P1034EVALUATION OF RISK FACTORS FOR DIABETIC NEPHROPATHY AMONG NEWLY DIAGNOSED TYPE 2 DIABETIC SUBJECTS

Abstract Background and Aims Diabetes mellitus (DM) is the leading cause of chronic kidney disease in developed as well as in developing countries, principally resulting from the increasing prevalence of type 2 DM (T2DM). Patients with T2DM pass through pre-diabetic stages and half of the T2DM patients remain undiagnosed. During diagnosis, one-third to half of the T2DM patients may have different macro- and micro-vascular complications including diabetic nephropathy. This study was designed to evaluate risk factors for diabetic nephropathy among newly detected T2DM subjects. Method A case-control study was done at out-patient department of a tertiary care hospital in Dhaka, Bangladesh from October 2016 to June 2017. Newly detected (<3 months) adult (≥18 years) T2DM patients of either sex, who underwent test for urine albumin-to-creatinine ratio (UACR) at least twice, at least 6 weeks apart, within a 6-month period, were included in this study. Patients with diagnosed kidney diseases, features of glomerulonephritis, systemic diseases like systemic lupus erythematosus and vasculitis, history of recent fever and exercise, urinary tract infection and pregnancy were excluded. Patients with UACR ≥30 mg/g in at least two (of three, if done) samples were cases and those with UACR <30 mg/g were controls. Results Total patients were 100, including 35 cases [moderately increased proteinuria (previously, microalbuminuria) (UACR 30-299 mg/g) = 33 and severely increased proteinuria (previously, overt proteinuria) (UACR ≥300 mg/g) = 2] and 65 controls. Mean age was 46.6±12.3 years and there was female predominance (male:female ratio was 1:2). Twenty four percent patients were smokers, 50% were hypertensive and 46% had dyslipidaemia. Seventy five percent of the study participants had positive family history of DM and 39% had family history of diabetic nephropathy. Mean body mass index (BMI) was 26.3±2.9 kg/m2. Mean fasting blood glucose (mmol/L), 2-h post glucose value (mmol/L) and mean glycated haemoglobin (HbA1c) (%) were 9.2±2.9, 14.5±4.1 and 7.9±1.3 respectively. Eighty percent of the patients were asymptomatic regarding DM. Besides nephropathy, other chronic complications of DM were diabetic retinopathy (17%), neuropathy (11%), coronary artery disease (11%) and cerebrovascular disease (4%). Regarding risk factors for diabetic nephropathy, family history of DM (OR 1.62, p 0.0001) and diabetic nephropathy (OR 25.13, p 0.003), presence of hypertension (OR 4.93, p 0.001) and coexisting diabetic retinopathy (OR 14.18, p 0.046) were significant. On multivariate logistic regression, family history of DM (OR 1.77, p 0.001) and diabetic nephropathy (OR 24.31, p 0.001), higher BMI (>25 kg/m2) (OR 2.11, p 0.013), hypertension (OR 4.31, p 0.003) and diabetic retinopathy (OR 14.09, p 0.021) were significant. Conclusion One-third of the newly detected type 2 diabetic subjects had diabetic nephropathy in this study. Family history of DM and diabetic nephropathy, higher BMI, presence of hypertension and diabetic retinopathy were significant risk factors for diabetic nephropathy.

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Evaluation of risk factors for diabetic nephropathy among newly diagnosed type 2 diabetic subjects: preliminary report from a tertiary care hospital of Bangladesh

BIRDEM Medical Journal ◽

10.3329/birdem.v10i2.47732 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 10 (2) ◽

pp. 88-91

Author(s):

Rahim MA ◽

Shahana Zaman ◽

Samira Humaira Habib ◽

Faria Afsana ◽

Wasim Md Mohosin Ul Haque ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Diabetic Retinopathy ◽

