Diminishing Returns at Work

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
John H. Pencavel
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Working Hours ◽  
Good Health ◽  
Long Working Hours ◽  
The Past ◽  
Diminishing Returns ◽  
The Relationship

This book concerns working hours - in the past and in the present, in America and in Britain. The focus is on the relationship between working hours and outcome , such as production and health. Proportional increases in working hours are shown to result in smaller proportional increases in production, and the benefits in output of long working hours may not offset the consequences of long hours for the health and quality of life of workers. A distinction is made between nominal hours (those that individuals are observed to be working) and effective hours (those that are effective in producing goods and that are compatible with good health). The meaning of the link between hours and average hourly earnings receives particular attention. Firms are encouraged to experiment with different hours..

scholarly journals Reviving surgery with the smile, excitement, and Gemeinschaft concept: attempt at the Department of Surgery, Jikei University

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 69-74
Author(s):  
Takao Ohki
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Financial Incentives ◽  
Working Hours ◽  
Working Environment ◽  
Medical Doctors ◽  
Long Working Hours ◽  
Working Environments ◽  
Old Japanese ◽  
Younger Generation

AbstractBetween 1994 and 2004, the number of surgeons in Japan declined by 18%, whereas the total number of medical doctors increased by 30% during the same period. This was due to the fact that the younger generation avoided tough working environments with long working hours. We attempted to revive surgery by reintroducing the good old Japanese community as the model under the slogan of “intimate community with excitement and sense of secureness”. In the absence of financial incentives, we were able to recruit young staff, and the number of surgeons at Jikei University has increased by 28% over the last 12 years and currently we have 280 surgeons. Our experience showed that although the younger generation is conscious about quality of life and financial success, they also value excitement, friendship, and happiness, something we were able to provide without financial spending. However, our success may be an exception and cannot be generalized; therefore, we should continue to strive to improve the surgeon’s quality of life by creating a better working environment, including sustainable work hours and decent financial incentives.

scholarly journals Beauty and building stereotype: Aesthetics of the architecture

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 363-368
Author(s):  
Raffaele Milani
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Manufacturing Process ◽  
The Past ◽  
Differences Of Opinion ◽  
Heated Debate ◽  
The Absolute ◽  
Ways Of Thinking ◽  
The Masses ◽  
The Relationship

In this paper we examined the stereotype as a resilient model of types of created objects, a repeated and repeatable image of a manufacturing process, and a standardised model of virtuality; in other words, stereotyping gives form to things within a system of objects reproduced serially. The centuries-old synthesis of artisanship and material has been transformed in our times into design. To reconstruct an object means to retrace the techniques that produced it, including traditional ones. In terms of the relationship among technologies, there is a heated debate between those who want to defend the traces of the past as a memory important for the future, as well as an instrument for harmonising the masses, and those who favour the absolute novelty of the hybrid style that is now in vogue after the modernist phase. The latter support deregulating the manufacture of architectural objects and the incoherent, improvised organisation of the suburban environment. Throughout history there have been important differences of opinion on the value of humankind, quality of life, ways of thinking, and forms of culture and art

scholarly journals How to assess urban quality: a spatial multicriteria decision analysis approach [Come valutare la qualità urbana: un approccio di analisi decisionale spaziale multi-criteriale per gli spazi aperti pubblici]

2021 ◽  
Vol 28 ◽  
pp. 21-30
Author(s):  
Alessandra Oppio ◽  
Luca Forestiero ◽  
Loris Sciacchitano ◽  
Marta Dell'Ovo
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Public Space ◽  
Urban Design ◽  
Open Spaces ◽  
European Cities ◽  
The Past ◽  
The Social ◽  
Technical Issues ◽  
The Relationship

