“He just smiled and gave me a Vegemite sandwich”

2016 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 343-357
Author(s):  
Emily J.H. Contois
Keyword(s):  
Popular Culture ◽  
Cultural Production ◽  
Food Studies ◽  
Primary Sources ◽  
Specific Product ◽  
Advertising Campaign ◽  
Content Type ◽  
American Interest ◽  
National Advertising ◽  
The Usa

Purpose Through a case study of J. Walter Thompson and Kraft’s efforts to market Vegemite in the USA in the late 1960s, this paper aims to explore transnational systems of cultural production and consumption, the US’s changing perception of Australia and the influence of culture on whether advertising fails or succeeds. Design/methodology/approach This paper draws from archival primary sources, including advertisements and newspapers, as well as secondary literatures from the fields of advertising history, food studies and transnational studies of popular culture. Findings Although J. Walter Thompson’s advertising contributed to Vegemite’s icon status in Australia, it failed to capture the American market in the late 1960s. In the 1980s, however, Vegemite did capture American interest when it was central to a wave of Australian popular culture that included films, sport and music, particularly Men at Work’s hit song, “Down Under”, whose lyrics mentioned Vegemite. As such, Vegemite’s moment of success stateside occurred without a national advertising campaign. Even when popular, however, Americans failed to like Vegemite’s taste, confirming it as a uniquely culturally specific product. Originality/value This paper analyzes a little-studied advertising campaign. The case study’s interdisciplinary findings will be of interest to scholars of advertising history, twentieth century USA and Australian history and food studies.

Building democratic citizenship competencies in K-5 economics through analysis of popular culture

2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 135-149
Author(s):  
Erin M. Casey ◽  
Jay H. Casey
Keyword(s):  
Popular Culture ◽  
Cognitive Theory ◽  
First Grade ◽  
Democratic Citizenship ◽  
Primary Sources ◽  
Second Grade ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Economic Decisions ◽  
Higher Level Thinking ◽  
Age Range

Purpose Development of economic understandings fosters the growth of democratic citizenship competencies. Elements of popular culture should be recognized for the influence they have on children’s economic decisions. Children should learn of the concept of popular culture to regulate its effect on their habits and understand how it has shaped the lives of people throughout history. The paper aims to discuss these issues. Design/methodology/approach Using a C3 inquiry investigation, this study explored if students from fifth grade to kindergarten could be engaged in higher-level thinking about economic concepts through the analysis of elements of popular culture in historical primary sources and then continue that analysis into popular culture of their own lives. Analyses of students’ discussions during each stage of the study provide descriptive statistics and themes to reveal understandings. Findings Results imply that children can successfully engage in document analysis and creation of accurate present-day popular culture artifacts and that children in second grade and above were subsequently influenced in their economic understandings about spending and saving money from popular culture analyses. Children in first grade and kindergarten were not successfully able to express these deeper connections, which may be explained by cognitive theory offered for this age range. Originality/value This research offers a unique way of combining the analysis of historic and present-day primary sources in order to understand the influences popular culture can have on economic-based behaviors. Novel approaches, which use the C3 framework to engage students in higher-order thinking of social studies disciplines, will help build stronger democratic citizenship competencies in children.

American attitude towards Iran and its reflection on Iran policy towards the Arab region

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Athbi Zaid Khalaf
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Policy ◽  
American Foreign Policy ◽  
National Interest ◽  
Arab Region ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Regional Role ◽  
American Interest ◽  
The Usa ◽  
The Impact