Diabetic Nephropathy ◽

Family History ◽

Tertiary Care ◽

Fasting Blood Glucose ◽

Positive Family History ◽

Care Hospital ◽

History Of

Background: Diabetes mellitus (DM) is the leading cause of chronic kidney disease through-out the world andhalf of the type 2 DM (T2DM) patients remain undiagnosed. During diagnosis, one-third to half of the T2DMpatients may have different macro- and micro-vascular complications including diabetic nephropathy. This studyaimed to evaluate selected risk factors for diabetic nephropathy among newly detected T2DM subjects. Methods: A case-control study was done at out-patient department of BIRDEM General Hospital, Dhaka,Bangladesh from October 2016 to June 2017. Newly detected (<3 months) adult (³18 years) T2DM patientswere included in this study. Patients with diagnosed kidney diseases, features of glomerulonephritis, systemicdiseases like systemic lupus erythematosus and vasculitis, history of recent fever and exercise, urinary tractinfection and pregnancy were excluded. Patients with urine albumin-creatinine ratio (UACR) ³30 mg/g in atleast two (of three, if done) samples were cases and those with UACR <30 mg/g were controls. Results: Total patients were 100, including 35 cases [microalbuminuria (UACR 30-299 mg/g) = 33 and overtproteinuria (UACR ³300 mg/g) = 2] and 65 controls. Mean age was 46.6±12.3 years and there was femalepredominance (male:female ratio was 1:2). One-fourth patients were smokers, half were hypertensive andtwo-fifths had dyslipidaemia. Three-fourths of the study participants had positive family history of DM andtwo-fifths had family history of diabetic nephropathy. Mean body mass index (BMI) was 26.26±2.97 kg/m2.Mean fasting blood glucose (mmol/L), 2-h post glucose value (mmol/L) and mean glycatedhaemoglobin(HbA1c) (%) were 9.2±2.9, 14.5±4.1 and 7.9±1.3 respectively. Eighty percent of the patients were asymptomaticregarding DM. Besides nephropathy, other chronic complications of DM were diabetic retinopathy (17%),neuropathy (11%), coronary artery disease (11%) and cerebrovascular disease (4%). Regarding risk factorsfor diabetic nephropathy, family history of DM (OR 1.62, p 0.0001) and diabetic nephropathy (OR 25.13,p 0.003), presence of hypertension (OR 4.93, p 0.001) and coexisting diabetic retinopathy (OR 14.18, p 0.046)were significant. On multivariate logistic regression, family history of DM (OR 1.77, p 0.001) and diabeticnephropathy (OR 24.31, p 0.001), higher BMI (>25 kg/m2) (OR 2.11, p 0.013), hypertension (OR 4.31,p 0.003) and diabetic retinopathy (OR 14.09, p 0.021) were significant. Conclusions: One-third of the newly detected T2DM subjects had diabetic nephropathy in this study. Familyhistory of DM and nephropathy, higher BMI, presence of hypertension and diabetic retinopathy were significantrisk factors for diabetic nephropathy. Birdem Med J 2020; 10(2): 88-91

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A cross-sectional observational study on drug utilisation pattern, prevalence and risk factors for the development of diabetic nephropathy among type 2 diabetic patients in a south indian tertiary care hospital

International Journal of Research in Pharmaceutical Sciences ◽

10.26452/ijrps.v11i1.1791 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 11 (1) ◽

pp. 93-108

Author(s):

Madhavi Mannam ◽

Lavanya Nalluri ◽

Dhanalakshmi Pinnika ◽

Mounika Pothuraju ◽

Ravindrababu Pingili ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Diabetic Nephropathy ◽

