User-Perceived Negative Respiratory Symptoms Associated with Electronic Cigarette Use

Abstract Introduction Electronic cigarettes (ECIGs) expose users to an aerosol containing chemicals, which could affect the respiratory system negatively. This study examined negative respiratory symptoms associated with ECIG use. Methods In 2019, adult current ECIG users from 24 US states who reported experiencing negative respiratory symptoms from ECIG use (n = 49; 44.9% women; mean age = 35.2, SD = 11.5) completed an online survey and brainstormed statements that completed the prompt: “A specific negative effect or symptom related to my breathing, nose, mouth, throat, or lungs that I have experienced from vaping/using my e-cigarette is...” Participants sorted the final list of 56 statements into groups of similar content and rated statements on how true they were for them. Multidimensional scaling analysis identified thematic clusters. Results Eight ECIG use respiratory symptom clusters identified in analysis included Mucus and Congestion, Fatigue, Throat Symptoms, Breathing Problems, Mouth Symptoms, Chest Symptoms, Illness Symptoms, and Nose and Sinus Symptoms. Highly rated (ie, most common) symptoms included dry throat or mouth, fatigue during physical activity, coughing, shortness of breath, excessive phlegm, and bad taste in mouth. Mean cluster ratings did not differ based on lifetime cigarette smoking status (100 lifetime cigarettes smoked), but current cigarette smokers (ie, dual users) rated the Fatigue, Breathing Problems, Mucus and Congestion, and Nose and Sinus Symptoms clusters higher than noncurrent cigarette smokers. Conclusions Participant-identified respiratory symptoms perceived to be ECIG related, many similar to cigarette smoking symptoms. Future research should assess if these symptoms are associated with other negative health outcomes. Implications ECIG use exposes users to chemicals that may have negative health impacts on the respiratory system. Limited research has examined the broad range of negative respiratory symptoms associated with e-cigarette use. This study identified that ECIG–cigarette users perceive their ECIG use to be associated with negative respiratory symptoms. Many e-cigarette user-reported negative respiratory symptoms are similar to those associated with cigarette smoking, though some appear unique to e-cigarette use. Future research should continue to monitor respiratory symptoms reported by ECIG users and whether these are associated with health outcomes over time.

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E-Cigarette Use and Future Cigarette Initiation Among Never Smokers and Relapse Among Former Smokers in the PATH Study

Public Health Reports ◽

10.1177/0033354919864369 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 134 (5) ◽

pp. 528-536 ◽

Cited By ~ 14

Author(s):

Robert McMillen ◽

Jonathan D. Klein ◽

Karen Wilson ◽

Jonathan P. Winickoff ◽

Susanne Tanski

Keyword(s):

Cigarette Smoking ◽

Harm Reduction ◽

Electronic Cigarettes ◽

Computer Assisted ◽

Cigarette Use ◽

Cigarette Smokers ◽

Potential Harm ◽

Increased Risk ◽

Never Smokers

Objectives: Any potential harm-reduction benefit of electronic cigarettes (e-cigarettes) could be offset by nonsmokers who initiate e-cigarette use and then smoke combustible cigarettes. We examined correlates of e-cigarette use at baseline with combustible cigarette smoking at 1-year follow-up among adult distant former combustible cigarette smokers (ie, quit smoking ≥5 years ago) and never smokers. Methods: The Population Assessment of Tobacco and Health Study, a nationally representative, longitudinal study, surveyed 26 446 US adults during 2 waves: 2013-2014 (baseline) and 2014-2015 (1-year follow-up). Participants completed an audio computer-assisted interview in English or Spanish. We compared combustible cigarette smoking at 1-year follow-up by e-cigarette use at baseline among distant former combustible cigarette smokers and never smokers. Results: Distant former combustible cigarette smokers who reported e-cigarette past 30-day use (9.3%) and ever use (6.7%) were significantly more likely than those who had never used e-cigarettes (1.3%) to have relapsed to current combustible cigarette smoking at follow-up ( P < .001). Never smokers who reported e-cigarette past 30-day use (25.6%) and ever use (13.9%) were significantly more likely than those who had never used e-cigarettes (2.1%) to have initiated combustible cigarette smoking ( P < .001). Adults who reported past 30-day e-cigarette use (7.0%) and ever e-cigarette use (1.7%) were more likely than those who had never used e-cigarettes (0.3%) to have transitioned from never smokers to current combustible cigarette smokers ( P < .001). E-cigarette use predicted combustible cigarette smoking in multivariable analyses controlling for covariates. Conclusions: Policies and counseling should consider the increased risk for nonsmokers of future combustible cigarette smoking use as a result of using e-cigarettes and any potential harm-reduction benefits e-cigarettes might bring to current combustible cigarette smokers.

