scholarly journals 105. Null Effect of Financial Incentives or Social Media Support on Prep Adherence in a Randomized Controlled Trial of Young Men Who Have Sex with Men of Colour

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. S181-S182
Author(s):  
Chelsea Ware ◽  
Andrew D Sparks ◽  
Matthew E Levy ◽  
Hilary Wolf ◽  
Marc O Siegel
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
Sexually Transmitted Infections ◽  
Sexual Risk ◽  
Financial Incentives ◽  
Financial Incentive ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Sexually Transmitted ◽  
Incentive Group ◽  
Media Group

Abstract Background Pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) using emtricitabine/tenofovir disoproxil fumarate (FTC/TDF) effectively reduces HIV transmission, with efficacy being dependent on adherence. We evaluated the effect of either social media-based support or financial incentives on PrEP adherence among young MSM of color in Washington, DC Methods MSM aged 18–29 were randomized 1:1:1 to standard of care (SOC) PrEP (Control group), SOC PrEP + invitation to a bidirectional Facebook group supervised by two clinicians (Social Media group), or SOC PrEP + $50 gift card at each of two follow-up visits (Financial Incentive group). Participants were asked to return at 3 and 6 months. Adherence was monitored with predefined dried blood spots (DBS) TFVdp levels with < 490, 490–979, 980–1749 and ≥1750 fmol/punch correlating with average of < 2, 2–4, 4–6, and 7 doses per week Results We enrolled 53 MSM. Average age was 22.5 years and 72% of participants were Black. At enrollment, 96% had previously heard of PrEP, 17% had ever taken PrEP but none had taken PrEP in the prior 6 months. 92% of participants reported condomless anal sex in the prior 3 months, 36% with an HIV-positive man or man of unknown HIV status (Table 1). 81% of participants returned for their 3-month visit and 70% for their 6-month visit. Mean self-reported PrEP adherence over the previous 3 months was 78% with no difference in adherence between the three groups at either visit. Based on DBS TFVdp levels, protective PrEP adherence (≥4 doses/week) was measured in 46% of the Financial Incentive group and in 57% of the Social Media group compared to in 67% of the Control group (p=0.38). Only 16% of TFVdp levels corresponded to taking PrEP 7 days a week (Figure 1). There was no change in sexual risk activity over the course of the study. 38 sexually transmitted infections were diagnosed in 26 participants (Figure 2). No participant tested positive for HIV. 3 months after study completion, 9 participants were still taking PrEP Table I. Sexual risk behaviors over the previous 3 months for study participants assessed at baseline visit, as well as 3 month and 6 month follow up visits Figure 1. PrEP Adherence. Figure 2. Number of sexually transmitted infections by specific etiology and site diagnosed Conclusion Our study showed no impact of either offering financial incentives or providing access to a supervised Facebook-based support group on PrEP adherence. Financial compensation based on level of PrEP adherence and using a more age-appropriate social media platform may have a greater impact on adherence Disclosures All Authors: No reported disclosures

scholarly journals Perceptions of a food benefit program that includes financial incentives for the purchase of fruits and vegetables and restrictions on the purchase of foods high in added sugar

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-24
Author(s):  
Fatima A Fagbenro ◽  
Tessa Lasswell ◽  
Sarah A Rydell ◽  
J Michael Oakes ◽  
Brian Elbel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Financial Incentives ◽  
Fruits And Vegetables ◽  
Financial Incentive ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Added Sugar ◽  
Program Satisfaction ◽  
Food Purchasing ◽  
Households With Children ◽  
Participant Perspectives

ABSTRACT Objective To report perspectives of participants in a food benefit program that includes FAS restrictions and FAS restrictions paired with F/V incentives. Design Randomized experimental trial in which participant perspectives were an exploratory study outcome. Setting Participants were randomized into one of three SNAP-like food benefit program groups - (1) Restriction: not allowed to buy FAS with benefits; (2) Restriction paired with incentive: not allowed to buy FAS with benefits and 30% financial incentive on eligible F/V purchased using benefits; or (3) Control: Same food purchasing rules as SNAP. Participants were asked questions to assess program satisfaction. Participants Adults in the Minneapolis-St. Paul, MN metropolitan area, eligible for but not currently participating in SNAP who completed baseline and follow-up study measures (n=254). Results Among remaining households in each group, most found the program helpful in buying nutritious foods (88.2%-95.7%) and were satisfied with the program (89.1%-93.0%). Sensitivity analysis results indicate that reported helpfulness and satisfaction with the program may in some instances be lower among the Restriction and the Restrictions paired with Incentive groups in comparison to the control group. Conclusions A food benefit program that includes restriction on purchase of FAS or restriction paired with a financial incentive for F/V purchases may be acceptable to most SNAP-eligible households with children.

