Furthering Dissemination and Implementation Research

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lawrence W. Green ◽  
Mona Nasser
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Reviews ◽  
Implementation Research ◽  
External Validity ◽  
Evidence Based Practice ◽  
Internal Validity ◽  
Implementation Process ◽  
Dissemination And Implementation ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
Evidence Based Practices ◽  
Dissemination And Implementation Research

This chapter raises questions about the reliability of much “evidence-based practice” disseminated from the original studies and systematic reviews of those studies, insofar as they were often conducted and reviewed with inadequate attention to external validity. Important issues are raised for dissemination and implementation researchers. Indeed, the pressure on investigators to provide for increasingly rigorous controls on threats to internal validity, and to exclude studies that fall below standards for internal validity, has made many such sources of evidence more suspect in their external validity and less credible to the practitioners or policymakers who would adopt them. Greater attention is needed to ways to incorporate considerations of external validity into studies and in systematic reviews of studies to produce more generalizable evidence, and greater attention to practice-based evidence that can complement the more formal evidence-based practices in the process of implementing and evaluating the dissemination and implementation process

The Role of Organizational Processes in Dissemination and Implementation Research

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gregory A. Aarons ◽  
Joanna C. Moullin ◽  
Mark G. Ehrhart
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Organizational Development ◽  
Organizational Factors ◽  
Dissemination And Implementation ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
Organizational Strategies ◽  
Evidence Based Practices ◽  
Effective Dissemination ◽  
Dissemination And Implementation Research ◽  
Ebp Implementation

Both organizational characteristics and specific organizational strategies are important for the effective dissemination and implementation of evidence-based practices (EBPs) in health and allied health care settings, as well as mental health, alcohol/drug treatment, and social service settings. One of the primary goals of this chapter is to support implementers and leaders within organizations in attending to and shaping the context in which implementation takes place in order to increase the likelihood of implementation success and long-term sustainment. The chapter summarizes some of the most critical organizational factors and strategies likely to impact successful evidence-based practice implementation. There are myriad approaches to supporting organizational development and change—this chapter focuses on issues supported by relevant scientific literatures, particularly those germane to EBP implementation in health care and related settings.

Dissemination and Implementation Research in a Global Context

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rebecca Lobb ◽  
Shoba Ramanadhan ◽  
Laura Murray
Keyword(s):  
Implementation Research ◽  
Geographic Distance ◽  
Local Context ◽  
Dissemination And Implementation ◽  
Middle Income ◽  
Evidence Based Practices ◽  
Global Context ◽  
Middle Income Countries ◽  
Local Problems ◽  
Dissemination And Implementation Research

The value and challenges associated with participatory research are intensified for lower and middle-income countries because of the geographic distance between the primary research team and research setting, the limited resources and infrastructure for health, and the linguistic and cultural diversity of the residents. Dissemination and implementation research is ideally suited to improve health for populations in lower and middle-income countries because the emphasis on local context contributes to building trust between local stakeholders and researchers, and leverages emergent ideas for solutions to local problems. Moreover, the products of dissemination and implementation research include practical information to improve use of evidence-based practices in local settings and generalizable knowledge to advance science.

scholarly journals Dissemination and implementation research in sports and exercise medicine and sports physical therapy: translating evidence to practice and policy

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. e000974
Author(s):  
Oluwatoyosi B A Owoeye ◽  
Rachel S Rauvola ◽  
Ross C Brownson
Keyword(s):  
Physical Therapy ◽  
Implementation Research ◽  
Research Evidence ◽  
Dissemination And Implementation ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
Exercise Medicine ◽  
Dissemination And Implementation Research ◽  
Practice Gaps ◽  
Sports And Exercise ◽  
Context Specific

Knowledge from research evidence is wasted unless it is applied. While the scientific evidence base for many sports and exercise medicine and sports physical therapy interventions is robust, real-world implementation and evolution to scale remains an ongoing challenge. Dissemination and implementation research is important to generate evidence-informed, cost-effective and context-specific strategies for implementation partners and stakeholders to effectively apply and sustain the best research evidence in public health and clinical practice. However, this field of inquiry remains underexplored in sports and exercise medicine and sports physical therapy. Most intervention studies in sports and exercise medicine and sports physical therapy are terminated at the efficacy trial stage without considerations for best practices for translation to community and clinical settings. Lack of context-specific dissemination and implementation strategies to drive the translation of evidence-based interventions results in poor execution of, and attrition from, interventions, and this is associated with suboptimal outcomes and increased healthcare costs. Theory-driven quality research informing the successful dissemination and implementation of evidence-based interventions is needed to address lingering evidence-to-practice gaps. Dissemination and implementation research completes the final stage in the research-to-practice pipeline. It seeks to close evidence-to-practice gaps, thereby ensuring speedy application of research evidence to achieve desired public health outcomes while making more efficient use of limited resources. This review introduces sports and exercise medicine and sports physical therapy researchers and stakeholders to key concepts and principles in dissemination and implementation research.