From the early 1990s the quality of public space is at the centre of the Agenda of major European cities. Today, more than before, the health emergency due to the Covid-19 pandemy has pointed out the importance of the relationship among public space, quality of life and health. Public and semi-private spaces, especially in high-dense cities and in the most affected areas by Covid-19, represent a strong driver both for restarting and for helping cities to face the new normal age. Despite the advancement of research during the past two decades and empirical evidence about the relationship among quality of open spaces, quality of life and urban sustainability, there is still a lack of studies on how to measure the quality of open spaces. Among the several research lines, the Urban Design approach across its evolution has always focused on it, starting from aesthetic as well as technical issues and increasingly including the social and economic ones. Dai primi degli anni ’90 la qualità dello spazio pubblico è al centro dell’Agenda delle principali città europee. Oggi, più di prima, l’emergenza sanitaria generata dalla pandemia da Covid-19 ha delineato l’importanza delle relazioni tra spazio pubblico, qualità della vita e salute. Gli spazi pubblici e semi-privati, specialmente nelle città densamente popolate e nelle aree più colpite dalla pandemia, sono un elemento chiave da cui ripartire per aiutare le città ad affrontare una nuova normalità e a definire una risposta alle restrizioni sanitarie. Nonostante gli avanzamenti della ricerca scientifica e le evidenze empiriche sulla relazione tra qualità degli spazi aperti, qualità della vita e sostenibilità urbana, pochi sono ancora gli studi su come misurare la qualità degli spazi aperti. Tra le diverse tradizioni di ricerca, l’Urban Design ha sempre prestato una particolare attenzione a questo tema, iniziando con aspetti funzionali ed estetici e includendo nel corso della sua evoluzione anche questioni sociali ed economiche.

The relationship between optimism, personal control and quality of life of patients with COPD

2002 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Arnold ◽  
A. V. Ranchor ◽  
N. H. T. ten Hacken ◽  
G. H. Koeter ◽  
V. Otten ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Personal Control ◽  
The Relationship

Management of Economics and State "Bottom"

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (6) ◽  
pp. 76-91
Author(s):  
E. D. Solozhentsev
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Artificial Intelligence ◽  
Probabilistic Models ◽  
Human Life ◽  
Special Software ◽  
Human Quality ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

The scientific problem of economics “Managing the quality of human life” is formulated on the basis of artificial intelligence, algebra of logic and logical-probabilistic calculus. Managing the quality of human life is represented by managing the processes of his treatment, training and decision making. Events in these processes and the corresponding logical variables relate to the behavior of a person, other persons and infrastructure. The processes of the quality of human life are modeled, analyzed and managed with the participation of the person himself. Scenarios and structural, logical and probabilistic models of managing the quality of human life are given. Special software for quality management is described. The relationship of human quality of life and the digital economy is examined. We consider the role of public opinion in the management of the “bottom” based on the synthesis of many studies on the management of the economics and the state. The bottom management is also feedback from the top management.

Exercise Capacity in Chronic Heart Failure

2012 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 57-60 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gina G Mentzer ◽  
Alex J Auseon
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Heart Failure ◽  
Exercise Training ◽  
Exercise Capacity ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Pharmacologic Therapy ◽  
The Past ◽  
Diagnosis And Prognosis ◽  
Future Therapy

Heart failure (HF) affects more than 5 million people and has an increasing incidence and cost burden. Patients note symptoms of dyspnea and fatigue that result in a decreased quality of life, which has not drastically improved over the past decades despite advances in therapies. The assessment of exercise capacity can provide information regarding patient diagnosis and prognosis, while doubling as a potential future therapy. clinically, there is acceptance that exercise is safe in hf and can have a positive impact on morbidity and quality of life, although evidence for improvement in mortality is still lacking. specific prescriptions for exercise training have not been developed because many variables and confounding factors have prevented research trials from demonstrating an ideal regimen. Physicians are becoming more aware of the indices and goals for hf patients in exercise testing and therapy to provide comprehensive cardiac care. it is further postulated that a combination of exercise training and pharmacologic therapy may eventually provide the most benefits to those suffering from hf.

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