Arnstadt, Mühlhausen (1703–1708)

Bach ◽  
2020 ◽  
pp. 32-42
Author(s):  
David Schulenberg
Keyword(s):  
First Marriage ◽  
Keyboard Music ◽  
Vocal Works

Bach’s first significant professional positions were as organist at Arnstadt and Mühlhausen. The first was a courtly residence town, the second a larger free city. His years at both must have been pivotal for his development as both organist and composer. They also saw his first marriage, to Maria Barbara Bach, and an extended trip to Lübeck where he encountered the music of Buxtehude. If by then he was not already composing prolifically, with the works of the next few years he established himself as one of Germany’s most original young composers of keyboard music, and during his brief time at Mühlhausen he also produced several impressive vocal works. During the same period, however, a confrontation with the Arnstadt authorities left him unscathed but was a harbinger of future tensions with employers.

Bach the Capellmeister

Bach ◽  
2020 ◽  
pp. 149-193
Author(s):  
David Schulenberg
Keyword(s):  
Religious Faith ◽  
Instrumental Ensemble ◽  
Keyboard Music ◽  
Vocal Works ◽  
Brandenburg Concertos

As Capellmeister, Bach was in charge of all musical matters at the court of Cöthen. Although the prince’s Reformed religious faith ruled out the performance of church cantatas, Bach did compose occasional vocal works for special occasions. His chief works of this period, however, were suites, sonatas, and concertos for the court instrumental ensemble, as well as keyboard music for his family and pupils. Among the famous compositions composed or completed at Cöthen and discussed in this chapter are the inventions, Well-Tempered Clavier, organ sonatas, cello suites, sonatas and partitas for violin and flute, and Brandenburg Concertos.

Bach the Organist

Bach ◽  
2020 ◽  
pp. 43-72
Author(s):  
David Schulenberg
Keyword(s):  
Chorale Preludes ◽  
Lutheran Church ◽  
Keyboard Music ◽  
Preludes And Fugues ◽  
Vocal Works ◽  
Organ Technique

Bach’s duties as a Lutheran church organist included “preluding” on chorale (hymn) melodies and maintaining instruments. At Arnstadt Bach must also have been expected to accompany singers both at court and in church, and during these years he also carried out organ “tests.” It is unknown whether he wrote any vocal compositions at Arnstadt, but he doubtless wrote much keyboard music and developed his organ technique during these years. Compositions examined in this chapter include chorale preludes and praeludia (preludes and fugues), as well as the great Passacaglia for organ and several vocal works (cantatas) probably performed at Mühlhausen, including the so-called Actus tragicus.

THE EFFECT OF THE ATTITUDE TOWARD BREASTFEEDING CONCEPT BASED COMIC ON THE ADOLESCENCE'S ATTITUDE TOWARD EXCLUSIVE BREASTFEEDING

2017 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 138
Author(s):  
Mekar Dwi Anggraeni ◽  
Lutfatul Latifah ◽  
Aprilia Kartikasari ◽  
Ima Rismawati
Keyword(s):  
Exclusive Breastfeeding ◽  
Nuclear Family ◽  
T Test ◽  
Breastfeeding Duration ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Marriage Age ◽  
First Marriage ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Post Test ◽  
And Control

Background and purpose: The earlier development of the attitude toward exclusive breastfeeding produces the longer exclusive breastfeeding duration. Considering the first marriage age among Indonesian, the attitude toward exclusive breastfeeding should be developed at the adolescence age. The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of the attitude toward breastfeeding concept based comic on the adolescent's attitude toward exclusive breastfeeding. Method: This was a quasy experimental posttest only with control group study. The respondents were provided an comic. The respondent's attitude toward exclusive breastfeeding was measured using The Breastfeeding Attitude Questionnaire. Data were analyzed using independent and dependent t test. Results: The majority of respondents were aged 17 years old in both intervention (70%) and control grup (63%), first child in both intervention (23,3%) and control grup (26,7%), and had a nuclear family in both intervention (80%) and control grup (90%). The independent t test showed that there was a significant difference between post-test scores among the intervention and control groups (t = 5,602, p < 0,01). Conclusion and recommendation: Nurses may use the Attitude Toward Breastfeeding based comic to increase the Adolescence's attitude toward breastfeeding.Keywords: Comic, Attitudes Toward Exclusive Breastfeeding, Adolescence

Crossover in the Median Age at First Marriage and First Birth: Thirty-Five Years of Change

2007 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kasey J. Eickmeyer ◽  
Krista K. Payne ◽  
Susan L. Brown ◽  
Wendy D. Manning
Keyword(s):  
First Birth ◽  
First Marriage ◽  
Age At First Marriage

Vasyl Bezkorovayny’s vocal works in Ukrainian music of the first half of the XX century

