The Habit Stance

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael Brownstein
Keyword(s):  
Attitude Change ◽  
Implicit Attitudes ◽  
Field Studies ◽  
Implicit Attitude ◽  
And Behavior ◽  
Attitudes And Behavior ◽  
As If

While it is clear that implicit attitudes are malleable, there is much to learn about the most effective techniques for changing them. This chapter examines three general approaches that increasingly appear to be well supported in both lab-based and field studies. The chapter considers the importance of rote practice, pre-commitment, and context regulation. Each represents a different element of adopting the “habit stance,” a way of cultivating more ethical implicit attitudes—and hence better spontaneous decisions and actions—by treating them as if they were habits. The chapter concludes by considering two kinds of objections. The first is empirical, focusing on the broadness and durability of implicit attitude change interventions. The second is not empirical. It is about the nature of praise, in particular whether the reshaping of one’s attitudes and behavior in the ways the chapter describes counts as a genuine form of ethical self-improvement.

Strategi Guru dalam Membentuk Karakter Siswa melalui Nilai-nilai Kejujuran

FONDATIA ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 163-179
Author(s):  
Muhammad Munif ◽  
Fathor Rozi ◽  
Siti Yusrohlana
Keyword(s):  
Field Studies ◽  
School Teachers ◽  
Teacher Strategies ◽  
Data Presentation ◽  
Academic Achievements ◽  
Analysis Technique ◽  
Collection Data ◽  
And Behavior ◽  
Attitudes And Behavior ◽  
Depth Interviews

This study aims to analyze and examine the teacher's strategy in shaping the character of students through the values ​​of honesty. The research method used is a qualitative approach with field studies at SDN 3 Blimbing, Besuki, Situbondo. Collecting data in this study using observation and in-depth interviews. The data analysis technique is carried out with the stages of data collection, data reduction, data presentation, and drawing conclusions from research results. From this study, the results obtained are several teacher strategies that can be applied in school institutions including: teachers always start learning with the hadith of honesty, teachers always understand student achievement for students who have academic and non-academic achievements, teachers guide their students by implementing habituation attitudes and behavior honest in school, teachers are responsible for developing students' awareness of the importance of education, teachers apply a cooperative attitude to interact honestly at school. Implications in forming honest character, so far students have developed in terms of attitude, one of which is politeness in communicating, and being honest in conveying a message.

Technical and Theoretical Aspects of: Patient Counseling

1975 ◽  
Vol 9 (9) ◽  
pp. 485-488 ◽  
Author(s):  
Raymond W. Morris ◽  
Vincent dePaul Burkhart ◽  
Peter P. Lamy
Keyword(s):  
Patient Education ◽  
Attitude Change ◽  
Hospital Admissions ◽  
Patient Counseling ◽  
Practical Applications ◽  
Cultural Aspects ◽  
Audiovisual Aids ◽  
Instructional Aids ◽  
And Behavior ◽  
Attitudes And Behavior

A common agreement in many of the future roles proposed for pharmacists in the ambulatory patient care area involves an educational responsibility to patients. To provide patient education, pharmacists may rely on mechanical audiovisual aids. The optimal effectiveness of patient education programs of this type can be achieved only by careful preparation of the audiovisual aids. In producing such instructional aids consideration should be directed at both the technical and theoretical aspects of persuasive audiovisual techniques. The goal of any patient education effort is to instill a desire in patients to comply with their therapy and in so doing maintain or improve their health status. It is important to understand the theories of attitude change needed to provide effective patient education. It is equally important that the audiovisual material utilized be prepared using recognized principles for instructional presentations. Technical considerations in the preparation of audiovisual aids will insure that the program has an impact on the viewing audience. The pharmacist may be especially suited to counsel patients on the correct use of medication. Innovative methods may be needed to provide effective patient education services. The audiovisual method is one technique which may be used to provide patient education. Practical applications of theoretical and technical principles for audiovisual instruction should be used to prepare effective educational materials. The goal proposed by advocates of patient education is to help patients acquire new knowledge, attitudes, and behavior that will improve their capability to care for themselves more adequately. Those who participate in planned educational programs have exhibited greater compliance and cooperation. This, in turn, can result in fewer hospital admissions.23 Schoenrich24 explains that patient education requires consideration of the psychological, sociological, and cultural aspects of the population if changes in patient attitudes and behavior are to be made. It is important to be sensitive to the patient and his condition and consider the “whole” patient.

