary aim of this study was to compare the prevalence of subclinical hypothyroidism (SCH) using two different cut-off levels for TSH values (≥2.5 mIU/L versus ≥4.1 mIU/L). The secondary objective was to analyze the clinical-biochemical characteristics in women with and without SCH. This was a retrospective cross-sectional study. In total, 1496 Mexican women with infertility were included: Group 1, women with TSH levels ranging between 0.3 and 2.49 mIU/L, n = 886; Group 2, women with TSH between 2.5 and 4.09 mIU/L, n = 390; and Group 3, women with TSH ≥4.1 mIU/L n = 220. SCH prevalence was 40.7% (CI 95%: 38.3–43.3%) with TSH cut-off ≥ 2.5 mIU/L, and 14.7% (CI 95%: 12.7–16.5%) with TSH cut-off ≥ 4.1 mIU/L, (p = 0.0001). The prevalence of overweight was higher in Group 2 than in Groups 1 and 3. Thyroid autoimmunity, obesity and insulin resistance were higher in Group 3 than in Group 1 (p < 0.05). No other differences were observed between groups. Conclusions: The prevalence of SCH in our selected patients increased almost three times using a TSH cut-off ≥ 2.5 mIU/L compared with a TSH cut-off ≥ 4.1 mIU/L. Women with TSH ≥4.1 mIU/L compared with TSH cut-off ≤ 2.5 mIU/L more often presented with obesity, thyroid autoimmunity and insulin resistance.

scholarly journals Role of feasibility and pilot studies in randomised controlled trials: a cross-sectional study

BMJ Open ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (9) ◽  
pp. e022233 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amanda Jane Blatch-Jones ◽  
Wei Pek ◽  
Emma Kirkpatrick ◽  
Martin Ashton-Key
Keyword(s):  
Feasibility Study ◽  
Randomised Controlled Trials ◽  
Feasibility Studies ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Randomised Controlled ◽  
Pilot Feasibility Study ◽  
Group 1

ObjectivesTo assess the value of pilot and feasibility studies to randomised controlled trials (RCTs) funded by the National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Health Technology Assessment (HTA) programme. To explore the methodological components of pilot/feasibility studies and how they inform full RCTs.Study designCross-sectional study.SettingBoth groups included NIHR HTA programme funded studies in the period 1 January 2010–31 December 2014 (decision date). Group 1: stand-alone pilot/feasibility studies published in the HTA Journal or accepted for publication. Group 2: all funded RCT applications funded by the HTA programme, including reference to an internal and/or external pilot/feasibility study. The methodological components were assessed using an adapted framework from a previous study.Main outcome measuresThe proportion of stand-alone pilot and feasibility studies which recommended proceeding to full trial and what study elements were assessed. The proportion of ‘HTA funded’ trials which used internal and external pilot and feasibility studies to inform the design of the trial.ResultsGroup 1 identified 15 stand-alone pilot/feasibility studies. Study elements most commonly assessed weretesting recruitment(100% in both groups),feasibility(83%, 100%) andsuggestions for further study/investigation(83%, 100%). Group 2 identified 161 ‘HTA funded’ applications: 59 cited an external pilot/feasibility study wheretesting recruitment(50%, 73%) andfeasibility(42%, 73%) were the most commonly reported study elements: 92 reported an internal pilot/feasibility study wheretesting recruitment(93%, 100%) andfeasibility(44%, 92%) were the most common study elements reported.Conclusions‘HTA funded’ research which includes pilot and feasibility studies assesses a variety of study elements. Pilot and feasibility studies serve an important role when determining the most appropriate trial design. However, how they are reported and in what context requires caution when interpreting the findings and delivering a definitive trial.

scholarly journals Accelerated versus conventional Ponseti protocol for the treatment of idiopathic talipes equinovarus deformity: A short term follow up in Iraq