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The Use of Substances Other Than Nicotine in Electronic Cigarettes Among College Students

Substance Abuse Research and Treatment ◽

10.1177/1178221817733736 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 11 ◽

pp. 117822181773373 ◽

Cited By ~ 14

Author(s):

Deric R Kenne ◽

Rebecca L Fischbein ◽

Andy SL Tan ◽

Mark Banks

Keyword(s):

College Students ◽

College Student ◽

Online Survey ◽

Electronic Cigarettes ◽

Health Impact ◽

Cigarette Use ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Cigarette Smokers ◽

Tobacco Cigarette ◽

Illicit Substances

Introduction: Electronic cigarettes (e-cigarettes) have grown in popularity, especially among youth and young adults. Although e-cigarettes were originally intended to vaporize a liquid mixture containing nicotine, there appears to be an increasing trend in other substance use in e-cigarettes (OSUE). Materials and methods: Cross-sectional data from 1542 undergraduate college student e-cigarette users from a large Midwestern university were collected via online survey to assess prevalence of e-cigarette use, reasons for use, perceived harm, and prevalence and predictors of OSUE. Results: Nearly 7% (6.94%) reported using an e-cigarette to vaporize and inhale a substance other than nicotine. Current tobacco cigarette smokers were significantly more likely to report OSUE (51.0%) as compared with never (33.7%) and former (15.4%) smokers. Among respondents reporting OSUE, the primary reason for e-cigarette use was “safer than cigarettes” (21.7%), followed by “experimentation” (18.9%) and “friends use” (17.0%). Most (77.9%) reported using cannabis or some derivative of cannabis in an e-cigarette. Binomial logistic regression found that women were less likely to report OSUE by a factor of 0.60, former tobacco cigarette smokers as compared with never smokers were more likely to report OSUE by a factor of 1.87, and e-cigarette users who reported using e-cigarettes for “cool or trendy” reasons were more likely to report OSUE by a factor of 2.89. Discussion: Little is known regarding the health effects of cannabis and cannabis derivatives delivered through e-cigarettes. Concern may also be warranted regarding the potential dangers of this young population using substances more dangerous than cannabis in e-cigarettes. Knowledge is limited regarding the public health impact of vaping cannabis or other illicit substances among college student populations. This study stresses the need for continued research regarding the vaping of cannabis and other illicit substances among college students.

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Reducing the Smoking-Related Health Burden through Diversion to Electronic Cigarettes: A System Dynamics Simulation Study

10.21203/rs.3.rs-39763/v1 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Arielle Selya

Keyword(s):

