Measuring Broadband and Its Impacts

2021 ◽  
pp. 47-59
Author(s):  
John B. Horrigan
Keyword(s):  
Survey Research ◽  
Behavioral Change ◽  
Evaluation Studies ◽  
Panel Study ◽  
The Core ◽  
Relevant Evidence ◽  
Research Findings ◽  
Local Officials ◽  
Recommendations For Practice ◽  
Panel Studies

One of the core methods used in many evaluation studies is survey research. This chapter discusses the challenges of measuring behavioral change and the impacts of broadband use through surveys and addresses how evaluators can get the most from repeated surveys (pre- and post-studies and panel studies). This chapter draws on lessons from a national panel study of participants that included nearly two thousand Internet Essentials users and was uniquely positioned to examine the experience of individuals and families who moved from being non-adopters to broadband adopters, assessing their adoption and engagement pathways. Such research provides policy-relevant evidence and recommendations for practice. The chapter also discusses how evaluators can work with diverse stakeholders (policymakers, local officials, funders, and others) to encourage evaluation and to assist them in using research findings. What is it that such stakeholders expect or want to know about technology and its impacts on individuals and society?

Collaborative capital budgeting in U.S. local government

2017 ◽  
Vol 29 (2) ◽  
pp. 230-262 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hina Khalid ◽  
David S.T. Matkin ◽  
Ricardo S. Morse
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Local Governments ◽  
Public Management ◽  
Capital Budgeting ◽  
The United States ◽  
Institutional Arrangements ◽  
Significant Heterogeneity ◽  
Management Literature ◽  
Research Findings ◽  
Local Officials

This article explores collaborative capital budgeting in U.S. local governments. To date, the capital budgeting literature has focused on practices within individual governments. This leaves a gap in our understanding because a large portion of capital planning, acquisition, and maintenance occurs through collaboration between two or more local governments. Drawing on the capital budgeting and collaborative public management literature, and on illustrative cases of collaborative capital budgeting in the United States, an inductive approach is used to: (1) identify and categorize the different objectives that motivate local officials to pursue collaborative agreements, (2) examine common patterns in the types of assets involved in collaboration, and (3) discover common institutional arrangements in collaboration agreements. The research findings demonstrate significant heterogeneity in the objectives, patterns, and institutions of collaborative capital budgeting.

scholarly journals Theoretical insights into expression of leadership competencies in the process of management

2017 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 220-226 ◽  
Author(s):  
Regina Andriukaitienė ◽  
Valentyna Voronkova ◽  
Olga Kyvliuk ◽  
Marina Maksimenyuk ◽  
Aita Sakun
Keyword(s):  
Organizational Development ◽  
Scientific Literature ◽  
Leadership Competencies ◽  
Practical Significance ◽  
Literature Analysis ◽  
The Core ◽  
Career Opportunities ◽  
Analysis And Synthesis ◽  
Research Findings ◽  
Leadership Research

The relevance of the topic is defined through the idea that appropriate leadership competencies and their application in certain activities enabling the followers can ensure the prospects of organizational development and individual career opportunities. To review and summarize the aspects of research findings of leadership science in expression of competencies in managerial processes, highlighting the leadership competencies in the context of general competencies. Methods. In order to formulate analytical findings describing the concept of leadership, generalizing the stages of development of theories, expression of leadership competencies and impact, there were used the methods of scientific literature analysis and synthesis as well as simulation. Results. According to the scientists insights, the article deals with leadership concept analysis, leadership research overview according to development stages. Scientific novelty. The analyzed theme has a scientific novelty, because recently there has been more and more discussion about the importance of leadership, but it is important to analyze the core leadership competencies that would predetermine both the findings of decisions of organizations’ managerial processes and positive changes of individual career in the integration in the activities of organizations. Practical significance. The need in leadership competencies is related to the issues of good leadership in organizations. Aiming to implement ideas of modern leadership in organisations, the leader has to have certain characteristics of leadership expressions, such as ability to communicate effectively, respond to the needs of others, and influence the behavior of the followers directing them towards the achieving of the set goals and implementation of the leader’s vision.

scholarly journals Intensive Short-term Dynamic Psychotherapy: A Treatment Overview and Empirical Basis

2013 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 6-15 ◽  
Author(s):  
Allan Abbass ◽  
Joel M. Town ◽  
Ellen Driessen
Keyword(s):  
Therapeutic Process ◽  
Short Term ◽  
The Unconscious ◽  
Dynamic Psychotherapy ◽  
Main Research ◽  
The Core ◽  
The Past ◽  
Character Structure ◽  
Mcgill University ◽  
Research Findings

Based on over forty years of videotaped case-based research, Habib Davanloo of McGill University, Canada, discovered some of the core ingredients that can enable direct and rapid access to the unconscious in resistant3 patients, patients with func-tional disorders, and patients with fragile character structure. We will describe here some of the main research findings that culminated in his description of a central therapeutic process involved in the intensive short-term dynamic psychotherapy (ISTDP) model. We will also describe the evolution of the technique over the past thirty years and summarize the empirical base for Davanloo’s ISTDP.