scholarly journals JIHAD AND RADICALISM: EPISTEMOLOGY OF ISLAMIC EDUCATION AT PESANTREN AL-FURQAN IN MUSI RAWAS DISTRICT

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 152
Author(s):  
Idi Warsah
Keyword(s):  
General Public ◽  
Learning Activities ◽  
Islamic Education ◽  
Islamic School ◽  
Religious Radicalism ◽  
Students Attitudes ◽  
And Behavior ◽  
Attitudes And Behavior ◽  
As If

Jihad and radicalism are often juxtaposed as if jihad is identical to radicalism. Unfortunately, the general public often mistakenly associates Pesantren with radicalism. Islam does not teach radicalism; instead Islam is a religion of peace. The concept of jihad in Islam cannot be identified with religious radicalism because jihad has broad meanings. This study was conducted to find out the epistemology of Islamic education at Pesantren in terms of the issues of jihad and radicalism. This study was conducted at Pesantren Al-Furqon in Musi Rawas district. Pesantren Al-Furqon organized an integrated Islamic school providing education making Islam a basis and guideline in carrying out learning activities and in shaping students’ attitudes and behavior. This study revealed that Islamic education at Pesantren Al-Furqon taught students to behave nobly according to Islamic teachings. Jihad was interpreted as sincere efforts to bring about peace but not in the sense of radicalism.

Changes in Smoking Legislation, Attitudes, and Behavior

1992 ◽  
Vol 70 (2) ◽  
pp. 531-537 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Olof Götestam ◽  
K. Gunnar Götestam
Keyword(s):  
Broad Spectrum ◽  
Health Hazards ◽  
High Quality ◽  
Scientific Methods ◽  
Legislative Changes ◽  
Advertising Ban ◽  
And Behavior ◽  
Attitudes And Behavior ◽  
As If

Legislative changes and attitude campaigns are generally acknowledged to be effective in the battle against smoking and its health hazards. In some instances it seems as if these means are insufficient to produce necessary change. In this study, the following general hypotheses were posed: (1) an advertising ban leads to reduced tobacco sale and (2) to reduced smoking; (3) attitude campaigns improve attitudes about regulation of smoking and (4) reduce smoking. In addition, two national hypotheses were formulated. The results supported neither hypothesis! It is concluded that it is important to follow the development closely with scientific methods of high quality. Further, smoking campaigns must include a broad spectrum of interventions to be sufficiently effective.

Factors in Consistency between Attitudes and Behavior: Implications for Policies and Programs

1981 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 3-22 ◽  
Author(s):  
Snehendu B. Kar
Keyword(s):  
Attitude Change ◽  
Contraceptive Use ◽  
Younger Women ◽  
Positive Attitudes ◽  
Original Survey ◽  
Policies And Programs ◽  
Living Children ◽  
And Behavior ◽  
Attitudes And Behavior ◽  
The Relationship

The paper deals with the factors which affect contraceptive attitudes, behaviors, and the relationship between the two. The analysis is based upon original survey data from 2,446 women in Venezuela and related literature. The results suggest that both positive attitudes and contraceptive accessibility are major determinants of contraception but at the aggregate level neither has a decisive advantage over the other. The three best predictors of contraceptive use are: specific contraceptive attitudes, social support, and accessibility of contraceptives. Their impacts on behavior are direct and additive; however, their impacts vary significantly by education and number of living children. In general attitude change strategy is more effective with younger women while improving accessibility affects older women more often. Implications for policy and programs are presented.

Making Warnings about Misleading Advertising and Product Recalls more Effective: An Implicit Attitude Perspective

2018 ◽  
Vol 55 (2) ◽  
pp. 265-276 ◽  
Author(s):  
Olivier Trendel ◽  
Marc Mazodier ◽  
Kathleen D. Vohs
Keyword(s):  
Mental Imagery ◽  
Attitude Change ◽  
Implicit Attitudes ◽  
Implicit Attitude ◽  
Product Recalls ◽  
Product Recall ◽  
Explicit Attitudes ◽  
Visual Mental Imagery ◽  
Cognitive Busyness ◽  
Corrective Information

The authors tested whether image-based information is more effective than text in changing implicit attitudes from positive to negative, even when both forms similarly change explicit attitudes. They studied corrective information (i.e., warnings about misleading advertising and product recall notices) because it is a common, important effort to change consumer attitudes. Corrective information in the form of pictures or imagery-evoking text, as well as direct instructions to imagine the scene, changed implicit attitudes more than plain, descriptive text, which is currently the most common warning method. Image-based stimuli can change implicit attitudes because they evoke vivid visual mental imagery of counterattitudinal valence (Experiments 1–2). Conditions that hindered the formation of visual mental imagery blocked implicit attitude change, whereas cognitive busyness did not (Experiment 3). In short, imagery-based information changed both explicit and implicit attitudes, whereas materials not based on imagery changed only explicit attitudes. Managers and regulators who aim to protect consumers from claims and products that could do harm should use image-based campaigns to best convey the message effectively.