Cigarette Smoking ◽

Harm Reduction ◽

Death Rate ◽

Electronic Cigarettes ◽

Dynamics Simulation ◽

Cigarette Use ◽

Ideal Case ◽

Cigarette Smokers ◽

Implementation Challenges ◽

The Ideal

Abstract Background: Electronic cigarettes (“e-cigarettes”) have altered nicotine use trends, and their impacts are controversial. Given their reduced risk profile relative to conventional cigarettes, e-cigarettes have potential for harm reduction. The current study presents a simulation-based analysis of an e-cigarette harm reduction policy. Methods: A system dynamics simulation model was constructed, with separate aging chains for cigarette smokers and e-cigarette users. These structures work together with a policy module to close the gap between actual (simulated) and a goal number of cigarette smokers, chosen to reduce the nicotine-attributable death rate to the accidental death rate. The policy is two-fold, first removing existing regulations on e-cigarettes (e.g. flavor bans) and second providing an informational campaign promoting e-cigarettes as a lower-risk alternative. Realistic practical implementation challenges are modeled in the policy sector, including time delays, political resistance, and budgetary limitations. Effects of e-cigarettes on conventional smoking occurs through three mechanisms: 1) diversion from ever initiating conventional smoking; 2) reducing smoking behavior and thus progression to established smoking; and 3) increasing smoking cessation. An important unintended effect was included, which increases the nicotine-related mortality accordingly with an increase in nicotine users due to e-cigarettes.Results: The base-case model replicated the historical exponential decline in conventional cigarette smoking and the exponential increase in e-cigarette use since their introduction circa 2010. The ideal-case policy was able to reduce conventional smoking to the goal level approximately 40 years after implementation. Policy scenarios that included realistic, practical obstacles to implementation delayed and weakened the effect of the policy by up to 95% in the worst case, relative to the same time point in the ideal-case scenario; however, these discrepancies substantially decreased over time in dampened oscillations. Conclusions: Current findings demonstrate that the promotion of e-cigarettes as a harm-reduction policy is a viable strategy, given current knowledge of e-cigarettes’ effects on conventional smoking. Given the strong effects of implementation challenges on policy effectiveness in the short term, accurately modeling such obstacles is essential in policy design. Ongoing research is needed with forthcoming data on e-cigarette use prevalence and possible effects on cigarette smoking.

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A Randomized Clinical Trial Examining the Effects of Instructions for Electronic Cigarette Use on Smoking-Related Behaviors and Biomarkers of Exposure

Nicotine & Tobacco Research ◽

10.1093/ntr/ntz233 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 22 (9) ◽

pp. 1524-1532 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

Dorothy K Hatsukami ◽

Ellen Meier ◽

Bruce R Lindgren ◽

Amanda Anderson ◽

Sarah A Reisinger ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Cigarette Smoking ◽

Electronic Cigarettes ◽

Future Research ◽

Cigarette Use ◽

Nicotine Replacement ◽

Toxicant Exposure ◽

Biomarkers Of Exposure ◽

Quitting Smoking ◽

Ad Libitum ◽

Tobacco Carcinogens

Abstract Introduction Electronic cigarettes (e-cigarettes) have the potential to significantly reduce exposure to harmful constituents associated with cigarette smoking when smokers completely substitute cigarettes with e-cigarettes. This study examined patterns of e-cigarette and cigarette use, and extent of toxicant exposure, if smokers were instructed and incentivized to completely switch to e-cigarettes compared to instructions to use the product ad libitum. Aims and Methods US adult daily smokers (n = 264; 49.2% female; Mage = 47.0), uninterested in quitting smoking immediately, were recruited from Minneapolis, MN, Columbus, OH, and Buffalo, NY. Participants were randomized to 8 weeks of instructions for (1) ad libitum use of e-cigarettes (AD-E), (2) complete substitution of cigarettes with e-cigarettes (CS-E), (3) complete substitution of cigarettes with nicotine gum or lozenge (CS-NRT), or (4) continue smoking of usual brand cigarettes (UB). Participants were incentivized for protocol compliance, including complete switching in the CS-E and CS-NRT groups. Outcome variables were cigarette smoking rate and tobacco-related biomarkers of exposure. Results Smokers in the CS-E and CS-NRT groups showed lower rates of smoking and lower exposure to carbon monoxide, tobacco carcinogens, and other toxicants than smokers in the AD-E group. In general, no significant differences were observed between CS-E versus CS-NRT or between AD-E versus UB for most biomarkers. Significantly higher 7-day point prevalence smoke-free rates were observed for CS-E versus CS-NRT. Conclusions Smokers instructed and incentivized to completely switch to e-cigarettes resulted in lower smoking rates and greater reductions in exposures to harmful chemicals than smokers instructed to use the product ad libitum. Implications Smokers instructed to completely substitute e-cigarettes for cigarettes displayed significantly lower levels of smoking and biomarkers of exposure to carcinogens and toxicants, compared to smokers instructed to use e-cigarettes ad libitum and similar levels as smokers instructed to completely substitute with nicotine replacement therapies. Furthermore, a higher rate of complete switching was achieved with e-cigarettes versus nicotine replacement therapies. Approaches to maximize complete substitution with e-cigarettes are an important area for future research.