Tertiary Care ◽

Diabetic Patients ◽

Care Hospital ◽

Type 2 Diabetic Patients ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

South Indian ◽

Type 2 Diabetic

Diabetic nephropathy is the leading cause of the end-stage renal disease (ESRD) worldwide, and it is estimated that ~ 20% of type 2 diabetic patients reach ESRD during their lifetime. The objective of the present study was to assess the drug utilization pattern, risk factors, and prevalence of diabetic nephropathy in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus in a south Indian tertiary care hospital. A cross-sectional observational study was conducted on 613 subjects (254 with and 359 without diabetic nephropathy). Prevalence of diabetic nephropathy was measured, and risk factors for the development of diabetic nephropathy were determined by calculating odds ratios using graph-pad prism statistical software, and drug utilization pattern was assessed. Nephropathy was significantly higher in subjects who are married (98.8%, OR, 3.903; 95% CI, 1.125-13.54, P=0.0211), poorly educated (61%, OR, 0.3670;95%CI, 0.2635-0.5112, P<0.0001), house wives (44.4%, OR, 0.5492; 95% CI, 0.3432 - 0.8789, P=0.0120), rural residents (51.2%, OR, 0.3943; 95% CI, 0.2820-0.5513, P<0.0001) and risk factors were hypertension (37.44%, OR, 4.131; 95% CI, 2.687-6.350, P<0.0001), other diseases (36.51%, OR, 4.963; 95% CI, 3.202 -7.692, P<0.0001), Endocrine diseases (9.53%, OR, 2.460; 95% CI, 1.433- 4.224, P=0.0009), history of CVD (7.90%, OR, 17.20; 95% CI, 7.049- 41.95, P<0.0001), HbA1c (36.1%, OR, 3.380; 95% CI, 2.157- 5.295, P<0.0001), low HDL (23%, OR, 0.5961; 95% CI, 0.3572 - 0.9947 , P=0.0470), high FBS levels (29.3%, OR, 6.111; 95%CI, 1.283 -29.10, P=0.0113), high triglyceride levels (39.8%, OR, 0.6077; 95%CI, 0.3878 -0.9523, P=0.0293), high serum creatinine (28.3%, OR, 154.3; 95% CI, 37.92- 627.7, P<0.0001), duration of T2DM(5-10years 39.8%, OR, 2.653;95% CI, 1.778 - 3.958, & > 10 years 37%, OR, 3.606 ; 95% CI, 2.362-5.504, P<0.0001), physical inactivity(64.9%, OR, 0.5188;95% CI, 0.3727-0.7220 , P<0.0001), soft drinks occasionally (31.9%, OR, 2.253; 95% CI, 1.531-3.315, P<0.0001), habit of taking tea /coffee twice without sugar(42.3%, OR, 1.845; 95% CI, 1.094 to 3.112, P=0.0208) were significant risk factors for development of nephropathy. Metformin (47.05%), a combination of Glimepiride and Metformin (30.71%), a combination of insulin isophane and insulin regular (29.41%), teneligliptin (10.45%), insulin regular (9.80%) were the anti-diabetic medications mostly given to the T2DM patients with nephropathy. The present study revealed that the risk factors for the development of diabetic nephropathy were multiple.

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MO653RISK FACTORS FOR DIABETIC NEPHROPATHY AMONG NEWLY DIAGNOSED TYPE 2 DIABETIC PATIENTS WITH NORMAL BLOOD PRESSURE

Nephrology Dialysis Transplantation ◽

10.1093/ndt/gfab094.0021 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 36 (Supplement_1) ◽

Author(s):