scholarly journals Impact of Testing on Sexually Transmitted Infections among Female Brothel Sex Workers in Bangladesh: A Randomized Controlled Trial

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Asad Islam ◽  
HongQi Alexis Tan ◽  
Claire C. Bristow ◽  
Md Golam Hasnain ◽  
Russell Smyth ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sexually Transmitted Infections ◽  
Sex Workers ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
Controlled Study ◽  
Baseline Survey ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Sexually Transmitted ◽  
Randomized Controlled

Past studies that have designed interventions to reduce the prevalence of sexually transmitted infections (STIs) have typically provided onsite treatment to sex workers who tested positive, which were expensive and difficult to implement. The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of an intervention which tested for STIs and provided information on the closest treatment facility on reducing the prevalence of STIs among female brothel-based sex workers (BSWs) in Bangladesh. The study adopted a pre–post interventional design as well as a randomized controlled study design. A baseline sample and follow-up urine sample were collected to evaluate the prevalence of STIs among participants in the treatment, but not control group. A baseline survey and interviews were also conducted for both the groups. The study found a nonsignificant reduction from baseline to follow-up in STI prevalence among intervention participants (adjusted odds ratio [aOR]: 0.74; 95% CI: 0.38, 1.45). However, the participants in the intervention group were significantly more likely to have a repeat client (aOR: 1.60; 95% CI: 1.12, 2.29) and nonsignificantly less likely to engage with a client suspected of having an STI (aOR: 0.62; 95% CI: 0.39, 1.00) than participants in the control group. The intervention testing of STIs and providing information to the positive cases about nearest treatment facilities were not effective in reducing the prevalence of STIs among BSWs. Further study of the clinical and behavioral impacts of such efforts to reduce STIs among BSWs is warranted.

scholarly journals Randomised controlled trial of a financial incentive for increasing the number of daily walking steps: study protocol

BMJ Open ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (6) ◽  
pp. e026086
Author(s):  
Yasutake Tomata ◽  
Fumiya Tanji ◽  
Dieta Nurrika ◽  
Yingxu Liu ◽  
Saho Abe ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Financial Incentives ◽  
Primary Outcome ◽  
Financial Incentive ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
Sample Size Calculation ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Modifiable Factors ◽  
Randomised Controlled

IntroductionPhysical activity is one of the major modifiable factors for promotion of public health. Although it has been reported that financial incentives would be effective for promoting health behaviours such as smoking cessation or attendance for cancer screening, few randomised controlled trials (RCTs) have examined the effect of financial incentives for increasing the number of daily steps among individuals in a community setting. The aim of this study is to investigate the effects of financial incentives for increasing the number of daily steps among community-dwelling adults in Japan.Methods and analysisThis study will be a two-arm, parallel-group RCT. We will recruit community-dwelling adults who are physically inactive in a suburban area (Nakayama) of Sendai city, Japan, using leaflets and posters. Participants that meet the inclusion criteria will be randomly allocated to an intervention group or a waitlist control group. The intervention group will be offered a financial incentive (a chance to get shopping points) if participants increase their daily steps from their baseline. The primary outcome will be the average increase in the number of daily steps (at 4–6 weeks and 7–9 weeks) relative to the average number of daily steps at the baseline (1–3 weeks). For the sample size calculation, we assumed that the difference of primary outcome would be 1302 steps.Ethics and disseminationThis study has been ethically approved by the research ethics committee of Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Japan (No. 2018-1-171). The results will be submitted and published in a peer-reviewed scientific journal.Trial registration numberUMIN000033276; Pre-results.

scholarly journals If I tweet will you cite later? Follow-up on the effect of social media exposure on article downloads and citations

2020 ◽  
Vol 65 (9) ◽  
pp. 1797-1802
Author(s):  
Thomy Tonia ◽  
Herman Van Oyen ◽  
Anke Berger ◽  
Christian Schindler ◽  
Nino Künzli
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
Media Exposure ◽  
Observation Time ◽  
Added Value ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Scientific Publications ◽  
Media Intervention ◽  
Relative Differences