Future Issues in Dissemination and Implementation Research

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ross C. Brownson ◽  
Graham A. Colditz ◽  
Enola K. Proctor
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Health Services ◽  
Implementation Research ◽  
Clinical Care ◽  
Dissemination And Implementation ◽  
Public Health Services ◽  
Middle Income ◽  
Middle Income Countries ◽  
Dissemination And Implementation Research ◽  
The Many

This chapter highlights just a sample of the many rich areas for dissemination and implementation research that will assist us in shortening the gap between discovery and practice, thus beginning to realize the benefits of research for patients, families, and communities. Greater emphasis on implementation in challenging settings, including lower and middle-income countries and underresourced communities in higher income countries will add to the lessons we must learn to fully reap the benefit of our advances in dissemination and implementation research methods. Moreover, collaboration and multidisciplinary approaches to dissemination and implementation research will help to make efforts more consistent and more effective moving forward. Thus, we will be better able to identify knowledge gaps that need to be addressed in future dissemination and implementation research, ultimately informing the practice and policies of clinical care and public health services.

Adaptation in Dissemination and Implementation Science

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ana A. Baumann ◽  
Leopoldo J. Cabassa ◽  
Shannon Wiltsey Stirman
Keyword(s):  
Implementation Science ◽  
Implementation Research ◽  
Implementation Strategies ◽  
Dissemination And Implementation ◽  
Research And Practice ◽  
Implementation Outcomes ◽  
Dissemination And Implementation Science ◽  
Dissemination And Implementation Research

This chapter focuses on adaptations in the context of dissemination and implementation research and practice. Consistent with the existing literature, the authors recommend that adaptations be proactively and iteratively determined, strongly informed by a variety of stakeholders, and that efforts be made to carefully describe and document the nature of the adaptations and evaluate their impact on desired service, health, and implementation outcomes. While this chapter focuses on adaptations to interventions and the context of practice, the authors also note that adaptations may need to be made to implementation strategies. Following the call by Proctor and colleagues for further precision in defining and operationalizing implementation strategies, and based on evidence that scholars are not necessarily reporting what and how they are adapting the interventions, scholars are urged to define and evaluate the adaptations they are making not only to the interventions and context of practice but also to the implementation strategies.

Measurement Issues in Dissemination and Implementation Research

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cara C. Lewis ◽  
Enola K. Proctor ◽  
Ross C. Brownson
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Implementation Research ◽  
Health Care Access ◽  
Healthcare Research ◽  
Dissemination And Implementation ◽  
Measurement Issues ◽  
Care Access ◽  
Dissemination And Implementation Science ◽  
Dissemination And Implementation Research ◽  
Access And Quality

The National Institutes of Health, the Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality, the CDC, and a number of private foundations have expressed the need for advancing the science of dissemination and implementation. Interest in dissemination and implementation research is present in many countries. Improving health care requires not only effective programs and interventions, but also effective strategies to move them into community based settings of care. But before discrete strategies can be tested for effectiveness, comparative effectiveness, or cost effectiveness, context and outcome constructs must be identified and defined in such a way that enables their manipulation and measurement. Measurement is underdeveloped, with few psychometrically strong measures and very little attention paid to their pragmatic nature. A variety of tools are needed to capture health care access and quality, and no measurement issues are more pressing than those for dissemination and implementation science.

Dissemination and Implementation Research in Health

2017 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Evidence Base ◽  
Dissemination And Implementation ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
Collaborative Partnerships ◽  
Social Service Agencies ◽  
Effective Interventions ◽  
Health Related Research ◽  
Health Related ◽  
Dissemination And Implementation Research ◽  
Policies And Programs

Fifteen to twenty years is how long it takes for the billions of dollars of health-related research to translate into evidence-based policies and programs suitable for public use. Over the past 15 years, an exciting science has emerged that seeks to narrow the gap between the discovery of new knowledge and its application in public health, mental health, and health care settings. Dissemination and implementation (D&I) research seeks to understand how to best apply scientific advances in the real world, by focusing on pushing the evidence-based knowledge base out into routine use. To help propel this crucial field forward, leading D&I scholars and researchers have collaborated to put together this volume to address a number of key issues, including: how to evaluate the evidence base on effective interventions; which strategies will produce the greatest impact; how to design an appropriate study; and how to track a set of essential outcomes. D&I studies must also take into account the barriers to uptake of evidence-based interventions in the communities where people live their lives and the social service agencies, hospitals, and clinics where they receive care. The challenges of moving research to practice and policy are universal, and future progress calls for collaborative partnerships and cross-country research. The fundamental tenet of D&I research—taking what we know about improving health and putting it into practice—must be the highest priority. This book is nothing less than a roadmap that will have broad appeal to researchers and practitioners across many disciplines.

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