Understanding job mobility patterns in contemporary China: A comparative study based on the China Family Panel Studies and the Panel Study of Income Dynamics

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. 453-473
Author(s):  
Yang Zhou
Keyword(s):  
Labor Markets ◽  
Panel Study ◽  
Job Mobility ◽  
Skewed Distribution ◽  
Income Dynamics ◽  
Socioeconomically Disadvantaged ◽  
Mobility Patterns ◽  
Contemporary China ◽  
The Usa ◽  
Panel Studies

Based on a comparison between labor markets in China and those in the USA and using data from the China Family Panel Studies and the Panel Study of Income Dynamics, this paper studies the level, distribution and socioeconomic patterns of job mobility in contemporary China. I first discuss the different social contexts in China and the USA that have generated distinct opportunity structures of job mobility. Differences in levels of economic development, cultural traditions and institutional arrangements help to shape different labor markets and job mobility patterns across the two societies. I argue that job mobility is not always as good as we thought. There is a duality of job mobility at both the individual and the societal levels. Second, I develop several indexes and use the percentile share method to analyze job mobility rates by different groups and their uneven distributions. Compared to the USA, I find that China has a lower overall level of job mobility, a more skewed distribution and a higher concentration of mobility in socioeconomically disadvantaged groups, such as the elderly, the less-educated and those of rural origin. The results demonstrate the importance of understanding the duality of mobility; that is, that mobility can be either upward or downward. In contemporary China, socioeconomically disadvantaged people may suffer downward job mobility.

Relational complexity metric is effective when assessments are based on actual cognitive processes

1998 ◽  
Vol 21 (6) ◽  
pp. 848-860 ◽  
Author(s):  
Graeme S. Halford ◽  
William H. Wilson ◽  
Steven Phillips
Keyword(s):  
Complexity Theory ◽  
Cognitive Processes ◽  
Task Complexity ◽  
Developmental Differences ◽  
Connectionist Models ◽  
The Core ◽  
Target Article ◽  
Research Findings ◽  
Core Issue ◽  
Relational Complexity

The core issue of our target article concerns how relational complexity should be assessed. We propose that assessments must be based on actual cognitive processes used in performing each step of a task. Complexity comparisons are important for the orderly interpretation of research findings. The links between relational complexity theory and several other formulations, as well as its implications for neural functioning, connectionist models, the roles of knowledge, and individual and developmental differences, are considered.

scholarly journals “I can, therefore I must”: Fragility in the upper-middle classes

2013 ◽  
Vol 25 (4pt2) ◽  
pp. 1529-1549 ◽  
Author(s):  
Suniya S. Luthar ◽  
Samuel H. Barkin ◽  
Elizabeth J. Crossman
Keyword(s):  
Well Being ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Peer Norms ◽  
Positive Adaptation ◽  
Relevant Evidence ◽  
Research Findings ◽  
Multiple Levels ◽  
Drug And Alcohol ◽  
Gender Specific ◽  
Internalizing And Externalizing

AbstractWe review evidence on a group recently identified as “at risk,” that is, youth in upwardly mobile, upper-middle class community contexts. These youngsters are statistically more likely than normative samples to show serious disturbance across several domains including drug and alcohol use, as well as internalizing and externalizing problems. Extant data on these problems are reviewed with attention to gender-specific patterns, presenting quantitative developmental research findings along with relevant evidence across other disciplines. In considering possible reasons for elevated maladjustment, we appraise multiple pathways, including aspects of family dynamics, peer norms, pressures at schools, and policies in higher education. All of these pathways are considered within the context of broad, exosystemic mores: the pervasive emphasis, in contemporary American culture, on maximizing personal status, and how this can threaten the well-being of individuals and of communities. We then discuss issues that warrant attention in future research. The paper concludes with suggestions for interventions at multiple levels, targeting youth, parents, educators, as well as policymakers, toward reducing pressures and maximizing positive adaptation among “privileged but pressured” youth and their families.