Muhammad Abdur Rahim ◽

Shahana Zaman ◽

Samira Humaira Habib

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Blood Pressure ◽

Diabetic Retinopathy ◽

Diabetic Nephropathy ◽

Family History ◽

Normal Blood ◽

Newly Diagnosed ◽

Normal Blood Pressure ◽

History Of

Abstract Background and Aims Diabetes mellitus (DM) is the leading cause of chronic kidney disease; principally resulting from the increasing prevalence of type 2 DM (T2DM). Patients with T2DM pass through pre-diabetic stages and at the time of diagnosis, up to half of the T2DM patients may have different macro- and micro-vascular complications, including diabetic nephropathy. Hypertension has adverse impacts on diabetic nephropathy. This study was designed to evaluate the risk factors for diabetic nephropathy among newly detected T2DM patients with normal blood pressure. Method This case-control study was done at out-patient department of a referral hospital in Dhaka, Bangladesh from January 2018 to June 2019. Newly detected (<3 months), adult (≥18 years), T2DM patients of either sex, who underwent test for urine albumin-to-creatinine ratio (UACR), at least twice (6 weeks apart), within a 6-month period, were included in this study. Patients with hypertension (newly diagnosed or known cases/on antihypertensive medications), known kidney disease, features of glomerulonephritis, systemic diseases including systemic lupus erythematosus and vasculitis, history of recent fever and exercise, urinary tract infection and pregnancy were excluded. Patients with UACR ≥30 mg/g in at least two (of three, if done) samples were cases and those with UACR <30 mg/g were controls. Results Total patients were 135, including 27 cases [moderately increased proteinuria (previously, microalbuminuria) (UACR 30 – 299 mg/g) = 25 and severely increased proteinuria (previously, overt proteinuria) (UACR ≥300 mg/g) = 2] and 108 controls. Mean age was 42.9 years and there was female (64.8%) predominance. Thirteen percent patients were smokers, 12% had dyslipidaemia, 51% had family history of DM and 44.9% had family history of diabetic nephropathy. Besides diabetic nephropathy, other chronic complications of DM were diabetic retinopathy (6.7%), diabetic peripheral neuropathy (0.7%) and coronary artery disease (1.5%). Regarding risk factors for diabetic nephropathy, family history of DM [odds ratio (OR) = 2.31, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 0.923 – 5.415, p = 0.003) and diabetic nephropathy (OR = 3.28, 95% CI = 1.523 – 9.297, p = 0.001), smoking (OR = 3.08, 95% CI = 1.066 – 0.934, p = 0.003), dyslipidaemia (OR = 2.11, 95% CI = 0.241 – 3.464, p = 0.004) and coexisting diabetic retinopathy (OR = 6.51, 95% CI = 1.46 – 11.79, p = 0.003) were significant. On multivariate logistic regression, family history of DM (OR = 2.13, 95% CI = 1.412 – 4.216, p = 0.003) and diabetic nephropathy (OR = 3.31, 95% CI = 2.145 – 5.249, p = 0.001), smoking (OR = 3.11, 95% CI = 2.234 – 4.123, p = 0.003), dyslipidaemia (OR = 2.14, 95% CI = 1.363 – 3.324, p = 0.005) and diabetic retinopathy (OR = 6.23, 95% CI = 4.197 – 9.464, p = 0.004) were significant. Conclusion Family history of DM and diabetic nephropathy, smoking, dyslipidaemia and concomitant diabetic retinopathy were significant risk factors for diabetic nephropathy among newly diagnosed T2DM patients with normal blood pressure.

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FREQUENCY OF DIABETIC RETINOPATHY IN TYPE 2 DIABETES MELLITUS WITH REFERENCE TO RISK FACTORS IN A TERTIARY CARE HOSPITAL IN SOUTH WESTERN MAHARASHTRA

10.36106/ijsr/6106189 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 75-77

Author(s):

Satish Desai ◽

Priyanka A. Mahendrakar

Keyword(s):

Diabetes Mellitus ◽

Risk Factors ◽

Type 2 Diabetes ◽

Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽

Diabetic Retinopathy ◽

Tertiary Care ◽

Positive Family History ◽

Significant Risk ◽

Care Hospital

AIM: To estimate the frequency of Diabetic Retinopathy and the possible risk factors associated with Diabetic Retinopathy. MATERIALS AND METHODS: All patients of diagnosed type 2 Diabetes Mellitus attending Ophthalmology Outpatient Department in Government Medical College and Hospital, Miraj during the study period were included. History was taken and a complete ophthalmic examination was done. Diabetic Retinopathy was graded according to ETDRS classification. Data was analyzed using SPSS 22 version software. RESULT: A total of 275 patients with diagnosed Diabetes Mellitus were examined. Frequency of diabetic retinopathy in the study was 30.91%. Significant association was found with male gender (p=0.008), duration of Diabetes Mellitus more than 10 years (p<0.001), positive family history (p<0.001), use of insulin (p<0.001), raised systolic and diastolic blood pressure (p<0.001), fasting and post prandial blood sugar levels (p<0.001). Age, smoking status and body mass index were not found to be significant risk factors for the development of diabetic retinopathy.

