Developing a Culture of Opioid Stewardship

2019 ◽  
pp. 307-322 ◽  
Author(s):  
Allison Michalowski ◽  
Sarah Boateng ◽  
Michael R. Fraser ◽  
Rachel L. Levine
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Health Care Professionals ◽  
Law Enforcement Agencies ◽  
Active Involvement ◽  
Health Practitioners ◽  
Prescribe Opioid ◽  
Patient Groups ◽  
Opioid Medications ◽  
Public Health Practitioners ◽  
Effective Spread

The goal of opioid stewardship is to provide public health practitioners and health care professionals with the education and tools they need to appropriately prescribe opioid medications to patients for whom an opioid is indicated and to reduce the overall supply of unused opioid medications that might be diverted and used by individuals other than the intended patient. In this chapter, the Pennsylvania Department of Health’s experience with developing a comprehensive opioid stewardship approach illustrates that creating a statewide culture of opioid stewardship is a process requiring active involvement of health care professionals, provider and patient groups, law enforcement agencies, academic institutions and large health systems, state policymakers and politicians, and the general public. By analyzing Pennsylvania’s experience of building a culture of opioid stewardship, other states can learn how to foster opioid stewardship to ensure its effective spread across the nation.

scholarly journals Novel Tools Supporting Knowledge Translation for Public Health Practice in British Columbia, Canada

2017 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Joanne Stares ◽  
Jenny Sutherland
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Health Care ◽  
Air Quality ◽  
Public Health Practice ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Data Sets ◽  
Health Practice ◽  
Notifiable Diseases ◽  
Health Practitioners ◽  
Public Health Practitioners

ABSTRACT ObjectivesUnderlying the delivery of services by the universal Canadian health care system are a number of rich secondary administrative health data sets which contain information on persons who are registered for care and details on their contacts with the system. These datasets are powerful sources of information for investigation of non-notifiable diseases and as an adjunct to traditional communicable disease surveillance. However, there are gaps between public health practitioners, access to these data, and access to experts in the use of these secondary data. The data linkage requires in-depth knowledge of these data including usages, limitations and data quality issues and also the skills to extract data to support secondary usage. OLAP reports have been developed to support operation needs but not on advanced analytics reports for surveillance and cohort study. To fill these gaps, we developed a set of web-based modular, parameterized, extraction and reporting tools for the purpose of: 1) decreasing the time and resources necessary to fill general secondary data requests for public health audiences; 2) quickly providing information from descriptive analysis of secondary data to public health practitioners; 3) informing the development of data feeds for continued enhanced surveillance or further data access requests; 4) assisting in preliminary stages of epidemiological investigations of non-notifiable diseases; and, 5) facilitating access to information from secondary data for evidence-based decision making in public health. ApproachWe intend to present these tools by case study of their application to small area analysis of secondary data in the context of air quality concerns. Data sources include individuals registered for health care coverage in BC, hospital separations, physician consultations, chronic disease registries, and drugs dispensation. Data sets contain complete information from 1992. Data were extracted and analyzed to describe the occurrence of health service utilization for cardiovascular and respiratory morbidity. Analysis was undertaken for BC residents in areas identified by local public health as priorities for monitoring. Health outcomes were directly standardized by age and compared to provincial trends by use of the comparative morbidity figure. ResultsResults will include descriptive epidemiological analysis of secondary data relating to respiratory and cardiovascular morbidity in the context of air quality concerns, summary of next steps, as well as an assessment of tool performance. ConclusionsWhere adopted tools such as these can make information from secondary data more accessible to support public health practice, particularly in regions with low analytical or epidemiological capacity.

scholarly journals Service Users’ Involvement and Engagement in Interprofessional Care

2016 ◽  
Vol 55 (204) ◽  
pp. 103-106
Author(s):  
Bachchu Kailash Kaini
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Health Care Professionals ◽  
Public Involvement ◽  
Healthcare Professionals ◽  
Service Users ◽  
Team Collaboration ◽  
Active Involvement ◽  
Interprofessional Care ◽  
Joint Decisions

Interprofessional care is joint working between health care professionals by pooling their skills, knowledge and expertise, to make joint decisions and learn from each other for the benefits of service users and healthcare professionals. Service users involvement is considered as one of the important aspects of planning, management and decision making process in the delivery of health care to service users. Service users’ involvement is not the same as public involvement and partnership arrangements in health care. The active involvement and engagement of service users in health care positively contributes to improve quality of care, to promote better health and to shape the future of health services. Service users are always at the centre of health care professionals’ values, work ethics and roles. Moreover, service users centred interprofessional team collaboration is very important to deliver effective health services.Keywords: interprofessional; service users; health care; benefits; collaboration. | PubMed

Regulatory theory: commercially sustainable markets rely upon satisfying the public interest in obtaining credible goods