Academic Research on Communications Among External Auditors, the Audit Committee, and the Board: Implications and Recommendations for Practice

2008 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. A1-A8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeffrey Cohen ◽  
Lisa Milici Gaynor ◽  
Ganesh Krishnamoorthy ◽  
Arnold M. Wright
Keyword(s):  
Financial Reporting ◽  
Boards Of Directors ◽  
Audit Committee ◽  
Academic Research ◽  
Reporting Quality ◽  
Audit Committees ◽  
Financial Reporting Quality ◽  
External Auditors ◽  
Research Findings ◽  
Recommendations For Practice

SUMMARY: This article provides a summary of the academic research findings on the attributes of effective audit committees and potential threats to financial reporting quality that should lead to heightened auditor and audit committee sensitivity. The practice implications of this research are then discussed in terms of appropriate communications among auditors, audit committees, and boards of directors.

scholarly journals Non-response bias assessment in logistics survey research: use fewer tests?

2014 ◽  
Vol 44 (5) ◽  
pp. 412-426 ◽  
Author(s):  
Toyin A. Clottey ◽  
Scott J. Grawe
Keyword(s):  
Survey Research ◽  
Response Bias ◽  
Multiple Testing ◽  
Statistical Power ◽  
Statistical Tests ◽  
Research Papers ◽  
Bias Assessment ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Business Logistics ◽  
Research Findings

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to consider the concepts of individual and complete statistical power used for multiple testing and shows their relevance for determining the number of statistical tests to perform when assessing non-response bias. Design/methodology/approach – A statistical power analysis of 55 survey-based research papers published in three prestigious logistics journals (International Journal of Physical Distribution and Logistics Management, Journal of Business Logistics, Transportation Journal) over the last decade was conducted. Findings – Results show that some of the low complete power levels encountered could have been avoided if fewer tests had been used in the assessment of non-response bias. Originality/value – The research offers important recommendations to scholars engaged in survey research as they assess the effects of non-respondents on research findings. By following the recommended strategies for testing non-response bias, researchers can improve the statistical power of their findings.

Current Research Findings on Childhood Autism

1995 ◽  
Vol 40 (6) ◽  
pp. 289-294 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marian Sigman ◽  
Shoshana Arbelle ◽  
Cheryl Dissanayake
Keyword(s):  
Childhood Autism ◽  
The Core ◽  
Sensitive Periods ◽  
Research Findings ◽  
Core Deficits

Objective To review the main areas of current research findings regarding the core deficits in autism and the implications of these findings for the practicing clinician. Method Behavioural, cognitive, emotional and neurophysiological aspects are covered with an emphasis on the importance of methodology. Results The implication of these findings for the treatment of autism is discussed. Conclusion Autism can teach us how we learn about emotions and the possibility of sensitive periods of development.

scholarly journals Mistrust and misinformation: A two-component, socio-epistemic model of belief in conspiracy theories

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 617-641 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joseph M. Pierre
Keyword(s):  
Psychological Research ◽  
Mitigation Strategies ◽  
Core Component ◽  
Conspiracy Theories ◽  
Deficit Model ◽  
The Core ◽  
Two Component ◽  
Research Findings ◽  
Biased Processing ◽  
Epistemic Model

Although conspiracy theories are endorsed by about half the population and occasionally turn out to be true, they are more typically false beliefs that, by definition, have a paranoid theme. Consequently, psychological research to date has focused on determining whether there are traits that account for belief in conspiracy theories (BCT) within a deficit model. Alternatively, a two-component, socio-epistemic model of BCT is proposed that seeks to account for the ubiquity of conspiracy theories, their variance along a continuum, and the inconsistency of research findings likening them to psychopathology. Within this model, epistemic mistrust is the core component underlying conspiracist ideation that manifests as the rejection of authoritative information, focuses the specificity of conspiracy theory beliefs, and can sometimes be understood as a sociocultural response to breaches of trust, inequities of power, and existing racial prejudices. Once voices of authority are negated due to mistrust, the resulting epistemic vacuum can send individuals “down the rabbit hole” looking for answers where they are vulnerable to the biased processing of information and misinformation within an increasingly “post-truth” world. The two-component, socio-epistemic model of BCT argues for mitigation strategies that address both mistrust and misinformation processing, with interventions for individuals, institutions of authority, and society as a whole.

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