From Physical Culture to the Primal Life

2019 ◽  
pp. 193-218
Author(s):  
Hamilton M. Stapell
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Industrial Revolution ◽  
The United States ◽  
Physical Culture ◽  
Early 20Th Century ◽  
Medical Treatments ◽  
Digital Revolution ◽  
Health And Disease ◽  
Central Argument ◽  
Mainstream Society

The evolutionary approach to health and disease is typically understood as a recent phenomenon, originating with Boyd Eaton in the 1980s. However, a similar movement swept the United States and Europe more than 100 years ago. Evidence from late 19th- and early 20th-century sources demonstrates the application of Darwinian theory to the health problems of the time. Fearing the deleterious effects of mass urbanization and industrialization, proponents of the physical culture movement offered many familiar “Paleo” recommendations such as the consumption of whole foods, periodic fasting, and drugless medical treatments. Similar to today, these early physical culturalists were often branded as “kooks” by the medical establishment and mainstream society. The central argument of this chapter is that physical culture movement of 100 years ago and the ancestral health movement of today are responses to rapid social, economic, and technological change, namely, to the Industrial Revolution and the Digital Revolution.

The Other America

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Harris Beider ◽  
Kusminder Chahal
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Civil Rights ◽  
Working Class ◽  
Ethnic Diversity ◽  
The United States ◽  
Race Identity ◽  
2016 Election ◽  
White Working Class ◽  
Mainstream Society ◽  
The Right

Widely stereotyped as anti-immigrant, against civil-rights, or supporters of Trump and the right, can the white working class of the United States really be reduced to a singular group with similar views? This book begins with an overview of how the term “white working class” became weaponized and used as a vessel to describe people who were seen to be “deplorable.” The national narrative appears to credit (or blame) white working-class mobilization across the country for the success of Donald Trump in the 2016 US elections. Those who take this position see the white working class as being problematic in different ways: grounded in norms and behaviors that seem out of step with mainstream society; at odds with the reality of increased ethnic diversity across the country and especially in cities; blaming others for their economic plight; and disengaged from politics. Challenging populist views about the white working class in the United States, the book showcases what they really think about the defining issues in today's America—from race, identity, and change to the crucial on-the-ground debates occurring at the time of the 2016 U.S. election. As the 2020 presidential elections draw near, this is an invaluable insight into the complex views on 2016 election candidates, race, identity and cross-racial connections.

One Hundred Years of Empirical Aesthetics

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marcos Nadal ◽  
Esther Ureña
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
20Th Century ◽  
Golden Age ◽  
The United States ◽  
Gestalt Psychology ◽  
Early 20Th Century ◽  
Motivational Theory ◽  
Reward Value ◽  
History Of ◽  
Functional Psychology

This article reviews the history of empirical aesthetics since its foundation by Fechner in 1876 to Berlyne’s new empirical aesthetics in the 1970s. The authors explain why and how Fechner founded the field, and how Wundt and Müller’s students continued his work in the early 20th century. In the United States, empirical aesthetics flourished as part of American functional psychology at first, and later as part of behaviorists’ interest in reward value. The heyday of behaviorism was also a golden age for the development of all sorts of tests for artistic and aesthetic aptitudes. The authors end the article by covering the contributions of Gestalt psychology and Berlyne’s motivational theory to empirical aesthetics.

Zines, Half-Lives, and Afterlives: On the Temporalities of Social and Political Change

PMLA ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 126 (1) ◽  
pp. 140-150 ◽  
Author(s):  
Janice Radway
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Science Fiction ◽  
Special Interest ◽  
Political Change ◽  
The United States ◽  
Alternative Press ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Do It Yourself ◽  
Mainstream Society ◽  
The 1960S

The term zine is a recent variant of fanzine, a neologism coined in the 1930s to refer to magazines self-published by Aficionados of science fiction. Until zines emerged as digital forms, they were generally defined as handmade, noncommercial, irregularly issued, small-run, paper publications circulated by individuals participating in alternative, special-interest communities. Zines exploded in popularity during the 1980s when punk music fans adopted the form as part of their do-it-yourself aesthetic and as an outsider way to communicate among themselves about punk's defiant response to the commercialism of mainstream society. In 1990, only a few years after the first punk zines appeared, Mike Gunderloy made a case for the genre's significance in an article published in the Whole Earth Review, one of the few surviving organs of the 1960s alternative press in the United States. He celebrated zines' wide range of interests and the oppositional politics that generated their underground approach to publication.

scholarly journals Decreasing Human Body Temperature in the United States Since the Industrial Revolution

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Myroslava Protsiv ◽  
Catherine Ley ◽  
Joanna Lankester ◽  
Trevor Hastie ◽  
Julie Parsonnet
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Body Temperature ◽  
Human Body ◽  
Industrial Revolution ◽  
The United States ◽  
Human Body Temperature

scholarly journals Other People’s Cabins: German Inversions of Onkel Tom’s Hutte

Lateral ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kristin Moriah
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
20Th Century ◽  
The United States ◽  
Early 20Th Century ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Housing Projects ◽  
Uncle Tom's Cabin ◽  
The Us ◽  
Archival Work

Kristin Moriah’s essay is rooted in extensive archival work in the US and Germany, examining the transatlantic circulation of Uncle Tom’s Cabin through markets of performance and literature in and between Germany and the United States. The essay follows the performative tropes of Uncle Tom’s Cabin from its originary political resonances to the present-day restaurants, train-stops, and housing projects named for the novel. Moriah reveals how the figurations of blackness arising from these texts are foundational to the construction of Germanness and American-German relations in the early 20th century and beyond.