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Workplace smoke-free policies that allow heated tobacco products and electronic cigarettes use are associated with use of both these products and conventional tobacco smoking: the 2018 JASTIS study

Tobacco Control ◽

10.1136/tobaccocontrol-2019-055465 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. tobaccocontrol-2019-055465

Author(s):

Yanakawee Siripongvutikorn ◽

Takahiro Tabuchi ◽

Sumiyo Okawa

Keyword(s):

Regression Models ◽

Electronic Cigarettes ◽

Internet Survey ◽

Survey Study ◽

Cigarette Use ◽

Cigarette Smokers ◽

Tobacco Products ◽

National Legislation ◽

Adjusted Rate ◽

Rate Ratios

ObjectivesHeated tobacco products (HTPs) and electronic cigarettes (e-cigarettes) are rapidly gaining popularity, especially in Japan. However, at the time of the survey (2018), there was no national legislation banning HTPs or e-cigarette use in the workplace. The objective is to examine the current situation for workplace smoke-free policies which ban the use of HTPs/e-cigarettes and the associations of such rules with the use of HTP and e-cigarette as well as conventional cigarette smoking.MethodsAn internet-based self-reported questionnaire survey was conducted in 2018 as a part of the Japan Society and New Tobacco Internet Survey study. 5646 eligible employees aged 15–72 years were analysed. Proportions and adjusted rate ratios for HTP and e-cigarette use were calculated according to covariates, using Poisson regression models. Those who reported HTP or e-cigarette use within 30 days were defined as current user of the products.ResultsIn workplaces which prohibited smoking indoors but permitted the use of HTPs/e-cigarettes, the rate ratios of HTP use was 2.19 (95% CI 1.57 to 3.06), e-cigarette use was 3.86 (95% CI 1.97 to 7.57) and combustible cigarette use was 1.67 (95% CI 1.19 to 2.34) when using workplaces which also prohibited HTPs/e-cigarettes as a reference category.ConclusionsWorkplaces that allow HTP/e-cigarette use indoors were associated with higher rate for HTP and e-cigarette users, and for combustible cigarette smokers. National legislation banning tobacco should be enforced and also cover HTPs and e-cigarettes in order to avoid renormalisation of smoking and nicotine addiction.

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The Impact of Grit on Health Outcomes in College Students

Current Developments in Nutrition ◽

10.1093/cdn/nzab038_067 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 5 (Supplement_2) ◽

pp. 455-455

Author(s):

Amelia Sullivan ◽

Leigh Neptune ◽

Kayla Parsons ◽

Ashley Reynolds ◽

Carol Byrd-Bredbenner ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Health Outcomes ◽

Food Insecurity ◽

Undergraduate Students ◽

Online Survey ◽

Future Research ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Convenience Sample ◽