Purpose The purpose of this study is to cover the change that happened in the American foreign policy toward Iran by changing the American leadership from Obama to Trump. In addition to its coverage for the Iranian foreign policy toward the Arab region during the presidency period of Obama in the USA and also during the presidency period of Trump, to discover whether a change has happened in the Iranian foreign policy toward the Arab region is a result of the change in the American foreign policy or not. This can be discovered by concentrating on Yemen, Syria and Iraq, taking into consideration the Iranian and American national interests in the Arab region, as well as the regional role of Iran and its intervention in the Arab region. Design/methodology/approach This study was based on the analytical method of the foreign policy that is based on analyzing facts and events, as well as analyzing the roles and interests within the framework of the states’ foreign policy. This method was used in the study for the purpose of analyzing the impact of the change in the American leadership from Obama to Trump on the US foreign policy toward Iran in the light of the American interest; in addition to the Iranian foreign policy toward the Arab region (Yemen, Syria and Iraq) in the presidency period of both Obama and Trump in light of the regional role of Iran and its passion to achieve its national interest. Findings The study concluded that the change in the American foreign policy toward Iran is a result of the change of the American leadership from Obama to Trump by the American interest requirements in accordance to the respective of both of them. The change in the American policy led to a change in the trends of the Iranian foreign policy toward the Arab region in the term of the regional Iranian role. Under the American and Iranian convergence in the period of Obama, the Iranian role in the Arab region was limited to what could achieve its national interest and what did not threaten the American interest, especially after Iran had guaranteed that the USA is by its side. In the framework of the American and Iranian confrontation under Trump’s current presidency, the Iranian role has expanded in the Arab region, where Iran has intensified its intervention in Yemen, Syria and Iraq politically and militarily. Iran became more threatening to the American interest, as it became a means of pressure to the USA under Trump’s ruling in the purpose of changing its position toward it. Originality/value The importance of the study stems from the fact that it is seeking to analyze the change of the American foreign policy toward Iran within the period of two different presidential years of Obama and Trump, whereas, their trends were different in dealing with Iran between rapprochement and hostility toward it, on the basis of the American interest. In addition to testing whether this change in the American foreign policy toward Iran has been accompanied by a change in the Iranian foreign policy toward the Arab region.

Rosarium – a text encoding project curating popular writing on roses online

2017 ◽  
Vol 34 (7) ◽  
pp. 24-28
Author(s):  
Julia Rachel Tryon
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Popular Culture ◽  
Design Methodology ◽  
Primary Sources ◽  
Text Encoding ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Garden History ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Popular Writing ◽  
Principal Researcher

Purpose The aim of this paper is to describe the Rosarium Project which is currently curating nonfiction materials about the genus Rosa written at the turn of the twentieth century and published in popular American periodicals. This is achieved by encoding the texts following the guidelines set forth by the Text Encoding Initiative Consortium (TEI). Design/methodology/approach This paper explains what text encoding is and why following the guidelines set forth by the TEI Consortium was the best choice for the Rosarium Project. It then goes on to outline the workflow and choices made by the principal researcher which are needed to move the project steadily forward. Findings The principal researcher on the Rosarium Project has found that encoding with the TEI was easy to learn and fun to do, as well as intellectually stimulating. Librarians should find text-encoding projects of their own specialist subjects equally doable. Originality/value The Rosarium Project is unique, in that it is curating early twentieth century articles on the subject of roses that appeared in popular magazines. These materials are hidden away in online repositories and libraries worldwide. This project is of value, in that it provides primary sources to researchers in areas of popular culture, horticulture and garden history and also acts as an example of what librarians can contribute to the Digital Humanities.

The fashion gap: the Cold War politics of American and Soviet fashion, 1945-1959

2016 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 65-82 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephanie M. Amerian
Keyword(s):  
Cold War ◽  
Soviet Union ◽  
Cultural Diplomacy ◽  
Primary Sources ◽  
Content Type ◽  
The Soviet Union ◽  
Cultural Struggle ◽  
The Usa ◽  
The Cold War ◽  
Key Participants

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to examine the role that fashion played in the Cold War competition between the USA and the Soviet Union during the period from 1945 to 1959. Design/methodology/approach – This paper begins by situating fashion within the larger American efforts of cultural diplomacy. It then examines the American and Soviet approaches to fashion. Finally, it focuses on the fashion show at the 1959 American National Exhibition in Moscow. This paper utilizes primary sources, including archival sources and period newspapers and magazines. Findings – Both American and Soviet leaders tried to use fashion to embody the ideological values of each political and economic system. Both also acknowledged a “fashion gap”, whereby Americans enjoyed clear superiority thanks to a well-developed mass production system of ready-made, stylish clothing, that some termed the American Look. Americans hoped the fashion gap would demonstrate that only capitalism could provide women with an abundance of the necessary – but also desirable – consumer goods that enhanced their feminine beauty. Thus, fashion played an important part in the Cold War cultural struggle, in which American and Soviet women were key participants. Originality/value – Much has been written about the Cold War cultural diplomacy, especially the Moscow exhibition, but fashion is often left out of the analyses. Meanwhile, both the American Look and Soviet efforts to create socialist fashion have been examined, but no work has been done to look at the two together to understand fashion’s larger implications for the Cold War.