Introduction

2018 ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
Lindsey Flewelling
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
The United States ◽  
Reciprocal Relationship ◽  
Home Rule ◽  
Ethnic Organizations ◽  
Time Period ◽  
Irish America ◽  
Irish Identity ◽  
Central Argument

This chapter provides a brief introduction to the two strands of history that intersect throughout Two Irelands beyond the Sea: the histories of Irish unionism and Irish-America. The chapter lays forth the book’s central argument, that the reciprocal relationship between Irish unionism and the United States must be understood as part of a wider appreciation of the unionist movement in the Home Rule era. Moreover, the United States greatly influenced the ways in which Irish unionists conceived of themselves and of their own movement, through both their conflicted attempts to gain American support and their use of the United States and Scotch-Irish identity symbolically in their fight against Home Rule. The chapter also argues that the links between Protestant Irish-America and Ireland are a key part of understanding the development of Scotch-Irish ethnic organizations in this time period.

Freedom of Speech and Assembly in the Digital Age

2014 ◽  
pp. 160-175
Author(s):  
Sam B. Edwards III
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Eighteenth Century ◽  
First Amendment ◽  
The United States ◽  
Fundamental Rights ◽  
Warning Signs ◽  
Digital Revolution ◽  
Constitutional Protection ◽  
First Case ◽  
The Government

The United States is facing challenges in applying First Amendment principles from the eighteenth century to modern communications. Speech and assembly in the eighteenth century was extremely limited when compared to speech now. This chapter examines two cases where the government has intruded upon fundamental rights contained in the First Amendment. In the first case, a government, in an effort to stop a protest, cut off all wireless mobile and Internet communications. This amounted to a digital gag and ear plugs for the protesters. In this case, the responsible government officials did not even contemplate that this might violate the fundamental rights of the protesters. In the second case, government employees were fired for using Facebook to “like” the page of a political candidate. The trial court ruled that “liking” on Facebook was not speech and therefore did not garner constitutional protection. These two cases represent warning signs that the United States, just like other countries, is struggling to adapt eighteenth century legal principles to modern communication. The digital revolution is happening in the United States and the courts will eventually have to develop a new set of rules based on the principles in the First Amendment.

“Standing Tall and Seeing Far”

2021 ◽  
pp. 277-296
Author(s):  
Rush Doshi
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Industrial Revolution ◽  
The United States ◽  
Grand Strategy ◽  
The Political ◽  
Global Institutions ◽  
Fourth Industrial Revolution ◽  
Economic Level ◽  
Financial Power ◽  
The Military

Chapter 12 examines the “ways and means” of China’s global grand strategy of expansion, discussing in concrete terms how it is building forms of control globally while weakening those of the United States. It examines this effort across three domains of statecraft, describing how Beijing has put forward global institutions and illiberal norms at the political level, sought to seize the “fourth industrial revolution” and weaken US financial power at the economic level, and increasingly acquired global capabilities and facilities at the military level—all as part of a broader effort to achieve its nationalistic vision of rejuvenation and displace US order.

Conclusions

1998 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. W. Rostow
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Political Economy ◽  
21St Century ◽  
World Economy ◽  
Industrial Revolution ◽  
The United States ◽  
Population Increase ◽  
The Political ◽  
The World ◽  
The Government

I have tried in this book to summarize where the world economy has come from in the past three centuries and to set out the core of the agenda that lies before us as we face the century ahead. This century, for the first time since the mid-18th century, will come to be dominated by stagnant or falling populations. The conclusions at which I have arrived can usefully be divided in two parts: one relates to what can be called the political economy of the 21st century; the other relates to the links between the problem of the United States playing steadily the role of critical margin on the world scene and moving at home toward a solution to the multiple facets of the urban problem. As for the political economy of the 21st century, the following points relate both to U.S. domestic policy and U.S. policy within the OECD, APEC, OAS, and other relevant international organizations. There is a good chance that the economic rise of China and Asia as well as Latin America, plus the convergence of economic stagnation and population increase in Africa, will raise for a time the relative prices of food and industrial materials, as well as lead to an increase in expen ditures in support of the environment. This should occur in the early part of the next century, If corrective action is taken in the private markets and the political process, these strains on the supply side should diminish with the passage of time, the advance of science and innovation, and the progressively reduced rate of population increase. The government, the universities, the private sector, and the professions might soon place on their common agenda the delicate balance of maintaining full employment with stagnant or falling populations. The existing literature, which largely stems from the 1930s, is quite illuminating but inadequate. And the experience with stagnant or falling population in the the world economy during post-Industrial Revolution times is extremely limited. This is a subject best approached in the United States on a bipartisan basis, abroad as an international problem. It is much too serious to be dealt with, as it is at present, as a domestic political football.

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