Abstract Objectives We previously reported that random assignment of scientific articles to a social media exposure intervention did not have an effect on article downloads and citations. In this paper, we investigate whether longer observation time after exposure to a social media intervention has altered the previously reported results. Methods For articles published in the International Journal of Public Health between December 2012 and December 2014, we updated article download and citation data for a minimum of 24-month follow-up. We re-analysed the effect of social media exposure on article downloads and citations. Results There was no difference between intervention and control group in terms of downloads (p = 0.72) and citations (p= 0.30) for all papers and when we stratified by open access status. Conclusions Longer observation time did not increase the relative differences in the numbers of downloads and citations between papers in the social media intervention group and papers in the control group. Traditional impact metrics based on citations, such as impact factor, may not capture the added value of social media for scientific publications.

scholarly journals Critiquing the Health Belief Model and Sexual Risk Behaviours among Adolescents: A Narrative Review of Familial and Peer Influence

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (6) ◽  
pp. 62
Author(s):  
Michael C.T. O’Dwyer ◽  
Tinashe Dune ◽  
John Bidewell ◽  
Pranee Liamputtong
Keyword(s):  
High Risk ◽  
Sexually Transmitted Infections ◽  
Health Belief Model ◽  
Sexual Risk ◽  
Sexual Behaviour ◽  
Health Belief ◽  
Parental Relationships ◽  
Sexually Transmitted ◽  
Belief Model ◽  
The Health Belief Model

Research into the rising rates of sexually transmitted infections and unwanted pregnancies among adolescents has highlighted the challenge in developing sexual education campaigns that affect behavioural change. Frequent attempts to apply the otherwise robust Health Belief Model to the challenge of high-risk sexual behaviours have yielded confounding results from sexually active teens who discount the seriousness of consequences or their susceptibility to them. Social dynamics involving familial and peer relationships may strongly influence teen sexual risk-taking; the growing population of sexual risk-takers is strongly associated with disengaged family environments and a shift in alliance from family to peer community. This shift in identification to peer groups, in the absence of supportive parental relationships, is correlated with permissive and coercive sexual behaviour and a future of substance abuse, depression, sexually transmitted infections and unwanted pregnancy.This paper seeks to explore the correlation between peer interaction and parental relationships and availability, while assessing the predictive value of the Health Belief Model in relation to adolescent high risk sexual behaviour. Doing so can inform research to further clarify the nature of these associations and investigate new insights into adolescent sexual dynamics and new policy and programming approaches to sexual health promotion.

scholarly journals Using Clinical Trial Data to Estimate the Costs of Behavioral Interventions for Potential Adopters: A Guide for Trialists

2020 ◽  
Vol 41 (1) ◽  
pp. 9-20
Author(s):  
Louise B. Russell ◽  
Laurie A. Norton ◽  
David Pagnotti ◽  
Christianne Sevinc ◽  
Sophia Anderson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Trials ◽  
Financial Incentives ◽  
Behavioral Interventions ◽  
Randomized Clinical Trials ◽  
Financial Incentive ◽  
Trial Data ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Cost Information ◽  
Billing Data ◽  
Pragmatic Clinical Trials

Behavioral interventions involving electronic devices, financial incentives, gamification, and specially trained staff to encourage healthy behaviors are becoming increasingly prevalent and important in health innovation and improvement efforts. Although considerations of cost are key to their wider adoption, cost information is lacking because the resources required cannot be costed using standard administrative billing data. Pragmatic clinical trials that test behavioral interventions are potentially the best and often only source of cost information but rarely incorporate costing studies. This article provides a guide for researchers to help them collect and analyze, during the trial and with little additional effort, the information needed to inform potential adopters of the costs of adopting a behavioral intervention. A key challenge in using trial data is the separation of implementation costs, the costs an adopter would incur, from research costs. Based on experience with 3 randomized clinical trials of behavioral interventions, this article explains how to frame the costing problem, including how to think about costs associated with the control group, and describes methods for collecting data on individual costs: specifications for costing a technology platform that supports the specialized functions required, how to set up a time log to collect data on the time staff spend on implementation, and issues in getting data on device, overhead, and financial incentive costs.

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