The information needs of the Ghanaian immigrant

2018 ◽  
Vol 119 (5/6) ◽  
pp. 317-329 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kodjo Atiso ◽  
Jenna Kammer ◽  
Denice Adkins
Keyword(s):  
Information Needs ◽  
Immigrant Population ◽  
Primary Sources ◽  
Social Implications ◽  
Sources Of Information ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Immigrant Populations ◽  
Ghanaian Immigrants ◽  
New Information ◽  
The Usa

Purpose This study aims to examine the information needs of Ghanaian immigrants who have settled in Maryland in the USA. Design/methodology/approach Using an ethnographic approach, immigrants from Ghana shared their information needs, challenges and sources they rely upon for information. In total, 50 Ghanaian immigrants participated in this study. Findings Findings indicate that like many immigrant populations, Ghanaians who have immigrated to the USA primarily rely on personal networks, mediated through social media, as their primary sources of information. Despite the availability of immigration resources in the library, Ghanaian immigrants may not view it as a useful resource. Social implications While this study examines a single immigrant population, its social implications are important to libraries who aim to serve immigrant populations in their community. Originality/value This study provides new information about African immigrant population, a population whose information needs have rarely been covered in the literature.

Organic food consumers: what do we really know about them?

2012 ◽  
Vol 114 (8) ◽  
pp. 1157-1183 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carolyn Dimitri ◽  
Rachael L. Dettmann
Keyword(s):  
Organic Food ◽  
Discrete Choice Models ◽  
Economic Research ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Unique Contribution ◽  
Specific Product ◽  
Content Type ◽  
The Usa ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship

PurposeThe organic trade literature in the USA makes strong claims about the relationship between income, ethnicity, and other factors and the likelihood of purchasing organic food products. However, previous economic research focusing on the socio‐economic characteristics of organic food consumers yields mixed findings. One explanation for the literature's inconsistent findings is that most studies rely on one specific product or one region of the country, or base their analysis on data collected from in‐store surveys. Another shortcoming in the existing literature is the failure to account for how access to organic food influences the likelihood of buying organic food. This paper's goal is to identify what is known, as well as what is not known, about consumers of organic food.Design/methodology/approachThe paper extends the literature through the combination of a novel approach and unique dataset of US consumers, and addresses the relationship between demographic traits and the likelihood of buying organic food. The dataset consists of primary data recording all purchases of food as well as household demographic data, such as income, education, gender, and ethnicity, over a one‐year period for 44,000 households. The study uses different discrete choice models and multiple product categories to explore the likelihood of buying organic food from many angles, in order to assess the robustness of the statistical relationship between income, education, ethnicity, and other factors on the likelihood of buying organic food, as well as the frequency of buying organic food.FindingsThe results indicate that education has a strong effect on the likelihood of buying organic products, and that the impact of marital status, income, and access to organic are consistent across models. The findings also suggest that further research on the links between ethnicity and consumption of organic food is necessary.Research limitations/implicationsOne possible drawback to this dataset is that older, urban households are overrepresented, in comparison to the entire USA.Practical implicationsThese findings will appeal to those interested in consumer behavior in addition to those interested in organic food consumption, from both the research and trade perspectives. The research indicates that access to organic food is an important determinant of the likelihood of a household buying organic food, the industry in the USA can expand sales by increasing consumer access to organic food.Originality/valueThis paper's unique contribution is the exploration of the robustness of the impact of different factors on the likelihood of buying organic food. The inclusion of access to organic food is also new to the literature, and as expected, households with greater access to organic food are more likely to purchase organic food.

Missionary activity in the Victorian era: a selective bibliography

2014 ◽  
Vol 28 (5) ◽  
pp. 2-5
Author(s):  
Joshua Finnell
Keyword(s):  
Great Britain ◽  
Design Methodology ◽  
Primary Sources ◽  
National Endowment ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Victorian Era ◽  
Digital Repositories ◽  
The Past ◽  
The Usa ◽  
Selective Bibliography

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to identify unique Victorian-Era collections of British and American missionary activity, which provide an introduction to the breadth and depth of primary sources in the field of missiology. Design/methodology/approach – This article provides a list of physical archives, digital repositories, microfilm collections and subscription databases with relevance to missionary activity in the Victorian Era. Collections were purposefully selected based on denominational importance or historical relevance. The bibliography consists of collections from both the USA and Great Britain. Findings – Through grants from the National Endowment for the Humanities, the Andrew W. Mellon Foundation, the digital availability of Victorian Era missionary materials has increased significantly over the past decade. Originality/value – This bibliography includes archival collections housed or hosted in the USA and Great Britain. The annotations describe the scope and uniqueness of each archive, and will be of interest to scholars interested in the field of missiology.

