scholarly journals 819. Antibiotic Resistance in Pathogens Causing Hospital Acquired Infections in Brazil: A Multicenter Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. S502-S503
Author(s):  
Carlos Starling ◽  
Bráulio R G M Couto ◽  
Estevão Urbano Silva ◽  
Virginia Andrade ◽  
Edna M M Leite ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antibiotic Resistance ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Healthcare Associated Infections ◽  
Gram Positive ◽  
Resistance Profile ◽  
Hospital Acquired Infections ◽  
Microbiological Methods ◽  
Belo Horizonte ◽  
Healthcare Associated ◽  
Hospital Acquired

Abstract Background In the present study we determined the prevalence of antibiotic resistance in the most common organisms causing healthcare-associated infections in tertiary-care hospitals in Belo Horizonte, a 3,000,000 inhabitants city from Brazil. Methods Microbiology data of hospital acquired infections (HAI) defined by the National Healthcare Safety Network (NHSN)/CDC protocols of seven general hospitals were analyzed: three public institutions, two philanthropic, and two private hospitals. Samples from different topographies were plate in an ideal culture medium and after growth, the microorganisms were identified by standard biochemical and microbiological methods, using the VITEK 2 compact system (Biomerieux), which allows the simultaneous identification of Gram-positive and Gram bacteria -negative and combine the identification and TSA results in a single report. Six hospitals used automated methods and one institution used manual method for antimicrobial susceptibility testing. Results Samples of seven Gram-negative and two Gram-positive bacteria collected between Dec/2019-Nov/2020 from HAI isolates were analyzed: 565 Klebsiella, 293 Escherichia coli, 153 Proteus, 403 Pseudomonas, 275 Acinetobacter, 174 Serratia, 153, 361 Staphylococcus aureus, and 176 Enterococcus. Antibiotic resistance profile of each strain is summarized in Figures 1, 2, and 3. Resistance profile: Klebsiella, E. coli, Proteus. ATB profile: Pseudomonas, Acinetobacter, Serratia. ATB profile: Enterobacter, S. aureus, Enterococcus . Conclusion Benchmarks for antibiotic resistance in the most common organisms causing healthcare-associated infections were defined, and can be used as indicators for healthcare assessment, specially in developing countries institutions. Disclosures All Authors: No reported disclosures

scholarly journals Az infekciókontroll mérföldkövei – történelmi kitekintés

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (21) ◽  
pp. 313-323
Author(s):  
Ágnes Glózik
Keyword(s):  
Infectious Diseases ◽  
Infection Control ◽  
Nosocomial Infections ◽  
Healthcare Associated Infections ◽  
Important Goal ◽  
Hospital Acquired Infections ◽  
History Of ◽  
Healthcare Associated ◽  
Hospital Acquired

Infectious diseases and epidemics associated since ever the men’s history. In each historical age, arose different methods and theories about treating and preventing infectious diseases. It is important to separate hospital-acquired infections and community-acquired infectious diseases. Within epidemiology, a specific branch deals with nosocomial infections. The most important goal is their prevention named as infection control. To be able to assess the extent of current progress in nosocomial infections, it is important to understand the history of infection control, which is nowadays a worldwide program because healthcare-associated infections affected hundreds of millions of patients every year.

scholarly journals Gambaran Pelaksanaan Program Pencegahan dan Pengendalian Infeksi Di Rumah Sakit Umum X Kota Y

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 182
Author(s):  
Mike Rismayanti ◽  
Hardisman Hardisman
Keyword(s):  
Healthcare Associated Infections ◽  
Hospital Acquired Infections ◽  
Healthcare Associated ◽  
Hospital Acquired ◽  
Community Acquired Infection

Infeksi yang terjadi di rumah sakit disebut juga infeksi nosokomial atau Hospital Acquired Infections (HAI’s) merupakan problem yang serius bagi kesehatan masyarakat. HAI’s merupakan infeksi yang didapat pasien selama menjalani prosedur perawatan dan tindakan medis di pelayanan kesehatan setelah ≥ 48 jam dan setelah ≤ 30 hari setelah keluar dari fasilitas kesehatan. Berdasarkan sumber infeksi, maka infeksi dapat berasal dari masyarakat/komunitas (Community Acquired Infection) atau dari rumah sakit (Healthcare-Associated Infections/HAIs). Tujuan penelitian ini adalah melihat gambaran umum pelaksanaan program pencegahan dan pengendalian infeksi di Rumah Sakit Umum X. Pencegahan dan Pengendalian Infeksi di Rumah Sakit (PPIRS) sangat penting karena menggambarkan mutu pelayanan rumah sakit juga untuk melindungi pasien, petugas, pengunjung dan keluarga dari resiko tertularnya infeksi. Infeksi yang terjadi di rumah sakit tidak saja dapat dikendalikan tetapi juga dapat dicegah dengan melakukan langkah-langkah yang sesuai dengan prosedur dan pedoman yang berlaku. Untuk meminimalkan resiko terjadinya infeksi di rumah sakit perlu diterapkan program Pencegahan dan Pengendalian Infeksi (PPI), yaitu kegiatan yang meliputi perencanaan, pelaksanaan, pembinaan, pendidikan, pelatihan, monitoring dan evaluasi.

scholarly journals Epidemiology and management of healthcare-associated bloodstream infections in non-neutropenic immunosuppressed patients: a review of the literature

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (6) ◽  
pp. 171-191 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nursel Calik Basaran ◽  
Sibel Ascioglu
Keyword(s):  
Considerable Increase ◽  
Bloodstream Infections ◽  
Hiv Infections ◽  
Healthcare Associated Infections ◽  
Review Of The Literature ◽  
Hospital Acquired Infections ◽  
Healthcare Settings ◽  
Immunosuppressed Patients ◽  
Healthcare Associated ◽  
Hospital Acquired

