“The Dawn of a New Era”

2021 ◽  
pp. 106-132
Author(s):  
Katina Manko
Keyword(s):  
Minimum Wage ◽  
Management Team ◽  
Independent Contractor ◽  
Direct Selling ◽  
Advertising Campaign ◽  
New Era ◽  
Direct Sales ◽  
Efficiency Measures ◽  
National Advertising ◽  
The 1960S

Throughout the 1930s, the California Perfume Company expanded in both numbers of representatives and sales. It introduced the Avon brand of cosmetics and toiletries in 1929 and created new sales strategies, such as two-for-one campaigns, and efficiency measures, such as reducing the sales cycle from four weeks to three. David McConnell’s son and a new management team led by John Ewald, who remained as CEO well into the 1960s, created the company’s first national advertising campaign and a plan to develop city markets. They also spearheaded the efforts by the National Association of Direct Sales Companies to write independent contractor legislation to protect them against new minimum wage and unemployment regulations. The company officially changed its name to Avon in 1939, cementing its place as a leader in direct selling committed to developing women’s entrepreneurial opportunities.

scholarly journals Louis Paul Boon in the New Era of Television in the 1960s

2016 ◽  
Vol 41 (1) ◽  
pp. 57-75
Author(s):  
A. M. A. van den Oever
Keyword(s):  
New Era ◽  
The 1960S

ConclusionCooperation, Collaboration, and Communication in Space

2020 ◽  
pp. 301-308
Author(s):  
Cassandra Steer ◽  
Matthew Hersch
Keyword(s):  
International Security ◽  
Space Environment ◽  
New Era ◽  
The Public ◽  
New Space ◽  
Space Age ◽  
Sound Policy ◽  
Collaboration And Communication ◽  
The 1960S ◽  
Formal Recognition

The creation of the U.S. Space Force at the end of 2019, France’s steps toward creating a similar dedicated military body, and NATO’s formal recognition of space as a military operational zone integral to international security were all markers of the beginning of a new era as of the second decade of this century. Although space-based technologies have been utilized by world militaries since the beginning of the space age in the 1960s, the militarization of space has not been on the public radar to the extent it now is, and the likelihood of space-based conflict has never been greater. At the same time, popular awareness of civil and commercial uses of space has also increased. In short, we are in a New Space Age, one that is equal parts commercial and political, and one which—arguably even more so than the first Space Age—has national and international security interests at its center. The need for ethically sound policy and law at this time is irrefutable, and it is in answer to this need that our contributing authors have tackled various challenging issues, applying their exceptional expertise. In addition to agreement as to current and future threats to national and global security stemming from the use—and misuse—of the space environment, there are many suggested measures for ameliorating the risk of conflict in space. A central theme in all of the chapters is that the best way to avoid capricious use of the space environment in wartime is to create a set of norms in peacetime, recognizing that shared use, rather than dominance, is the preferred outcome for all spacefaring nations.

Alleviation of Fatigue in Renewable Energy Support Structures

2011 ◽  
Author(s):  
Feargal Brennan
Keyword(s):  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Offshore Structures ◽  
Support Structures ◽  
Design Standards ◽  
New Era ◽  
The North ◽  
Current Design ◽  
1960S And 1970S ◽  
The 1960S ◽  
Stress Fatigue

Offshore renewable energy is experiencing an explosion of activity in response to ambitious renewable energy targets, however the drive to increase turbine size in deeper water whilst at the same time to reduce capex and installation costs in addition to the speed of development means there is a danger that structures may be designed and deployed that are inherently prone to fatigue. Offshore structures have come a long way since the pioneering early Oil & Gas jackets in the 1960s and 1970s. In forty years of designing and operating large Oil & Gas structures in the North Sea tremendous changes have occurred in development of advanced numerical modelling of stress, fatigue and loading in addition to vast improvements in steel quality/strength, manufacturing processes and inspection, monitoring and quality control. This paper addresses some of the fundamental areas where current design standards may not be appropriate for renewable energy support structures in this new era of advanced sensors and information systems. It will also discuss advanced fatigue alleviation techniques.