Experiment Station ◽

College Undergraduate ◽

The Impact

Abstract Objectives The objective was to examine the relationship between grit and health outcomes in college undergraduate students. Methods A cross-sectional convenience sample of college undergraduate students completed an online survey assessing Health-Related Quality of Life (HRQOL), the National Cancer Institute Fruit and Vegetable Screener, and the 2-item Hager Food Insecurity Screener. Grit was assessed by generating a mean score using the 8-item short grit scale. Independent t-tests were used to compare health outcomes between students who reported above/below the average grit score of the sample. Chi-square tests were used to examine group differences between grit level and prevalence of food insecurity. Results Participants (N = 655) were 19.8 ± 1.5 years old, mostly female (63%), and white (84%). The average grit score was 3.27 ± 0.54 out of 5. Results indicated that students who were grittier than average (n = 372) reported fewer days/months (d/m) with poor mental health (8.1 ± 8.5 vs. 11.6 ± 9.6, P < 0.001), fewer d/m feeling sad/depressed (6.2 ± 7.7 vs. 9.9 ± 9.3, P < 0.001), more d/m with restful sleep (12.9 ± 9.8 vs. 10.3 ± 8.6, P < 0.001), more d/m feeling very healthy and full of energy (12.6 ± 8.8 vs. 8.4 ± 7.5, P < 0.001), and ate more servings of fruits and vegetables per day (2.4 ± 1.3 vs. 2.1 ± 1.32, P < 0.01). Grittier participants were also less likely to report being food insecure (16.0%) vs. less grittier participants (23.3%), P < 0.05. Conclusions This data indicates that students who were grittier than average reported better HRQOL, consumed a more healthful diet, and were more likely to be food secure. This provides justification for future research to explore grit as a mediating factor that may contribute to better health outcomes, especially in populations particularly susceptible to experiencing poor HRQOL and food insecurity. Funding Sources This project was supported by the USDA National Institute of Food and Agriculture, Hatch project number #ME0022104 through the Maine Agricultural & Forest Experiment Station. NJ Agriculture Experiment Station.

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Comparing Factors Related to Any Conventional Cigarette Smokers, Exclusive New Alternative Product Users, and Non-Users among Japanese Youth: A Nationwide Survey

International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health ◽

10.3390/ijerph17093128 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 17 (9) ◽

pp. 3128 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Yuki Kuwabara ◽

Aya Kinjo ◽

Maya Fujii ◽

Aya Imamoto ◽

Yoneatsu Osaki ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Electronic Cigarettes ◽

Multivariable Analysis ◽

Nationwide Survey ◽

Public Health Issue ◽

Cigarette Use ◽

Cigarette Smokers ◽

Tobacco Products ◽

Alternative Product ◽

Japanese Youth ◽

The Impact

The impact of heated-tobacco-products (HTPs) and electronic cigarettes (e-cigarettes) on youth is a controversial public health issue, as it is unknown whether alternative products result in more youth using such products or smoking. In Japan, e-cigarettes with nicotine are prohibited, but e-cigarettes without nicotine are available. HTPs are marketed as tobacco products. Within this unique context, we aimed to compare any conventional cigarette smokers (including those who also used alternative products) with exclusive users of alternative products and examine factors relating to their use in Japan. In 2017, 22,275 students in grades 7–9 (age 12–15) and 42,142 in grades 10–12 (age 15–18) nationwide were surveyed. Overall, 1.8% were current users of any of the three products over the last month. Multivariable analysis revealed that risk factors for alternative product use were the same as those for cigarette use. Among all users, exclusive new product users were more likely to participate in club activities and intend to continue to higher education; any conventional cigarette users (including those who also used alternative products) were more likely to be exposed to secondhand smoke at home and to drink alcohol. Reducing adult smoking and disseminating health education remain relevant as strategies for preventing adolescents’ future tobacco use.

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The Relationship Between Electronic Cigarette Use and Conventional Cigarette Smoking Is Largely Attributable to Shared Risk Factors

Nicotine & Tobacco Research ◽

10.1093/ntr/ntz157 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 22 (7) ◽

pp. 1123-1130 ◽

Cited By ~ 15

Author(s):