Advancements in medicine have led to a considerable increase in the proportion of patients living with severe chronic diseases, malignancies, and HIV infections. Most of these conditions are associated with acquired immune-deficient states and treatment-related immunosuppression. Although infections as a result of neutropenia have long been recognized and strategies for management were developed, non-neutropenic immunosuppression has been overlooked. Recently, community-acquired infections in patients with frequent, significant exposure to healthcare settings and procedures have been classified as ‘healthcare-associated infections’ since they are more similar to hospital-acquired infections. Most of the non-neutropenic immunosuppressed patients have frequent contact with the healthcare system due to their chronic and severe diseases. In this review, we focus on the healthcare-associated bloodstream infections in the most common non-neutropenic immunosuppressive states and provide an update of the recent evidence for the management of these infections.

scholarly journals Gambaran Pelaksanaan Program Pencegahan dan Pengendalian Infeksi Di Rumah Sakit Umum X Kota Y

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 182
Author(s):  
Mike Rismayanti ◽  
Hardisman Hardisman
Keyword(s):  
Healthcare Associated Infections ◽  
Hospital Acquired Infections ◽  
Healthcare Associated ◽  
Hospital Acquired ◽  
Community Acquired Infection

Infeksi yang terjadi di rumah sakit disebut juga infeksi nosokomial atau Hospital Acquired Infections (HAI’s) merupakan problem yang serius bagi kesehatan masyarakat. HAI’s merupakan infeksi yang didapat pasien selama menjalani prosedur perawatan dan tindakan medis di pelayanan kesehatan setelah ≥ 48 jam dan setelah ≤ 30 hari setelah keluar dari fasilitas kesehatan. Berdasarkan sumber infeksi, maka infeksi dapat berasal dari masyarakat/komunitas (Community Acquired Infection) atau dari rumah sakit (Healthcare-Associated Infections/HAIs). Tujuan penelitian ini adalah melihat gambaran umum pelaksanaan program pencegahan dan pengendalian infeksi di Rumah Sakit Umum X. Pencegahan dan Pengendalian Infeksi di Rumah Sakit (PPIRS) sangat penting karena menggambarkan mutu pelayanan rumah sakit juga untuk melindungi pasien, petugas, pengunjung dan keluarga dari resiko tertularnya infeksi. Infeksi yang terjadi di rumah sakit tidak saja dapat dikendalikan tetapi juga dapat dicegah dengan melakukan langkah-langkah yang sesuai dengan prosedur dan pedoman yang berlaku. Untuk meminimalkan resiko terjadinya infeksi di rumah sakit perlu diterapkan program Pencegahan dan Pengendalian Infeksi (PPI), yaitu kegiatan yang meliputi perencanaan, pelaksanaan, pembinaan, pendidikan, pelatihan, monitoring dan evaluasi.

Healthcare associated infections caused by non-fermenting Gram negative rods (NFGNR): six years of experience of a tertiary hospital

2013 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 06-12
Author(s):  
Zahidul Hasan ◽  
Md. Kamrul Islam ◽  
Arifa Hossain
Keyword(s):  
Blood Stream Infection ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Blood Stream ◽  
Tertiary Hospital ◽  
Healthcare Associated Infections ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
Acinetobacter Spp ◽  
Tract Infections ◽  
Healthcare Associated

Recently non-fermenting Gram negative rods (NFGNR) are playing an important role in healthcare associated infections. This observational study in a tertiary care hospital of Dhaka city conducted during 01August 2007 to 30 June 2013 found that 34.8% isolated organisms from patients with healthcare associated infections were NFGNR. Majority (74.3 %) of these infections were occurring inside critical care areas. Pseudomonas and Acinetobacter together constituted 79.6% of the total NFGNR whereas Burkholderia cephacia complex (15.4%), Stenotrophomonas (4.3%) and Chryseobacterium species (0.7%) combined constituted remaining 20.4%. Out of total NFGNRs, Pseudomonas was responsible for highest number of catheter associated urinary tract infections (55.6%), ventilator associated pneumonia (46.3%), respiratory tract infection (65.8%) and surgical site infection (70.6%). Blood stream infection was predominantly caused by Burkholderia cephacia complex (33.5%) and Acinetobacter spp. (39.5%). Other than colistin most of the organisms were resistant to antibiotics commonly recommended for NFGNR.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjmm.v7i2.19326 Bangladesh J Med Microbiol 2013; 07(02): 6-12

Epidemiology and antimicrobial resistance of Acinetobacter

2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (4) ◽  
pp. 46-59
Author(s):  
A.G. Salmanov ◽  
O.M. Verner ◽  
L.F. Slepova
Keyword(s):  
Antibiotic Resistance ◽  
Laboratory Testing ◽  
Immunocompromised Host ◽  
Clinical Problem ◽  
Healthcare Associated Infections ◽  
Opportunistic Bacteria ◽  
Acinetobacter Spp ◽  
Healthcare Associated ◽  
Major Clinical Problem

Species of the Acinetobacter represent opportunistic bacteria with a growing clinical significance for Healthcare-associated infections (HAIs). In this literature review, we focus on the current role of Acinetobacter in infectious pathology and describe taxonomy, pathogenicity, and antibiotic resistance of these bacteria. Pathogenesis and regulation of virulence factors in Acinetobacter spp. are described in detail. The majority of acinetobacterial infections are associated with A. baumannii and occur predominantly in an immunocompromised host. Usually, acinetobacterial  infections  are characterized by local purulent inflammation; in severe cases, meningitis and sepsis may develop. Antibiotic resistance of Acinetobacter is a major clinical problem; therefore we give special attention to laboratory testing of resistance to antibiotics as well as identification of Acinetobacter.

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