2021 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
pp. 473-479
Author(s):  
Jagar Doski ◽  
Berivan Jamal
Keyword(s):  
Ponseti Method ◽  
Congenital Talipes Equinovarus ◽  
Talipes Equinovarus ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Congenital Talipes ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Accelerated Protocol ◽  
Group 1

Background and objective: The accelerated protocol of Ponseti method was suggested to shorten the period of treatment of the conventional one for the cases of talipes equinovarus deformity. This study aimed to compare the accelerated protocol of Ponseti method in the treatment of clubfoot deformity with the conventional one. Methods: A prospective comparative study was conducted for infants less than six months with congenital talipes equinovarus deformity. The patients were randomized to either Group 1 (casts changed every week, conventional protocol of Ponseti method) or Group 2 (twice weekly, accelerated one). Pirani score was used to assess the severity of the deformity at presentation, at time of last cast removal, and at the last follow up visit (6th months). Results: The patients included were 48 cases with 79 feet. Group 1 (39 clubfeet) had a mean Pirani score of 5.6 (± 1.15) at presentation, which dropped to 0.47 (± 0.41) when the last cast was removed. In Group 2 (40 clubfeet), it dropped from 5.57 (± 0.83) to 0.77 (± 0.01). The result of each treatment protocol was significant, but the difference between them was not significant. Five cases (three patients aged more than three months) of Group 2 needed eight casts to reach an acceptable position of correction. The difference between the mean number of casts applied in Group 1 (5.09) and Group 2 (5.82) was statistically not significant. However, the difference between the mean number of days spent in the cast was significant. The complications occurred in 12 out of 79 feet, with no statistically significant difference between both groups. Conclusion: The accelerated protocol of Ponseti method for treating clubfoot deformity is as effective and as safe as the conventional one. It shortens the time required to complete the treatment program. Those who present lately (beyond the age of three months) may require an additional number of casts. Keywords: Clubfoot; Congenital talipes equinovarus; Ponseti; Accelerated; Cast.

scholarly journals Cross-sectional study to compare the biochemical parameters in low normal versus high normal plasma glucose levels in euglycemic individuals

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (6) ◽  
pp. 997
Author(s):  
Dharmendra Jhavar ◽  
Neha Kirti ◽  
Sumit Kumar Vishwakarma ◽  
Umesh Kumar Chandra ◽  
Vinod Verma
Keyword(s):  
Uric Acid ◽  
Total Cholesterol ◽  
General Medicine ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Normal Group ◽  
P Value ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Difference

Background: Since a long time ago, the experts have realized that determination of cut-off point for diagnosing diabetes will be revised over time with the lower blood glucose level as the more sensitive diagnosis for detecting the occurring complication and biochemical changes.Methods: This cross sectional study was carried out in the department of medicine, M.G.M. Medical College and M.Y. Hospital Indore from July, 2016 to August, 2017 in 200 individuals and patients having euglycemic status attending General Medicine OPD.Results: In the low and high normal group 2 (2.0%) and 8 (8.0%) were having abnormal total cholesterol (TC) level respectively. The mean total cholesterol in the low normal group was 117.16±26.94mg/dl and it was 154.74±28.38mg/dl in the high normal group. The difference was found to be statistically significant (p value 0.000). In the low and high normal group, 4 (4.0%) and 17 (17.0%) were having abnormal triglyceride (TG) levels respectively. The mean TG levels in the low and high normal group were 96.93±22.64mg/dl and 110.55±32.37mg/dl respectively. The difference was found to be statistically significant (p value 0.001). In the low and high normal group, 6 (6.0%) and 14 (14.0%) patient was having abnormal uric acid levels respectively. The mean uric acid levels in the low and high normal group was 4.88±1.10mg/dl and 5.31±1.31mg/dl respectively. The difference was found to be statistically significant (p value 0.013).Conclusions: Higher levels of Cholesterol and Triglycerides were found more commonly in high normal euglycemic group compared to low normal euglycemic group. Mean cholesterol and mean triglyceride levels were higher in high normal euglycemic group.

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