Conclusion

2019 ◽  
pp. 263-268
Author(s):  
Jarred A. Mercer
Keyword(s):  
Fourth Century ◽  
Human Condition ◽  
Human Existence ◽  
De Trinitate ◽  
Theological Discourse ◽  
The Human Condition

The Conclusion provides a summary of the arguments of each chapter and shows how they cohere in Hilary of Poitiers’s trinitarian anthropology. In his autobiographical section of De Trinitate Hilary claims to have found “a hope greater than expected” (Trin. 1.11) in his contemplation of the infinite God, in which humanity, aided by its educative embodied existence (1.14), is destined for life and progress, not death and regress. Hilary’s theology reconstructed within his framework of trinitarian anthropology illuminates his own thought and provides avenues to reassess the nature of fourth-century theology and its controversies in a way that implicates the nature of humanity in that theological discourse. For Hilary, imperfect, mutable, finite human existence is defined by God’s perfect, immutable, and infinite life, so as to place the human condition in a state of perpetual progress from potentiality to perfection.

The Human Condition in Hilary of Poitiers

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Isabella Image
Keyword(s):  
Fourth Century ◽  
Human Action ◽  
Human Condition ◽  
Original Sin ◽  
Early Church ◽  
Stepping Stones ◽  
Body And Soul ◽  
Hilary Of Poitiers ◽  
The Individual ◽  
The Human Condition

The mid-fourth-century bishop Hilary of Poitiers is better known for his Trinitarian works and theology, but this book assesses his view of the human condition using his commentaries in particular. The commentary on Psalm 118 is shown to be more closely related to Origen’s than previously thought; this in turn explains how his articulations of sin, body, and soul, the Fall, and the will all parallel or echo Origen’s views in this work, but not necessarily in his Matthew commentary. Hilary has a doctrine of original sin (‘sins of our origin’, peccata originis), which differs from the individual personal sins and for which we are individually accountable. He also articulates a fallen will which is in thrall to disobedience and needs God’s help, something God always gives as long as we show the initiative. Hilary’s idea of the fallen will may have developed in tangent with Origen’s thought, which uses Stoic ideas on the process of human action in order to articulate the constraints on purely rational responses. Hilary in turn influences Augustine, who writes against the Pelagian bishop Julian of Eclanum, citing Hilary as an example of an earlier writer with original sin. Since Hilary is known to have used Origen’s work, and Augustine is known to have used Hilary’s, Hilary appears to be one of the stepping-stones between these two great giants of the early church as the doctrines of original sin and the fallen will developed.

Technoscience, transhumanism, telos

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Natasha Vita-More
Keyword(s):  
Human Condition ◽  
Human Existence ◽  
Moral Perception ◽  
Future Scenarios ◽  
Social Construct ◽  
Use Of Technology ◽  
The World ◽  
The Future ◽  
Key Events ◽  
The Human Condition

This chapter focuses on human achievements accomplished with the use of technology and science as methods to explore humanity’s most daunting challenges. Each era of human achievement reveals previously unimaginable goals that, once attained, impact and positively transform the world and the future of humanity. Transhumanism offers a social construct for action-oriented strategies to inform and mitigate many of these threats. These strategies stem from diverse fields of inquiry, research, and analysis of possible future scenarios, and suggest the processes for implementing them. Notably, counterarguments to an intervention in the human condition—the characteristics and key events concerning human existence—often expose themselves as biases in moral perception that, in due course, fall short. Yet humans continue to be fueled by curiosity and a need for amelioration to transcend limits. What is lacking and most imminently necessary to address the exponentially increasing technology in our midst, and society’s varied perceptions and reactions, is straightforward guidance in navigating towards the telos of our humanity.

scholarly journals Hamlet, or about Death: A Romanian Hamlet directed by Vlad Mugur (2001)

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (35) ◽  
pp. 51-60
Author(s):  
Monica Matei-Chesnoiu
Keyword(s):  
Human Experience ◽  
Human Condition ◽  
Human Existence ◽  
First Century ◽  
Literary Studies ◽  
Life And Death ◽  
National Theatre ◽  
The World ◽  
Existential Issues ◽  
The Human Condition

This essay looks at the 2001 Romanian production of Hamlet directed by Vlad Mugur at the Cluj National Theatre (Romania) from the perspective of geocriticism and spatial literary studies, analysing the stage space opened in front of the audiences. While the bare stage suggests asceticism and alienation, the production distances the twenty-first century audiences from what might have seemed difficult to understand from their postmodern perspectives. The production abbreviates the topic to its bare essence, just as a map condenses space, in the form of “literary cartography” (Tally 20). There is no room in this production for baroque ornaments and theatrical flourishing; instead, the production explores the exposed depth of human existence. The production is an exploration of theatre and art, of what dramatists and directors can do with artful language, of the theatre as an exploration of human experience and potential. It is about the human condition and the artist’s place in the world, about old and new, about life and death, while everything happens on the edge of nothingness. The director’s own death before the opening night of the production ties Shakespeare’s Hamlet with existential issues in an even deeper way than the play itself allows us to expose.