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STUDY OF PREVALENCE AND CLINICAL PROFILE OF NEPHROPATHY AND RETINOPATHY IN TYPE 2 DIABETES PATIENTS AT TERTIARY CARE CENTER, UDAIPUR

10.36106/gjra/0100380 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 6-8

Author(s):

Yash Salil Patel

Keyword(s):

Diabetes Mellitus ◽

Type 2 Diabetes ◽

Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽

Diabetic Retinopathy ◽

Diabetic Nephropathy ◽

Microvascular Complications ◽

Tertiary Care ◽

Positive Family History ◽

Diabetic Patients

Microvascular complications of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM), (retinopathy and nephropathy) have a similar etiopathogenetic mechanism besides genetic predisposition. Even though these two complications frequently co-exist, their frequency varies. The association of these two signicant complications and their coexistence needs a relook. To study prevalence of retinopathy and nephropathy in Type 2 diabetes mel Aim: litus. Comparison of diabetic retinopathy and nephropathy in Type 2 diabetes mellitus and its correlation of diabetic retinopathy and nephropathy with duration of illness and various risk factors that affects development, progression and severity of diabetic retinopathy and nephropathy. 100 diabetic patients were taken up for study for a period of one year meeti Methodology: ng the criteria for the present study. Detailed history was taken from patient and meticulous examination was done of all patients with special emphasis on renal and ophthalmic symptoms. Clinical data and investigation prole was tabulated. Statistical analysis was done. Among 100 patients, 22 had diabetic retinopathy. Among patients with diab Results & Conclusion: etic retinopathy, 68.18% patients had positive family history. Among 100 patients, 32 had diabetic nephropathy, mean FBS was 207 mg%, PPBS was 317.8 mg% and mean HbA was 9.2%. Among patients with diabetic retinopathy, mean FBS was 211 mg%, PPBS was 324.9 1c mg%, HbA was 9.5%. From this study it is found that diabetic nephropathy starts earlier than retinopathy. In this study 1c hypertension was found to accelerate progression into nephropathy and retinopathy.

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Potential risk factors for developing diabetes mellitus type 2

Medicinski pregled ◽

10.2298/mpns1004231z ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 63 (3-4) ◽

pp. 231-236 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Dusica Zivanovic ◽

Sandra Sipetic ◽

Marina Stamenkovic-Radak ◽

Jelena Milasin

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Type 2 Diabetes ◽

Family History ◽

Physical Inactivity ◽

Positive Family History ◽

Diabetes Type 2 ◽

Diabetes Type ◽

Family History Of Diabetes ◽

History Of

Introduction Type 2 diabetes mellitus is a common multifactorial genetic syndrome, which is determined by several genes and environmental factors. The aim of the present study was to investigate the presence of risk factors for developing diabetes type 2 among diabetic individuals and to compare the presence of risk factors among diabetic individuals with and without positive family history for type 2 diabetes. Material and methods This study was conducted in Cuprija during the period from February to June 2002. The case group included 137 individuals having diagnosis type 2 diabetes. The control group included 129 subjects having the following diagnoses: hypertension, angina pectoris, chronic obstructive lung disease, gastric ulcer or duodenal ulcer. All participants were interviewed at the Medical Center Cuprija using structural questionnaire. The data were collected regarding demographic characteristics, exposure to various chemical and physical agents, stress, smoking, obesity, physical inactivity and family history of diabetes. In the statistical analysis chi square test was used. Results The diabetic individuals were statistically significantly older (40 and more years old) (p=0,000), and they came from rural areas more frequently (p=0,006) than the individuals without diabetes. Significantly more diabetics had lower educational level (p=0,000) and they were agriculture workers and housewives significantly more frequently (p=0,000) than nondiabetic individuals. Furthermore, obesity (p=0,000) and physical inactivity (p=0,003) were significantly more frequent among the diabetic individuals than the nondiabetics. The diabetic individuals had significanly (p=0,000) more numbers of relatives with diabetes mellitus type 2 than the nondiabetics. The diabetic individuals with positive family history of diabetes were significantly older (p=0,021) and more frequently from urban areas (p=0,018) than the diabetic individuals without the positive family history of diabetes. Also they were significantly less exposed to physical agents (p=0,004). Discussion In our study, like in many others, age, place of residence, education, occupation, obesity, physical inactivity, positive family history of diabetes type 2 and exposure to physical agents were identified as potential risk factors for diabetes type 2. Conclusion Different risk factors are probably responsible for developing type 2 diabetes among individuals with and without positive family history of type 2 diabetes.

