scholarly journals 454. Perinatal Risk Factors Associated with Skin Infection Hospitalisation in Western Australian Aboriginal and Non-Aboriginal Children

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (Supplement_2) ◽  
pp. S223-S223
Author(s):  
Rosanne Barnes ◽  
Asha C Bowen ◽  
Roz Walker ◽  
Steven Y C Tong ◽  
Jodie McVernon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Maternal Smoking ◽  
Skin Infection ◽  
Perinatal Risk Factors ◽  
Perinatal Risk ◽  
Smoking During Pregnancy ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Maternal Smoking During Pregnancy ◽  
Aboriginal Children ◽  
Western Australian

Abstract Background Hospitalisation with skin infection in Western Australian (WA) Aboriginal children is common, with the highest rates in infants and children from remote WA. We aimed to quantify infant, maternal, and sociodemographic risk factors for skin infection hospitalization in WA children, focusing on Aboriginal children aged <17 years. Methods We conducted a retrospective population-based cohort study with linked perinatal and hospitalization data on WA-born children (1996–2012), of whom 31,348 (6.7%) were Aboriginal. We used Cox regression to calculate adjusted hazard ratios and associated population attributable fractions (PAFs) for perinatal factors attributed to the first hospitalization with skin infection. To identify specific risk factors for early-onset infection, we further restricted the cohort to infants aged <1 year. Results Overall, 5,439 (17.4%) Aboriginal and 6,750 (1.5%) non-Aboriginal children were hospitalized at least once with a skin infection. Aboriginal infants aged <1 year had the highest skin infection hospitalization rate (63.2/1,000 child-years). The strongest risk factors in Aboriginal children aged <17 years were socio-economic disadvantage, very remote location at birth and multi-parity (≥3 previous pregnancies) accounting for 24%, 23% and 15% of skin infection hospitalizations, respectively. Other risk factors included maternal age <20 years, maternal smoking during pregnancy and low birthweight. Conclusion We have quantified the relative influence of perinatal risk factors associated with skin infection hospitalizations in WA children, providing measures indicating which factors have the potential to reduce the most hospitalizations. Our evidence supports existing calls for substantial government investment in addressing underlying social and environmental barriers to healthy skin in WA Aboriginal children but also identifies potential areas to target health promotion messaging at individuals/families on maternal smoking during pregnancy and skin hygiene for families. Disclosures All authors: No reported disclosures.

scholarly journals Perinatal Risk Factors Associated With Gastroenteritis Hospitalizations in Aboriginal and Non-Aboriginal Children in Western Australia (2000–2012)

2019 ◽  
Vol 38 (2) ◽  
pp. 169-175 ◽  
Author(s):  
Parveen Fathima ◽  
Thomas Laurence Snelling ◽  
Nicholas de Klerk ◽  
Deborah Lehmann ◽  
Christopher Charles Blyth ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Western Australia ◽  
Perinatal Risk Factors ◽  
Perinatal Risk ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Aboriginal Children

scholarly journals PERINATAL RISK FACTORS ASSOCIATED WITH BIRTH ASPHYXIA AMONG TERM NEONATES AT COUNTY REFFERAL HOSPITAL, KENYA.

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (7) ◽  
pp. 10-20 ◽  
Author(s):  
Erick Kibai ◽  
◽  
Dinda Victor ◽  
Charles Mutai ◽  
John Arudo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Birth Asphyxia ◽  
Term Neonates ◽  
Perinatal Risk Factors ◽  
Perinatal Risk ◽  
Factors Associated

Contribution of prenatal factors and in formation of asthma phenotypes in children (part I)

2016 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 47-56 ◽  
Author(s):  
Liudmila A Zhelenina ◽  
Anna N Galustyan ◽  
Natalya B Platonova ◽  
Mariya V Kuropatenko
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Bronchial Asthma ◽  
Maternal Smoking ◽  
Significant Risk ◽  
Low Frequency ◽  
Asthma Phenotype ◽  
Smoking During Pregnancy ◽  
Asthma Phenotypes ◽  
Maternal Smoking During Pregnancy ◽  
Hyperimmunoglobulinemia E

Results of the prospective study conducted to assess the perinatal risk factors contribution in the asthma phenotypes formation in childhood are presented. Of 712 children, which have been observed from the first wheezing onset in St Petersburg’s state ambulances, 238 children with bronchial asthma developed in later years of life were included in random sample. Bronchial asthma proceeded in the structure of atopic disease in 128 children (phenotype ABA), and as the part of the limited allergic lesion of respiratory tract - in 110 children (phenotype RBA). It was found that bronchial asthma in mother, especially mother’s asthma with the early age onset, pregnancy pathology and maternal Smoking during pregnancy are the most significant risk factors which contribute in formation of ABA asthma phenotype. Maternal Smoking during pregnancy increased the frequency of severe asthma with ABA phenotype in the offspring during next years of their life. Clinically, the ABA phenotype is characterized by more frequent debut at the age of 1 year and usually diagnosed before 7 years of age, the presence of food sensitization in 70-90 % of cases, and a high level of hyperimmunoglobulinemia E. Such triggers as the Cesarean delivery, absence of the breastfeeding and exposure to tobacco products in the first years of life are the most significant risk factors in formation of the RBA asthma phenotype. The absence of allergic diseases in both parents or allergic ллерголог in mothers, later age debut and diagnosis of asthma, extremely low frequency of food sensibilization (less than 15 %), high frequency of hyperresponsivity, and low frequency of hyperimmunoglobulinemia E, exceeds the norm in 2 times are the typical features of RBA asthma phenotype.