2017 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 471-493 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amanda Warren-Jones
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Public Interest ◽  
Health Care Professionals ◽  
Economic Benefits ◽  
Market Growth ◽  
Safety Standards ◽  
The Public ◽  
Market Risks ◽  
Patient Groups ◽  
Economic Perspectives

AbstractRegulatory theory is premised on the failure of markets, prompting a focus on regulators and industry from economic perspectives. This article argues that overlooking the public interest in the sustainability of commercial markets risks markets failing completely. This point is exemplified through health care markets – meeting an essential need – and focuses upon innovative medicines as the most desired products in that market. If this seemingly invulnerable market risks failure, there is a pressing need to consider the public interest in sustainable markets within regulatory literature and practice. Innovative medicines are credence goods, meaning that the sustainability of the market fundamentally relies upon the public trusting regulators to vouch for product quality. Yet, quality is being eroded by patent bodies focused on economic benefits from market growth, rather than ensuring innovatory value. Remunerative bodies are not funding medicines relative to market value, and market authorisation bodies are not vouching for robust safety standards or confining market entry to products for ‘unmet medical need’. Arguably, this failure to assure quality heightens the risk of the market failing where it cannot be substituted by the reputation or credibility of providers of goods and/or information such as health care professionals/institutions, patient groups or industry.

scholarly journals What makes a mobile app successful in supporting health behaviour change?

2016 ◽  
Vol 76 (3) ◽  
pp. 373-381 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martin Fitzgerald ◽  
Tracy McClelland
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Behaviour Change ◽  
Health Care Professionals ◽  
Behavioural Change ◽  
Health Behaviours ◽  
Mobile App ◽  
Design Stage ◽  
The Public ◽  
Health Practitioners ◽  
Screening And Identification

Introduction: Health promotion apps designed to support and reinforce health behaviours or to reduce risk behaviours are the most commonly downloaded apps. Such technologies have the potential to reach and deliver health care to new populations. But the extent to which they are successful in enabling the adoption of new and desired behaviours can vary. Some apps are more effective than others, some are free to download while others require a nominal or substantial charge. Cost alone is not indicative of quality or effectiveness. This is important because the use of health apps by the public will likely increase, as is the expectation that health care professionals understand this technology and its heuristic role in personalised health. Practitioners therefore need to be better informed regarding what makes a health app appealing to service users and successful as an intervention to facilitate behaviour change. Objective: This paper describes and discusses how the structure and content of health care apps can facilitate or inhibit behavioural change. The aim is to support practitioners in the screening and identification of suitable apps for clinical use. Method: Theory and literature review. Conclusion: App content that involved clinician input at the design stage and included internal drivers such as motivation, self-efficacy and illness understanding and external drivers such as illness information, social networking and user compatibility tend to do better in facilitating behaviour change than those that do not. Of these factors, motivation is considered to be the most important.

Limiting Care: Is CPR for Everyone?

1990 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 161-168 ◽  
Author(s):  
Crystal Brown
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Acute Stroke ◽  
End Of Life ◽  
Health Care Professionals ◽  
Metastatic Cancer ◽  
Moral Discourse ◽  
Specific Patient ◽  
End Of Life Decisions ◽  
Patient Advocate ◽  
Patient Groups

Current research on the efficacy of CPR in specific patient groups may lead to the withholding of CPR in groups that statistically show minimal success. Prognosticative factors that indicate minimal-at-best success with CPR include age greater than 70, dysrhythmias such as asystole and electromechanical dissociation, sepsis, metastatic cancer, GI hemorrhage, and acute stroke. Although physicians are under no legal or ethical obligation to provide futile treatments, how one defines a treatment as “futile” is unclear. As a patient advocate, the nurse acts to ensure the autonomous patient is fully informed, freely consenting, and actively directing his/her own health care. End-of-life decisions regarding health care must be based on the patient’s goals, which will be revealed through the moral discourse among health care professionals, patients, and their loved ones.

scholarly journals COVID-19: Evidenced Health Disparity

Encyclopedia ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
pp. 744-763
Author(s):  
Ayodeji Iyanda ◽  
Kwadwo Boakye ◽  
Yongmei Lu
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Health Care ◽  
Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome ◽  
Health Disparity ◽  
Data Science ◽  
Disease Outbreak ◽  
Social Scientists ◽  
Health Practitioners ◽  
Optimal Health ◽  
Public Health Practitioners

Health disparity is an unacceptable, unjust, or inequitable difference in health outcomes among different groups of people that affects access to optimal health care, as well as deterring it. Health disparity adversely affects disadvantaged subpopulations due to a higher incidence and prevalence of a particular disease or ill health. Existing health disparity determines whether a disease outbreak such as coronavirus disease 2019, caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), will significantly impact a group or a region. Hence, health disparity assessment has become one of the focuses of many agencies, public health practitioners, and other social scientists. Successful elimination of health disparity at all levels requires pragmatic approaches through an intersectionality framework and robust data science.

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