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Evaluation of multiple risk factors involved in the development of Diabetic Retinopathy

Pakistan Journal of Medical Sciences ◽

10.12669/pjms.35.1.279 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 35 (1) ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Syeda Birjees Anwar ◽

Naveed Asif ◽

Syed Abid Hassan Naqvi ◽

Sidra Malik

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Diabetic Retinopathy ◽

Family History ◽

Positive Family History ◽

Family History Of Diabetes ◽

Duration Of Diabetes ◽

Multiple Risk Factors ◽

History Of ◽

The Mean ◽

The Difference

Objective: To determine the role of hypertension, hyperlipidemia, smoking and positive family history of diabetes and hypertension in the development of diabetic retinopathy. Methods: This prospective cohort study was conducted at the Department of Chemical Pathology, Armed Forces Institute of Pathology, Rawalpindi over 2 years period from June 2014 to June 2016. One hundred consecutive diabetic patients with no signs of diabetic retinopathy and good glycemic control (HbA1c<6.5%) were registered by non-probability convenient sampling after taking written informed consent. They were evaluated for hypertension, hyperlipidemia and smoking status. These patients were then followed 6 monthly for 2 years to look for the development of diabetic retinopathy. Results: The mean age of the patients was 50.72±9.29 years and there were 57 (57%) male and 43 (43%) female patients. Majority (82%) of the patients had NIDDM. The mean duration of diabetes was 8.31±6.83 years. 11% of the patients were smoker, 37% were hypertensive, 6% had hyperlipidaemia, 62% had family history of diabetes and 30% had family history of hypertension. At the end of follow-up, 9 (9.0%) patients had diabetic retinopathy. The frequency of diabetic retinopathy increased with increasing age of the patient; however, the difference was statistically insignificant. A comparatively higher frequency of diabetic retinopathy was also seen in patients with IDDM and those with positive family history of diabetes and hypertension yet again, the difference was statistically insignificant. Also, no significant difference was noted among male and female genders and smokers vs. non-smoker. However, the frequency of diabetic retinopathy increased significantly with increasing duration of diabetes. It was also higher among those with hypertension and hyperlipidemia. Conclusion: Higher patient age (≥50 years), increasing duration of diabetes (≥20 years), insulin dependent diabetes mellitus, hypertension, hyperlipidemia, and positive family history of diabetes and hypertension were found to be associated with increased frequency of diabetic retinopathy. How to cite this:Anwar SB, Asif N, Naqvi SAH, Malik S. Evaluation of multiple risk factors involved in the development of Diabetic Retinopathy. Pak J Med Sci. 2019;35(1):---------. doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.35.1.279 This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

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The effects of obesity along with other risk factors on type 2 diabetic patients in the northwest of Libya

World Journal of Advanced Research and Reviews ◽

10.30574/wjarr.2020.8.2.0413 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 8 (2) ◽

pp. 117-123

Author(s):

Khaled Ali ALawaini ◽

Mustafa Ali Abugila

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Type 2 Diabetes ◽

Family History ◽

Positive Family History ◽

Diabetic Patients ◽

Type 2 Diabetic Patients ◽

Face To Face ◽

High Fasting Plasma Glucose ◽

Type 2 Diabetic

Type 2 diabetes has several causes, such as family history, age, physical inactivity, and unhealthy food. Obesity is a significant cause of type 2 diabetes (T2D). Microvascular and macrovascular complications are associated with long-term diabetes. However, the main objective in this study is to search for complications and risk factors related to diabetes. Therefore, 472 diabetic patients with type 2 diabetes from northwest Libya participated in this study. Face-to-face interviews conducted using a questionnaire asking each patient information about name, age, sex, duration of disease, family history, and measured body mass index (BMI). A biochemical analysis (FPG, HbA1c, cholesterol, and triglyceride) was also performed on diabetic patients. Our results showed that 60.6% of type 2 diabetic patients had a positive family history. Poor glycemic control identified by high fasting plasma glucose (FPG) 186±9 mg/dl, and glycated hemoglobin was (HbA1C) 8.36%±1.8.