Southern Africa: Regional Politics and Dynamics

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephen Chan
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Southern Africa ◽  
Ethnic Diversity ◽  
Regional Politics ◽  
New Era ◽  
Truth And Reconciliation ◽  
Dominant Party ◽  
Contemporary Politics ◽  
The 1960S ◽  
Almost All

Southern Africa is a region marked by huge tensions caused by the longevity of colonial rule and racial discrimination. Angola, Mozambique, Zimbabwe, and South Africa all achieved independence only years after most of Africa, and only with protracted militarized struggle. Even those countries that did enter independence in the 1960s, alongside most of Africa, were marked by the struggles of their neighbors—Zambia, host to exile liberation movements, was a frequent military target; and wars, sponsored or supported by apartheid South Africa, continued to rage in Angola and Mozambique even after they achieved independence. This has marked the post-independence politics of most countries of the region, almost all of whom have gone through, or remain within, an era of one-party politics or dominant party rule. In part, this can be read as a residual longing for stability. In other part it can be read as a “liberation generation” using its history as a lever by which to hang onto power. Having said that, the politics of each country has distinctive characteristics—although one has certainly been protracted effort to adhere to forms of ethics, such as “Humanism” in Zambia, and truth and reconciliation in South Africa. The contemporary politics of the region, however, is one with forms of authoritarianism and corruption and, in many cases, economic decline or turmoil. The rise of Chinese influence is also a new marker of politics in the region as all of Southern Africa, with many different former colonial powers, enters a new era of problematic cosmopolitanism—with the international jostling with already sometimes-volatile elements of ethnic diversity, balancing, and conflict.

scholarly journals “A Revolution in Motion”: Advertising and the Politics of Nostalgia

1991 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 258-271 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeremy Howell
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Baby Boom ◽  
New Right ◽  
The Political ◽  
Sound Track ◽  
Advertising Campaign ◽  
Baby Boom Generation ◽  
The 1960S ◽  
Definition Of

As part of their “Revolution in Motion” advertising campaign in 1987, Nike introduced the controversial television commericial that featured, as a sound track, the 1968 Beatles song Revolution. Located within a contemporary framework of time and place, emotion and message, politics and consumption, and capitalism and pleasure, the commercial can be articulated to a critical debate that has increasingly come to determine our political and affective lives. This paper focuses on the nature of this debate as it has emerged over the last decade and addresses, among other things, the legacy of the 1960s, the rise of the fitness movement, the insertion of the Baby Boom generation into the marketplace, the definition of American quality of life, and the rise of the political New Right.

“Momma's Got the Pill”: How Anthony Comstock and Griswold v. Connecticut Shaped US Childbearing

2010 ◽  
Vol 100 (1) ◽  
pp. 98-129 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martha J Bailey
Keyword(s):  
Marital Fertility ◽  
Demographic History ◽  
Fertility Rates ◽  
New Era ◽  
The Us ◽  
Considerable Debate ◽  
Lower Fertility ◽  
The 1960S ◽  
New Evidence

The 1960s ushered in a new era in US demographic history characterized by significantly lower fertility rates and smaller family sizes. What catalyzed these changes remains a matter of considerable debate. This paper exploits idiosyncratic variation in the language of “Comstock” statutes, enacted in the late 1800s, to quantify the role of the birth control pill in this transition. Almost 50 years after the contraceptive pill appeared on the US market, this analysis provides new evidence that it accelerated the post-1960 decline in marital fertility. (JEL J12, J13, K10, N31, N32)

Furniture

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter Scott
Keyword(s):  
Middle Class ◽  
Working Class ◽  
Consumer Credit ◽  
Consumer Durables ◽  
Advertising Campaign ◽  
Lower Middle Class ◽  
National Advertising ◽  
Early Success ◽  
Consumer Durable ◽  
Middle Class Families