scholarly journals The Compassion of Zarathustra: Nietzsche on Sympathy and Strength

2006 ◽  
Vol 68 (1) ◽  
pp. 49-78 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael L. Frazer
Keyword(s):  
Friedrich Nietzsche ◽  
Essential Element ◽  
Human Condition ◽  
Human Existence ◽  
Accurate Knowledge ◽  
The Human Condition

Contemporary theorists critical of the current vogue for compassion might like to turn to Friedrich Nietzsche as an obvious ally in their opposition to the sentiment. Yet this essay argues that Nietzsche's critique of compassion is not entirely critical, and that the endorsement of one's sympathetic feelings is actually a natural outgrowth of Nietzsche's immoralist ethics. Nietzsche understands the tendency to share in the suffering of their inferiors as a distinctive vulnerability of the spiritually strong and healthy. Their compassion, however, is an essential element of the imaginative creativity that Nietzsche holds to be the goal of human existence. Although shared suffering may prove debilitating for some, great individuals must come to affirm their compassion as necessary in achieving accurate knowledge of the human condition.

scholarly journals Hav, hage, teater og temperatur i Cora Sandels Alberte-bøker

Nordlit ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 31
Author(s):  
Morten Bartnæs
Keyword(s):  
Present Article ◽  
Human Condition ◽  
Human Existence ◽  
Thermal Imagery ◽  
Central Function ◽  
Narrative Technique ◽  
Integral Element ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
The Human Condition

Current readings of Cora Sandel’s Alberta-trilogy (1926-1939) frequently tend to reuse the novels’ imagery in their own descriptive and interpretive statements – instead of treating this characteristic of the novels with the same degree of attention as, e.g., the trilogy’s psychological and political aspects, or its narrative technique. The present article attempts to draw attention to the trilogy’s imagery as a both autonomous and integral element in Cora Sandel’s novelistic art. Three metaphorical ways of thought which show their presence throughout the trilogy, are singled out: In the novels, the persons (and thus, implicitly or explicitly, the human condition) are frequently pictured as being situated on the high sea, in a garden or in a theatre. In the Alberta-trilogy, these time-honoured metaphors are the object of a refined practice of re-contextualization. In my attempt to trace this process, I draw special attention to the relationship between these metaphorical fields and the trilogy’s pervasive use of thermal imagery. In each case, I attempt to show that the thermal descriptions that are associated with the metaphorical views of human existence as a boat trip, a garden sojourn or a theatre performance have a central function in Cora Sandel’s use of these images.

scholarly journals Tożsamość i kondycja człowieka

2005 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 101-108
Author(s):  
Irena Grochowska
Keyword(s):  
Terminal Illness ◽  
Human Condition ◽  
Human Existence ◽  
Human Being ◽  
Word Condition ◽  
Key Word ◽  
The Way ◽  
The Human Condition

Human aims for internal integrity and unison at all levels of human are identity and all dimensions of human existence. According to Rull integrity is a gift from God, but also a task for everybody, only possible when a human being is open for autotranscendency. Unity of mankind is based on condition. The key word condition means that a human being is not neutral. The conditions indicates limitations and burdens of human being, although more and more frequently modern man tries to deny it, defining by himself who he wants to be and taking the place of God. Modern individualism is a lonely following of traditional utopia of society. Delsol claims that the most certain thing, which we can say about a man, is the existence of his condition, which acceptance is possible under condition of leaving the theory of ruling. We are not independent from our condition, we can free ourselves from it like we cannot deny the way we look, the condition is like terminal illness. A person’s dignity grows from the wound of finiteness. Greatness of man is about receiving and solving problems, a constant struggle, not owing a panacea for all human problems. A man who rejects reality, wanting to create his own self loses form and falls. To realise about the human condition would mean leaving the possibility of existence, potentiality for act. Human being who does not accept the human condition becomes undefined, he does not know his identity, he is restricted to mass, to biological body, he looks after it, improves it looking for fulfilment. But identity requires defining, one cannot be oneself if one does not know what one should be.

scholarly journals Life is Suffering: Thrownness, Duhkha, Gaps, and the Origin of Existential-Spiritual Needs for Information

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roger Chabot
Keyword(s):  
Martin Heidegger ◽  
Information Seeking ◽  
Human Condition ◽  
Human Existence ◽  
Spiritual Needs ◽  
Information Need ◽  
Considerable Time ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Information Practices ◽  
The Human Condition