scholarly journals Taxonomies of money laundering: an Iranian perspective

2020 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Vahid Molla Imeny ◽  
Simon D. Norton ◽  
Mahdi Salehi ◽  
Mahdi Moradi
Keyword(s):  
Money Laundering ◽  
Primary Sources ◽  
Public Officials ◽  
High Association ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Domestic Legislation ◽  
Beneficial Ownership ◽  
The Usa ◽  
The Government ◽  
The Uk

Purpose This study aims to identify the sources of laundered money in Iran and the destinations to which it is transferred, independently verified by auditors. Based on such data, the study aims to develop a simple model of endogenous and exogenous factors facilitating money laundering in developing countries, which can inform domestic and international legislative and regulatory responses. Design/methodology/approach Questionnaires were sent to Iranian certified public accountants who worked for auditing firms in 2019 and who have encountered suspected money laundering during their work with clients. Findings The government and public officials are the primary sources of money laundering activity in Iran. The main destinations of laundered funds are investments abroad, gold, foreign currencies, real estate and purchases of luxury goods. Domestic legislation, while bearing similarities with that found in other jurisdictions such as the UK and the USA, is flawed in several ways, including an inability to determine beneficial ownership of funds and weak enforcement. Originality/value Because of international sanctions and the prevailing political situation, it is difficult to obtain data for money laundering and other financial crimes in Iran. The data obtained is of importance to international bodies in understanding the nature of money laundering in Iran, and how to negotiate in the future to address mutual concerns. Given the country’s perceived high association with money laundering, the data obtained is of value in identifying the specific characteristics of the problem.

Customers’ experienced product quality: scale development and validation

2020 ◽  
Vol 54 (4) ◽  
pp. 645-670 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ramesh Roshan Das Guru ◽  
Marcel Paulssen
Keyword(s):  
Product Quality ◽  
Product Category ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Specific Product ◽  
Substantial Impact ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Product Categories ◽  
Quality Scale ◽  
The Usa ◽  
Quality Dimensions

Purpose Product quality is a central construct in several management domains. Theoretical conceptualizations of product quality unanimously stress its multidimensional nature. Yet, no generalizable, multidimensional product quality scale exists. This study develops and validates a multidimensional Customers’ experienced product quality (CEPQ) scale, across four diverse product categories. Design/methodology/approach Based on the exploratory studies, CEPQ is conceptualized as a second-order reflective-formative construct and validated in quantitative studies with survey data collected in the USA. Findings Results reveal that the CEPQ scale and its underlying quality dimensions possess sound psychometric properties. In addition, CEPQ has a substantial impact on customer behavior over and above customer satisfaction. The strength of this impact is positively moderated by expertise and quality consciousness. CEPQ predicts objective quality scores from consumer reports substantially better than the existing measures of product quality. Research limitations/implications The cross-sectional nature of the main study, as well as samples from only one country, restricts the generalizability of the findings. Practical implications Operations managers and marketers should start to measure CEPQ as an additional key metric. The formative weights of the first-order quality dimensions explain how customers define product quality in a specific product category. Originality/value A generalizable, multidimensional scale of product quality, CEPQ, is developed and validated. Materials as a new product quality dimension is identified. Once correctly measured, product quality ceases to be a mere input to satisfaction. Boundary conditions for CEPQ’s relevance were hypothesized and confirmed.

Absence and the advertising historian

2016 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 473-480 ◽  
Author(s):  
Susan Smulyan
Keyword(s):  
Design Methodology ◽  
The Other ◽  
Advertising Agencies ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Subject Positions ◽  
Global Context ◽  
National Advertising ◽  
The Usa ◽  
History Of ◽  
Cultural Historian

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to examine the commonly held idea that American advertising agencies closely supervised their Australian counterparts during the globalization of advertising. Design/methodology/approach The author, a cultural historian based in the USA, searched American archives without finding evidence of the kind of oversight often associated with the Americanization of advertising. Findings The paper concludes that American advertisers paid less attention to Australian advertising than the other way around. In addition, Australian and American advertising industries agreed on the importance of advertising as part of transnational capitalism and did not need to outline, or follow instructions, on how advertising worked. Originality/value Reviewing the history of advertising in a global context reminds scholars that the national advertising industries have different subject positions and yet agree on advertising’s practice and efficacy.

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