New furniture was the first consumer durable to be successfully diffused to a mass (middle- and working-class) market in Britain. This chapter charts how a small number of furniture retailers pioneered many of the techniques used to create British mass markets for consumer durables. The key innovator was Benjamin Drage, who devised a successful formula to sell suites of new furniture, and the consumer credit used to purchase them, to ‘Mr Everyman’, using a revolutionary national advertising campaign. Drage’s spectacular early success is shown to have inspired emulation and adaption not just by furniture retailers, but by suppliers of other consumer durables. This chapter shows how furniture retailers managed to convince millions of working-and lower-middle-class families that buying their furniture new and furnishing out of income was not only practicable but constituted the cornerstone of modern aspirational lifestyles.

Responsible Tourism: A New Era of Responsibility?

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joseph M. Cheer ◽  
Hiram Ting ◽  
Choi-Meng Leong
Keyword(s):  
Growth Model ◽  
System Failure ◽  
New Era ◽  
Talking Circles ◽  
Global Tourism ◽  
The 1960S ◽  
Competing Priorities ◽  
Business As Usual ◽  
The Way ◽  
Responsible Tourism

The discourse on responsible tourism, although not new, has been given a new lease on life in the wake of COVID-19. Before 2020, global tourism mobilities were unparalleled with seemingly little standing in the way of the juggernaut that tourism had become. Typically, tourism is seen through an economic lens – for the jobs it provides and the impetus it gives to the coffers of governments and the wallets of tourism dependent communities. This has not changed since the tourism growth model was spawned in the 1960s and has only intensified through to the era of overtourism. In invoking the term, New Era of Responsibility, it not too subtly suggests that for global tourism, the reframing that needs to take place is urgent and has been expedited by the pandemic of 2020. What is called for has been broached before and if tourism is to be the panacea of the catalogue of things ascribed to it, business as usual is surely not feasible. The call for an epoch where responsibility is assumed reverberates in talking circles that reference the Anthropocene as a time when the urgency to act with greater responsibility is now, more than ever, vital, given that the demands put upon the planet continue to intensify while the requisite attention needed to allow recovery and replenishment, and to stave off system failure, continually deteriorates. Tourism has become entrenched as a lifestyle phenomenon for many, and a livelihood source for as many more. The call for responsible tourism appeals to finding the balance between competing priorities and most importantly, to acknowledge planetary limitations.

“He just smiled and gave me a Vegemite sandwich”

2016 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 343-357
Author(s):  
Emily J.H. Contois
Keyword(s):  
Popular Culture ◽  
Cultural Production ◽  
Food Studies ◽  
Primary Sources ◽  
Specific Product ◽  
Advertising Campaign ◽  
Content Type ◽  
American Interest ◽  
National Advertising ◽  
The Usa

Purpose Through a case study of J. Walter Thompson and Kraft’s efforts to market Vegemite in the USA in the late 1960s, this paper aims to explore transnational systems of cultural production and consumption, the US’s changing perception of Australia and the influence of culture on whether advertising fails or succeeds. Design/methodology/approach This paper draws from archival primary sources, including advertisements and newspapers, as well as secondary literatures from the fields of advertising history, food studies and transnational studies of popular culture. Findings Although J. Walter Thompson’s advertising contributed to Vegemite’s icon status in Australia, it failed to capture the American market in the late 1960s. In the 1980s, however, Vegemite did capture American interest when it was central to a wave of Australian popular culture that included films, sport and music, particularly Men at Work’s hit song, “Down Under”, whose lyrics mentioned Vegemite. As such, Vegemite’s moment of success stateside occurred without a national advertising campaign. Even when popular, however, Americans failed to like Vegemite’s taste, confirming it as a uniquely culturally specific product. Originality/value This paper analyzes a little-studied advertising campaign. The case study’s interdisciplinary findings will be of interest to scholars of advertising history, twentieth century USA and Australian history and food studies.

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