Healthcare associated infections caused by non-fermenting Gram negative rods (NFGNR): six years of experience of a tertiary hospital

2013 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 06-12
Author(s):  
Zahidul Hasan ◽  
Md. Kamrul Islam ◽  
Arifa Hossain
Keyword(s):  
Blood Stream Infection ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Blood Stream ◽  
Tertiary Hospital ◽  
Healthcare Associated Infections ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
Acinetobacter Spp ◽  
Tract Infections ◽  
Healthcare Associated

Recently non-fermenting Gram negative rods (NFGNR) are playing an important role in healthcare associated infections. This observational study in a tertiary care hospital of Dhaka city conducted during 01August 2007 to 30 June 2013 found that 34.8% isolated organisms from patients with healthcare associated infections were NFGNR. Majority (74.3 %) of these infections were occurring inside critical care areas. Pseudomonas and Acinetobacter together constituted 79.6% of the total NFGNR whereas Burkholderia cephacia complex (15.4%), Stenotrophomonas (4.3%) and Chryseobacterium species (0.7%) combined constituted remaining 20.4%. Out of total NFGNRs, Pseudomonas was responsible for highest number of catheter associated urinary tract infections (55.6%), ventilator associated pneumonia (46.3%), respiratory tract infection (65.8%) and surgical site infection (70.6%). Blood stream infection was predominantly caused by Burkholderia cephacia complex (33.5%) and Acinetobacter spp. (39.5%). Other than colistin most of the organisms were resistant to antibiotics commonly recommended for NFGNR.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjmm.v7i2.19326 Bangladesh J Med Microbiol 2013; 07(02): 6-12

scholarly journals MICROORGANISMS VARIANTS FOR HEALTHCARE-ASSOCIATED INFECTIONS IN A SELECTED TERTIARY CARE HOSPITAL

2021 ◽  
pp. 22-25
Author(s):  
SARALA KS ◽  
NANDAKUMAR BS ◽  
NARENDRANATH V
Keyword(s):  
Blood Stream Infection ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Blood Stream ◽  
Microbial Flora ◽  
Healthcare Associated Infections ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Mortality And Morbidity ◽  
Set Up ◽  
Healthcare Associated

Objective: Microorganisms are minute and can be only in microscope and these are not visible to naked eyes. Various types of microbe include bacteria, virus, fungi, and protozoa. These microorganisms are subclassified and these are disease causing leading to mortality and morbidity. Healthcare-associated infections (HAIs) arise from different variants of microbes and knowing the category of microbes for treating the diseases with specific antibiotics is important for better patient outcome. Methods: Using secondary data, all the patients who had HAI for 3 years were taken into consideration by considering the different variants of microorganisms. Results: Retrospective data collected for the period of 3 years the inpatients who got admitted for more than 48 h of duration, the data collected included the parameters for various microorganisms such as Bacilli, cocci, Klebsiella, Acinetobacter, and Aures, other micro-organisms such as Escherichia coli, Citrobacter, and Pseudomonas microorganisms. Bacilli group of microorganisms was more common for urinary tract infection, blood stream infection, and ventilator-associated pneumonia. Aures was more common among surgical site infection infections. Conclusions: Most of the patients who had an HAI had two or more different kind of microorganisms which are responsible for spreading infection. There is a need to control microbial flora in the hospital set up as the rate of HAI increases with microbial flora.

Comparison of Hospitalwide Surveillance and Targeted Intensive Care Unit Surveillance of Healthcare-Associated Infections

2007 ◽  
Vol 28 (12) ◽  
pp. 1361-1366 ◽  
Author(s):  
David J. Weber ◽  
Emily E. Sickbert-Bennett ◽  
Vickie Brown ◽  
William A. Rutala
Keyword(s):  
Intensive Care ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Surveillance Data ◽  
Healthcare Associated Infections ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Surgical Services ◽  
Control And Prevention ◽  
Step Down ◽  
Tract Infections ◽  
Healthcare Associated