Sooyong Kim ◽

Arielle S Selya

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Propensity Score ◽

Cigarette Smoking ◽

Causal Relationship ◽

Electronic Cigarettes ◽

Cigarette Use ◽

Propensity Score Weighting ◽

Apparent Relationship ◽

Shared Risk ◽

The Relationship

Abstract Introduction The growing popularity of electronic cigarettes (e-cigarettes) among youth raises concerns about possible causal effects on conventional cigarette smoking. However, past research remains inconclusive due to heavy confounding between cigarette and e-cigarette use. This study uses propensity score methods to robustly adjust for shared risk in estimating the relationship between e-cigarette use and conventional smoking. Methods Cross-sectional data from 8th and 10th graders were drawn from the 2015–2016 waves of Monitoring the Future (n = 12 421). The effects of (1) lifetime and (2) current e-cigarette use on (A) lifetime and (B) current conventional cigarette smoking were examined using logistic regression analyses with inverse propensity weighting based on 14 associated risk factors. Results After accounting for the propensity for using e-cigarettes based on 14 risk factors, both lifetime and current e-cigarette use significantly increased the risk of ever smoking a conventional cigarette (OR = 2.49, 95% CI = 1.77 to 3.51; OR = 2.32, 95% CI = 1.66 to 3.25, respectively). However, lifetime (OR = 2.17, 95% CI = 0.62 to 7.63) and current e-cigarette use (OR = 0.95, 95% CI = 0.55 to 1.63) did not significantly increase the risk of current conventional cigarette smoking. Conclusions E-cigarette use does not appear to be associated with current, continued smoking. Instead, the apparent relationship between e-cigarette use and current conventional smoking is fully explained by shared risk factors, thus failing to support claims that e-cigarettes have a causal effect on concurrent conventional smoking among youth. E-cigarette use has a remaining association with lifetime cigarette smoking after propensity score adjustment; however, future research is needed to determine whether this is a causal relationship or merely reflects unmeasured confounding. Implications This study examines the relationship between e-cigarette use and conventional smoking using inverse propensity score weighting, an innovative statistical method that produces less-biased results in the presence of heavy confounding. Our findings show that the apparent relationship between e-cigarette use and current cigarette smoking is entirely attributable to shared risk factors for tobacco use. However, e-cigarette use is associated with lifetime cigarette smoking, though further research is needed to determine whether this is a causal relationship or merely reflects unaccounted-for confounding. Propensity score weighting produced significantly weaker effect estimations compared to conventional regression control.

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P032 E-CIGARETTE AND CIGARETTE USE AMONG U.S. ADULT IBD PATIENTS: POPULATION-LEVEL SURVEY

Inflammatory Bowel Diseases ◽

10.1093/ibd/zaa010.159 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 26 (Supplement_1) ◽

pp. S62-S63

Author(s):

Ryan Suk ◽

Heetae Suk ◽

Kalyani Sonawane ◽

Ashish Deshmukh

Keyword(s):