2019 ◽  
pp. 500-515
Author(s):  
Nataliia Kosaniak
Keyword(s):  
Choral Music ◽  
Instrumental Music ◽  
Symphony Orchestra ◽  
Vocal Music ◽  
The United States ◽  
Musical Life ◽  
Western European ◽  
Vocal Works ◽  
Post War ◽  
Talented Artist

Vasyl Bezkorovayny (1880–1966) was a talented artist, an active figure in the musical life of Galicia and a representative of post-war Ukrainian emigrants in the United States of America. He wrote more than 350 works of various genres. Among them are compositions for symphony orchestra; vocal works — for chorus, ensembles or solo singing; chamber and instrumental music — for piano, violin, zither, cello; music for dramatic performances. The article deals with the archival and musicological analysis of expressive and stylistic features of V. Bezkorovayny’s vocal works, based on the materials of Stefanyk Lviv National Library of Ukraine. Attention is paid to the place of the composer’s vocal masterpieces in the context of Ukrainian vocal music of the first half of the XX century. The most important achievements of the composer related to the genres of choral and chamber vocal music. In style, the composer’s works combine the influences of M. Lysenko, composers of the «Peremyshl school» and Western European romantic and post-romantic models. The original secular choral music of V. Bezkorovayny covers genres of songs, plays, and large-form choirs. In his solo songs the influences of romantic western European music and Ukrainian folk songs affected the formation and approval of the composer’s style. Keywords: vocal music, chorus, solos, melodic-intonation means, harmony, rhythm.

Impact of the divorce experience on the marital and family mindsets

2018 ◽  
pp. 88-96
Author(s):  
Елена Лактюхина ◽  
Elena Laktyukhina ◽  
Георгий Антонов ◽  
Georgy Antonov
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Demographic Characteristics ◽  
Representative Sampling ◽  
First Marriage ◽  
Active Population ◽  
Volgograd Region ◽  
The Social ◽  
Marriage Stability ◽  
Main Factors ◽  
The Individual

The article presents a comparative analysis of marital and family mindsets of two categories of the demographically active population of modern Russia: (1) individuals that have no experience of a divorce and (2) those who have already experienced one or more official termination of a marriage. The empirical base of the analysis is the data of the author’s questionnaire survey conducted by representative sampling in Volgograd and Volgograd Region in 2015–2016. The analysis was made on the following basic empiric indicators: optimal (from the viewpoint of the respondents) age for the first marriage, frequency of mentioning marital and family statuses as the respondents describe their own social and demographic “portrait”, legitimate causes of a divorce and a number of others. It is found that, in the case of sufficiently strong traditional marital and family mindsets, perception of marital norms is adjusted, if an “abnormal” event (such as a divorce) occurs in the individual’s life course. At the same time, perception of the marriage stability is less variable and does not depend on the social and demographic characteristics of the respondents, including the presence/absence of a marriage termination experience. The “strongest” factor that affects the change of the marital and family mindsets is age. With age (and, consequently, experience accumulation), importance of the majority of main factors capable of preventing the individual from a divorce decreases and, therefore, the risk of such event increases.

Aurora Floyd

2008 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mary Elizabeth Braddon
Keyword(s):  
Young Woman ◽  
Wilkie Collins ◽  
Mary Elizabeth Braddon ◽  
Power Struggle ◽  
First Marriage ◽  
The Feminine ◽  
Lady Audley's Secret

abstract ‘With Lady Audley’s Secret, Mary Elizabeth Braddon had established herself, alongside Wilkie Collins and Mrs Henry Wood, as one of the ruling triumvirate of ‘sensation novelists’. Aurora Floyd (1862–3), following hot on its heels, achieved almost equal popularity and notoriety. Like Lady Audley, Aurora is a beautiful young woman bigamously married and threatened with exposure by a blackmailer. But in Aurora Floyd, and in many of the novels written in imitation of it, bigamy is little more than a euphemism, a device to enable the heroine, and vicariously the reader, to enjoy the forbidden sweets of adultery without adulterous intentions. Passionate, sometimes violent, Aurora does succeed in enjoying them, her desires scarcely chastened by her disastrous first marriage. She represents a challenge to the mid-Victorian sexual code, and particularly to the feminine ideal of simpering, angelic young ladyhood. P. D. Edward’s introduction evaluates the novel’s leading place among ‘bigamy-novels’ and Braddon’s treatment of the power struggle between the sexes, as well as considering the similarities between the author and her heroine.

Timing of first marriage and women’s ability to negotiate safer sex in Nigeria

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-17
Author(s):  
Bola Lukman Solanke ◽  
Abayomi Folorunso Awoleye ◽  
Florence Folake Ikotun ◽  
Peter Olasupo Ogunjuyigbe
Keyword(s):  
Safer Sex ◽  
First Marriage
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