scholarly journals Perinatal Risk Factors and Genu Valgum Conduce to the Onset of "Growing Pains" in Early Childhood

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Angelos Kaspiris ◽  
Efstathios Chronopoulos ◽  
Elias Vasiliadis
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Corticosteroid Treatment ◽  
Genu Valgum ◽  
Perinatal Factors ◽  
Mineral Density ◽  
Perinatal Risk Factors ◽  
Perinatal Risk ◽  
Smoking During Pregnancy ◽  
Growing Pains ◽  
History Of

The most prevalent musculoskeletal disorder of childhood with unclear aetiology is Growing Pains (GPs). Anatomic deformities and factors that change bone turnover are implicated in GPs pathophysiology. Perinatal risk factors alter the bone metabolism affecting the bone mineral density and content. The aim of our study was to analyze the relationship between GPs, knock knees and perinatal factors. The examined population consisted of 276 children aged 3-7 years. Among them 10 pairs of dizygotic twins were evaluated. The data were collected by using a combination of semi-structured questionnaires, clinical examinations and medical charts of the children and the obstetric history of the mothers. 78 children presented GPs meeting Peterson&rsquo;s criteria. Genu valgum severity was a significant factor for GPs manifestation and for their increased frequency and intensity. Subsequently, perinatal factors regarding gestational age, Apgar score, head circumference (lower than 33cm) and birth length or weight (smaller than 50 cm and 3000gr, respectively) made a remarkable contribution to the development of GPs. Conversely, antenatal corticosteroid treatment, increased maternal age and maternal smoking during pregnancy were not predictive for the disorder. Our data are potentially supportive for the &ldquo;bone strength&rdquo; theory and for the contribution of anatomical disturbances in GPs appearance.

scholarly journals The interaction of sociodemographic risk factors and measures of nicotine dependence in predicting maternal smoking during pregnancy

2019 ◽  
Vol 198 ◽  
pp. 168-175 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexandra N. Houston-Ludlam ◽  
Kathleen K. Bucholz ◽  
Julia D. Grant ◽  
Mary Waldron ◽  
Pamela A.F. Madden ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Nicotine Dependence ◽  
Maternal Smoking ◽  
Smoking During Pregnancy ◽  
Sociodemographic Risk ◽  
Maternal Smoking During Pregnancy

Maternal Smoking during Pregnancy Is Associated with Offspring Hypodontia

2017 ◽  
Vol 96 (9) ◽  
pp. 1014-1019 ◽  
Author(s):  
A.H. Al-Ani ◽  
J.S. Antoun ◽  
W.M. Thomson ◽  
T.R. Merriman ◽  
M. Farella
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Environmental Risk ◽  
Maternal Smoking ◽  
Environmental Risk Factors ◽  
Second Hand Smoke ◽  
Socioeconomic Background ◽  
Caffeine Consumption ◽  
Smoking During Pregnancy ◽  
Maternal Smoking During Pregnancy ◽  
Study Designs

Little is known about environmental risk factors for hypodontia. The objective of this study was to investigate the association between hypodontia and common environmental risk factors, such as maternal smoking and alcohol and caffeine consumption during pregnancy. Eighty-nine hypodontia cases with 1 or more missing permanent lateral incisors and/or 1 or more missing premolars were enrolled in this clinic-based case-control study. Some 253 controls with no missing teeth were frequency matched to cases by age and sex. Hypodontia was diagnosed using panoramic radiographs. Sociodemographic data were collected from both the participants and their mothers, with maternal self-reported active and passive smoking, as well as alcohol and caffeine consumption during pregnancy, assessed by a questionnaire. Odds ratios (ORs) and their 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated with logistic regression to assess the strength of association between risk factors and hypodontia. OR estimates were then adjusted for possible confounders, such as maternal age at delivery, sex and gestational age of the child, and household socioeconomic background. Significant associations were found between hypodontia and maternal cigarette use during pregnancy, as well as the number of cigarettes smoked per day. The consumption of 10 or more cigarettes per day during pregnancy was associated with greater odds of having a child with hypodontia (adjusted OR, 4.18; 95% CI, 1.48–11.80; P = 0.007). Observed associations between hypodontia, second-hand smoke, and alcohol and caffeine consumption were not statistically significant. Maternal smoking during pregnancy is associated with hypodontia. Larger samples and prospective observational study designs, however, are needed to investigate this association further.

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