Objectives.To assess the surveillance coverage obtained with Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC)-recommended surveillance of healthcare-associated infections (HAIs), which is focused on intensive care units (ICUs) and emphasizes device-related infections (ie, those associated with central venous catheters, ventilators, and/or urinary catheters), compared with the surveillance coverage achieved by comprehensive hospitalwide surveillance. In addition, we assessed whether the infection rates in step-down units more resemble those in wards or ICUs.Methods.Review of prospectively obtained, comprehensive hospitalwide surveillance data from 2004 through 2005 for an acute care tertiary care hospital with approximately 700 beds. Surveillance data was obtained by trained infection control professionals using standard CDC criteria for HAIs.Results.CDC-recommended ICU surveillance for catheter-related bloodstream infection (BSI) and ventilator-associated pneumonia would have detected only 87 (21.4%) of 407 catheter-related BSIs and only 66 (37.9%) of 174 respiratory tract infections that occurred in the medical and surgical services. Only 31 (34.8%) of 89 infections caused by methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus and 7 (31.8%) of 22 infections caused by vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus occurred in our adult ICUs.Conclusions.Rates of HAIs were highest in the ICUs, intermediate in step-down units, and lowest in the wards. The rates of infections in the step-down units were more similar to those in the wards than to those in the ICUs. To prevent HAIs, more comprehensive surveillance may be indicated.

Epidemiology of nosocomial infections in medicine intensive care unit at a tertiary care hospital in northern India

2008 ◽  
Vol 38 (4) ◽  
pp. 233-235 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shabina Habibi ◽  
Naveet Wig ◽  
Sunil Agarwal ◽  
Surendra K Sharma ◽  
Rakesh Lodha ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Intensive Care ◽  
Nosocomial Infections ◽  
Prospective Observational Study ◽  
Tertiary Care Hospital ◽  
Blood Stream Infection ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Blood Stream ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Northern India ◽  
Third Generation Cephalosporins

This prospective observational study describes the rates of nosocomial infections (NI), the sites of infection, the pathogens involved, their antibiogram and the risk factors at a tertiary care hospital in northern India. In 62 of the 182 enrolled patients 95 episodes of NI were recorded (incidence rate 28.6/1000 person days): pneumonia (77%); urinary tract infection (24%) and blood stream infection (24%). All isolates of Acinetobacter, Pseudomonas and Klebsiella and 83.3% of Escherichia coli were resistant to the third generation cephalosporins. An increased duration of the time spent in intensive care units and days of intervention were associated with incident NI.

scholarly journals ANTIBACTERIAL SURVEILLANCE: AN APPROACH TO MITIGATING MULTI-DRUG RESISTANCE MENACE AMONG CLINICAL UROPATHOGENS IN EKITI STATE, NIGERIA

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 10
Author(s):  
Seye Julius Oladeji ◽  
Gbenga Victor Kayejo
Keyword(s):  
Antibiotic Resistance ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Multi Drug Resistance ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
Microbiological Methods ◽  
Resistance Patterns ◽  
Etiological Agents ◽  
Tract Infections ◽  
Urine Specimens

Urinary tract infections (UTIs) are among the most common human infections with the distribution of etiological agents and antibiotic resistance patterns varying from region to region and from time to time. The aims of this study were to ascertain the prevalence and antibiotic resistance profiles of common Gram-negative uropathogens among patients attending a Tertiary Care Hospital in Ekiti State, Nigeria. One hundred and fifty clean-catch midstream urine specimens were obtained and cultured within 2 hours of collection for the detection of Gram-negative uropathogens. The isolated organisms were identified by standard microbiological methods. Of the total 150 urine specimens analyzed, 82 (54.67%) specimens were positive for Gram-negative uropathogen with significant bacteriuria of which 34 (41.46%) were males and 48 (58.54%) were females. Klebsiella spp. 38 (46.34%) and Escherichia coli 32 (39.02%) were the most frequently isolated Gram-negative uropathogens, followed by Proteus mirabilis 10 (12.20%) while the least occurring uropathogen was observed to be Pseudomonas aeruginosa 2 (2.44%). All the isolated uropathogens were observed to be highly resistant to the commonly prescribed antibiotics. Emerging resistance to carbapenems was also observed. Nevertheless, carbapenems showed highest susceptibility compared to other tested antibiotics. Conclusively, high levels of resistance of uropathogens to antibiotics exist in our setting. This therefore calls for continuous antibiotic surveillance and improved antibiotic stewardship.  

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