Using Binding Communication to Promote Conservation Among Hotel Guests

2015 ◽  
Vol 74 (3) ◽  
pp. 169-175 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lohyd Terrier ◽  
Benedicte Marfaing
Keyword(s):  
Low Cost ◽  
Communication Strategies ◽  
Communication Strategy ◽  
Communication Model ◽  
Classical Communication ◽  
Persuasive Message ◽  
Sustainable Behavior ◽  
And Behavior ◽  
Attitudes And Behavior

This research applies the binding communication model to the sustainable communication strategies implemented in most hotels. The binding communication model links a persuasive message with the implementation of a low-cost commitment to strengthen the link between the attitudes and behavior of those receiving the message. We compared the effectiveness of a classical communication strategy (n = 86) with that of a binding communication strategy (n = 101) to encourage guests to choose sustainable behavior. Our results show that using the binding communication strategy generates significantly more sustainable behavior in guests than using the classical communication strategy. We discuss our results and suggest future avenues of research.

Implicit Association Test: Separating Transsituationally Stable and Variable Components of Attitudes toward Gay Men

2003 ◽  
Vol 50 (1) ◽  
pp. 33-48 ◽  
Author(s):  
Melanie C. Steffens ◽  
Axel Buchner
Keyword(s):  
Gay Men ◽  
Implicit Association Test ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Implicit Attitudes ◽  
Association Test ◽  
Situational Factors ◽  
Situational Factor ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Implicit Attitude ◽  
Implicit Association

Implicit attitudes are conceived of as formed in childhood, suggesting extreme stability. At the same time, it has been shown that implicit attitudes are influenced by situational factors, suggesting variability by the moment. In the present article, using structural equation modeling, we decomposed implicit attitudes towards gay men into a person factor and a situational factor. The Implicit Association Test ( Greenwald, McGhee, & Schwartz, 1998 ), introduced as an instrument with which individual differences in implicit attitudes can be measured, was used. Measurement was repeated after one week (Experiment 1) or immediately (Experiment 2). Explicit attitudes towards gay men as assessed by way of questionnaires were positive and stable across situations. Implicit attitudes were relatively negative instead. Internal consistency of the implicit attitude assessment was exemplary. However, the within-situation consistency was accompanied by considerable unexplained between-situation variability. Consequently, it may not be adequate to interpret an individual implicit attitude measured at a given point in time as a person-related, trait-like factor.

Risk Attitudes and Behavior Among Norwegian Adolescents

2005 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 25-38 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hilde Iversen ◽  
Torbjørn Rundmo ◽  
Hroar Klempe
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Traffic Safety ◽  
Behavior Modification ◽  
Health Programs ◽  
Risk Attitudes ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Public Health Programs ◽  
The Core ◽  
And Behavior ◽  
Attitudes And Behavior

Abstract. The core aim of the present study is to compare the effects of a safety campaign and a behavior modification program on traffic safety. As is the case in community-based health promotion, the present study's approach of the attitude campaign was based on active participation of the group of recipients. One of the reasons why many attitude campaigns conducted previously have failed may be that they have been society-based public health programs. Both the interventions were carried out simultaneously among students aged 18-19 years in two Norwegian high schools (n = 342). At the first high school the intervention was behavior modification, at the second school a community-based attitude campaign was carried out. Baseline and posttest data on attitudes toward traffic safety and self-reported risk behavior were collected. The results showed that there was a significant total effect of the interventions although the effect depended on the type of intervention. There were significant differences in attitude and behavior only in the sample where the attitude campaign was carried out and no significant changes were found in the group of recipients of behavior modification.

If I Had Something to Add, I Would

2020 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 86-96
Author(s):  
Isaac A. Lindquist ◽  
Emily E. Adams ◽  
Joseph A. Allen
Keyword(s):  
Job Attitudes ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Meeting Effectiveness ◽  
And Behavior ◽  
Attitudes And Behavior

Abstract. Most employees participate in workplace meetings, and their experiences in meetings can vary greatly, which can lead to positive or negative effects on both job attitudes and behavior. In this study, we examined the effect that a meeting attendee’s competence in the meeting topic had on their participation in the meeting and their perception of meeting effectiveness. Results indicated those with higher levels of competence in the meeting topic were more likely to participate and through participation found their meeting more effective; this relationship was stronger when employee dissent in the meetings was high. Leaders should ensure that those who are present in a meeting are competent in the topic of the meeting and encourage them to participate.

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