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We are Family

Californian Journal of Health Promotion ◽

10.32398/cjhp.v8i1.2034 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 8 (1) ◽

pp. 88-97 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Alexander Omolafe ◽

Michele Mouttapa ◽

Shari McMahan ◽

Sora Park Tanjasiri

Keyword(s):

Physical Activity ◽

Risk Factors ◽

Type 2 Diabetes ◽

Family History ◽

African Americans ◽

Positive Family History ◽

Self Report ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

History Of

This cross-sectional study sought to describe an association between family history of type-2 diabetes and the awareness of risk factors, perceived threat and physical activity levels in African Americans. With a prevalence of 11.8%, African Americans remain disproportionately affected by the epidemic of diabetes. A risk factor that cannot be modified, but is important and closely linked with diabetes expression, family history, can be a considerable tool in promoting behavior change and reducing the risk of developing the condition in African Americans. A self-report questionnaire was administered to 133 church going African Americans, with 55 of them with a positive family history of type-2 diabetes (41.4%) and 78 (58.6%) without. None of the participants had been previously been diagnosed with type-2 diabetes. The results from the study indicated that African Americans with positive family history had a greater knowledge of risk factors, were more likely to indicate that their concern about the disease influences their eating habits and physical activity, and engaged in significantly more physical activity than those with no family history.

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Serum Matrix Metalloproteinase 9 and Macrophage Migration Inhibitory Factor (MIF) Are Increased in Young Healthy Nonobese Subjects with Positive Family History of Type 2 Diabetes

International Journal of Endocrinology ◽

10.1155/2018/3470412 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 2018 ◽

pp. 1-7 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Agnieszka Nikołajuk ◽

Natalia Matulewicz ◽

Magdalena Stefanowicz ◽

Monika Karczewska-Kupczewska

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Insulin Resistance ◽

Type 2 Diabetes ◽

Insulin Sensitivity ◽

Family History ◽

Macrophage Migration Inhibitory Factor ◽

Positive Family History ◽

Macrophage Migration ◽

History Of

Insulin resistance increases the risk for cardiovascular disease (CVD) even in the absence of classic risk factors, such as hyperglycemia, hypertension, dyslipidemia, and obesity. Low-grade chronic inflammatory state is associated both with insulin resistance and atherosclerosis. An increased circulating level of proinflammatory proatherogenic factors and biomarkers of endothelial activation was observed in diabetes and CVD. The aim of our study was to assess serum proatherogenic and proinflammatory factors in young healthy nonobese subjects with positive family history of type 2 diabetes. We studied 74 young healthy nonobese subjects with normal glucose tolerance (age < 35 years, BMI < 30 kg/m2), 29 with positive family history of type 2 diabetes (relatives, 25 males and 4 females) and 45 subjects without family history of diabetes (control group, 39 males and 6 females). Hyperinsulinemic-euglycemic clamp was performed, and serum concentrations of monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1), interleukin 18 (IL-18), macrophage inhibitory cytokine 1 (MIC-1), macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF), matrix metalloproteinase (MMP-9), and soluble forms of adhesion molecules were measured. Relatives had markedly lower insulin sensitivity (p=0.019) and higher serum MMP-9 (p<0.001) and MIF (p=0.006), but not other chemokines and biomarkers of endothelial function. Insulin sensitivity correlated negatively with serum MMP-9 (r=−0.23, p=0.045). Our data show that young healthy subjects with positive family history of type 2 diabetes already demonstrate an increase in some nonclassical cardiovascular risk factors.

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