Cigarette Smoking ◽

Lung Injury ◽

Survey Design ◽

Population Level ◽

Cigarette Use ◽

Cigarette Smokers ◽

The Us ◽

Current Cigarette ◽

Lung Injuries ◽

Nationally Representative

Abstract Background Cigarette smoking can negatively affect treatment response in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) patients, especially among those with Crohn’s disease (CD). E-cigarette has been considered a safer alternative to delivering nicotine for IBD patients who smoke. However, given the recent large number of reported e-cigarette-related lung injury cases, CDC released an interim guidance update on those lung injuries. They also coined a term EVALI (e-cigarette, or vaping, product use associated lung injury) emphasizing the possible harms in e-cigarette smoking. To the best our knowledge, we currently do not know the recent smoking habits in American IBD patients, especially when it reveals that e-cigarette use might cause serious lung injuries. Methods We used National Health Interview Survey (NHIS) for 2015–2016, which is a nationally representative survey for noninstitutionalized adults in the US. Weighted counts and percentages were estimated using survey design for the population-level results. We identified those who reportedly were told by a doctor or healthcare professional that they have IBD. We first estimated the prevalence of current e-cigarette or cigarette use among IBD patients. We then estimated the frequency of use (every day or some days) among the current users. We also categorized IBD patients into 4 groups by smoking type: those using e-cigarette only, cigarette only, using both, and neither. To see the characteristics of e-cigarette users, we stratified e-cigarette users by current/former/never cigarette use status. Results We identified 951 participants (population estimate: 3.1 million) with IBD. Among those people, 5.0% (95% CI: 3.1–6.9) was current e-cigarette users while 17.9% (95% CI: 14.8–21.0) was current cigarette smokers. Prevalence of every-day use and some-day use of e-cigarette was similar (2.4% vs 2.6%), while there was much higher prevalence of every-day use than some-day use in cigarette (15.3% vs 2.6%). Those who were using both e-cigarette and cigarette was 3.2% (Table). Majority of e-cigarette users were also currently using cigarette (63.6%, 95% CI: 48.9–78.3), while 32.7% (95% CI: 18.4–47.0) of them were former cigarette smokers. Only 3.7% (0.0–8.9) of them never used cigarettes. Conclusion While numerous studies show e-cigarette use is generally increasing rapidly in the US, we found that 5% of IBD patients are currently using e-cigarette. Almost two-thirds of them were also currently smoking cigarette and one-third of them were former smokers. It is possible that most of the e-cigarette users are still in the process of transitioning from cigarette smoking and thus using both types. We lack information on effects of using e-cigarette or both e-cigarette and cigarette in IBD treatment outcomes, as well as how e-cigarette use will complicate other health risks in IBD patients (e.g. lung injuries). We need further research on these effects to properly guide IBD patients who are in need of smoking cessation.

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Abstract 17459: Sex Differences in Hypertension Associated With Tobacco and Electronic Cigarette Use

Circulation ◽

10.1161/circ.142.suppl_3.17459 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 142 (Suppl_3) ◽

Author(s):

Mohinder Reddy Vindhyal ◽

Elizabeth Ablah ◽

Hayrettin Okut ◽

Paul M NDUNDA ◽

K James Kallail ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Sex Differences ◽

Electronic Cigarettes ◽

Cigarette Use ◽

Inclusion Criteria ◽

Multivariate Logistic Regression ◽

Cigarette Smokers ◽

Hypertension Prevalence ◽

Potential Association ◽

Interview Survey ◽

Similar Risk

Introduction: Hypertension is one of the leading cardiovascular risk factors, with a prevalence of almost 875 million individuals worldwide. Hypertension prevalence is higher among men than women until after menopause. No studies have determined if there is a relationship between hypertension and the use of electronic cigarettes (E-Cig). This study sought to determine the sex differences in hypertension association with tobacco and E-Cigarette use Methods: National Health Interview Survey Data from years 2014, 2016, 2017 and 2018 were analyzed. Multivariate logistic regression analyses with Fisher’s Scoring iterative algorithm determined the covariate-adjusted and weighted odds ratios of clinical cardiovascular outcomes (i.e. hypertension) and their potential association with use of tobacco or e-cigarettes by sex after controlling for age and body mass index (BMI). Results: A total of 121,705 participants completed the survey and met inclusion criteria of which 66,762 were female users and 54,943 were male users. Female e-cigarette users were 2.23 times more likely (95% CI:1.29 - 3.86, P < 0.05) to report hypertension than those who never used cigarettes or e-cigarettes. Female cigarette smokers were 1.63 times more likely (95% CI: 1.32 – 2.01, P < 0.05), and male cigarette smokers were 1.34 times more likely (95% CI :1.12 -1.60, P < 0.05) to report hypertension than those who never used cigarettes or e-cigarettes. Female and male dual users (of E-Cig and tobacco) had similar odds of 1.40 (95% CI 1.08 -1.83, P < 0.05), and 1.41 (95% CI: 1.13 - 1.77, P < 0.05) to report hypertension than those who never smoked. Discussion: The findings from this study suggest that females reporting current e-cigarette use had the highest odds of reporting hypertension, followed by female tobacco smokers. Both male and female dual users had similar risk of hypertension.

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