LIS scholars have spent considerable time investigating the incipient stages of information seeking: the so-called “information need” as well as a host of other motivators. A study of twenty New Kadampa Buddhists, whose experiences were collected through semi-structured interviews, sought to explore their spiritual information practices and their motivations for engaging in such behaviour. An analysis of these interviews suggests that Martin Heidegger’s concept of thrownness can be paralleled with Buddhism’s First Noble Truth and Dervin’s gap metaphor, all which identify existential-level faults as inherent to the human condition. This paper offers that it is these closely-related problematic elements of human existence that are the origin of spiritual and existential motivations for engaging in spiritual information practices.Les chercheurs en bibliothéconomie et sciences de l’information ont passé beaucoup de temps à étudier les premières étapes de la recherche d'information : le soi-disant «besoin d'information» ainsi qu'une foule d'autres facteurs de motivation. L’étude de vingt nouveaux bouddhistes kadampa, dont les expériences ont été recueillies à travers des entretiens semistructurés, a cherché à explorer leurs pratiques d'information spirituelle et les motivations de leur comportement. Une analyse de ces entrevues suggère que le concept de l’être-jeté de Martin Heidegger peut être mis en parallèle avec la Première Noble Vérité du Bouddhisme et la métaphore de la lacune de Dervin, qui identifient les failles au niveau existentiel comme inhérentes à la condition humaine. Cet article propose que ce sont ces éléments problématiques étroitement liés de l'existence humaine qui sont à l'origine des motivations spirituelles et existentielles pour s'engager dans des pratiques d'information spirituelle.

Being Unconscious

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard Askay ◽  
Jensen Farquhar
Keyword(s):  
Human Condition ◽  
The Body ◽  
Human Existence ◽  
Existential Analysis ◽  
The Unconscious ◽  
Freudian Psychoanalysis ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Human Condition

This chapter argues for a rapprochement between Heidegger and Freud to gain a more unified, comprehensive, and holistic account of the human condition. While doing so, it explores the impact of Heidegger's philosophy on existential analysis and therapy by considering his global critique of Freudian psychoanalysis, and more specifically Freud's concepts of the Unconscious and the body. After a brief synopsis of his philosophy and its relevance for existential analysis, the chapter delineates Heidegger's critique of Freud's unconscious and considers how Binswanger, Boss, and Richardson try to preserve Freud's insights within the context of Heidegger's philosophy. The exploratory process then leads us to see bodily being as pivotal for the development of a truly holistic account of human existence. The chapter argues that Heidegger's humanism and neglect of the ontological primordiality of bodily being ultimately led him to a dualism he ubiquitously fought to avoid.

Existentialist Perception Of The Human Condition

1998 ◽  
pp. 31-34
Author(s):  
D.R. Bhandari
Keyword(s):  
Meaning Of Life ◽  
Human Condition ◽  
Human Existence ◽  
Fundamental Issue ◽  
Bad Faith ◽  
Freedom Of The Will ◽  
The Future ◽  
Complete Form ◽  
The Will ◽  
The Human Condition

Existentialism lays stress on the existence of humans; Sartre believed that human existence is the result of chance or accident. There is no meaning or purpose of our lives other than what our freedom creates, therefore, we must rely on our own resources. Sartre thought that existence manifests itself in the choice of actions, anxiety and freedom of the will. In this way the responsibility of building one's future is in one's hands, but the future is uncertain and so one has no escape from anxiety and despair. We are always under the shadow of anxiety; higher responsibility leads to higher anxiety. The pursuit of being leads to an awareness of nothingness, nothingness to an awareness of freedom, freedom to bad faith and bad faith to the being of consciousness which provides the condition for its own possibility. Concluding his thought, Sartre says that existentialism is not pessimism. He says that existentialism does not aim at plunging us into despair: its final goal is to prepare us through anguish, abandonment and despair for a genuine life, and it is basically concerned with the human condition as a complete form of choice. The fundamental issue, therefore, is an authentic meaning of life.

Erkenntnis und Leben in Gen 2–3 – Zum Wandel eines ursprünglich weisheitlich geprägten Lebensbegriffs

2015 ◽  
Vol 127 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Michaela Bauks
Keyword(s):  
Tree Of Life ◽  
Human Condition ◽  
Human Existence ◽  
Human Knowledge ◽  
Tree Of Knowledge ◽  
Good And Evil ◽  
The Human Condition

Meine These lautet, dass der Baum der Erkenntnis von Gut und Böse in Gen 2–3 identisch ist mit dem Baum des Lebens, wie er aus Weisheitstexten bekannt ist. Beide Bäume verweisen auf die menschliche Existenz im Diesseits. Der Tod ist in Gen 2–3 nicht als der »Sünde Sold« (Röm 6,23) gedacht, sondern ist Teil derThe motif of the tree of knowledge of good and evil (Gen 2–3) is similar to the tree of life in Proverbs. Both trees deal with human existence in this world. Death is not yet »the wages of sin« (Rom 6:23), but part of the human condition. The didactic narrative with mythical features in Gen 2–3 does not deal with sin, but is concerned with the tension between human knowledge and behaviour in relation to God.Le motif de l’arbre de la connaissance du bien et du mal (Gn 2–3) correspond à l’arbre de vie des textes sapientiaux. Les deux arbres font référence à l’existence humaine dans le monde. La mort n’y est pas conçue comme »le salaire du péché« (Rm 6,23), mais elle fait partie de la condition humaine. Par conséquent, le récit didactique aux traits mythiques de Gn 2–3 ne traite pas du péché, mais de la tension entre connaissance et comportement humain par rapport à sa relation avec Dieu.

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