GENESIS OF THE «WOMAN’S» WAR IN CREATIVITY OF SVETLANA ALEXIEVICH (BASED ON THE MATERIAL OF THE NOVELS «THE UNWOMANLY FACE OF WAR» AND «ZINKY BOYS»)

The article examines the features of a fiction-documentary comprehension of the German-Soviet and Soviet-Afghan wars in the novels of Svetlana Alexievich «The unwomanly face of war» and «Zinky Boys». It occurs through the perception of a woman as a direct participant in the war, a mother, wife, whose war took away the most expensive – son, husband, father. The presence of archetypal images to combine separate chapters is common in both novels. In both her novels, S. Alexievich gave the archetypal image of a woman-keeper of modern sound, individual features, convincing the reader that this image is always relevant because each talented artist revealed not only its original meaning, but also created something new that was close to the man of each century.

Singer of the Trans-Baikal Cossacks: F. F. Tyutchev in the Russian-Japanese War

Russian Army and Border guard Colonel Fyodor Fyodorovich Tyutchev (1860–1916), a well – known chronicler of the Russian army and the border guard, served in the Russo-Japanese War of 1904–1905.The purpose of the publication is a comprehensive description of the stay in the Russo-Japanese War of 1904– 1905. The work used sources that had not been previously introduced into scientific circulation, which allowed analyzing the formation of F. F. Tyutchev as a military professional, as well as concretizing the literary and aesthetic concept of the writer. Russian-Japanese War correspondent F. F. Tyutchev, being a correspondent of the newspaper Novoe Vremya, promptly transmitted “hot” information about the affairs of the Russian army to the editorial office. The writer collecting material for future literary works talked with the participants of the Japanese campaign, valuing the opportunity to have conversations not only with the lower ranks who were on the front line but also with the generals whose decisions the outcome of hostilities sometimes depended on. According to the works by Fyodor Fedorovich, we can judge not only the events that took place in the Far East but also analyze the writer’s civil and author’s position, investigate his philosophical beliefs on what is happening, clarify his thoughts, compare the assessments given to him from what he saw and experienced in the war. The presented article develops scientific ideas and traditions in the field of national historiography, generalizing and analyzing individual, previously unknown materials about the Russian-Japanese war and its participants. F. F. Tyutchev, being on the staff of the 1st Argun regiment not only participated in the fighting but also proved himself as a talented artist of the word, conveying the truth of the Japanese campaign in his writings, creating a portrait gallery of the personnel of the regiments of the Trans-Baikal Cossack army.

Travelling to improve yourself and to increase common good of humankind and your country: recommendations of Leopold von Berchtold in the context of the Enlightenement discourse

The recommendations of the Bohemian philanthropist of the late eighteenth century Leopold von Berchtold to travelers were not unique: there were others before and after. In the previous centuries other authors also tended to recommend their readers to pay attention to the economic state of foreign countries and provided them with a long list of questions they had to ask the people in the country of their destination. However, Berchtold’s recommendations were the product of his time, the age of Enlightenment, and they mentioned numerous topics and problems characteristic for that period. For instance, the author believed that self-improvement of a traveler had to begin long before the start of the trip. In Berchtold’s opinion, a traveler prepared for the journey was a kind of ideal, universal superhuman who was physically proficient, expert in all spheres of science, mechanics, economics, and medicine, who knew many languages, and was a talented artist and musician. Among the topics related to the Enlightenment, to which the author paid attention, were, for instance, patriotism of the traveler, which he understood as civil virtue, destined to improve not only his own country but also the whole of humankind. Moreover, patriotism in Berchtold’s interpretation did not contradict cosmopolitanism but rather it based itself on it. Philanthropy – which in the eighteenth century was a kind of secular religion – also featured a lot in Berchtold’s recommendations. Finally, the theme of doubt, as a basis for a critical assessment of reality and verification of authorities, pierced through the whole text of Leopold Berchtold. So did the topic of the public sphere, especially sociability and creation of social networks. The recommendations of Berchtold are thus valuable as a source that can tell a lot about the age of Enlightenment – not only about the practical side of traveling but also about the intellectual history of that period.

A quest for perfection in science and art: The paleontological legacy of Manfred Reichel (1896–1984)

ABSTRACT Professor of paleontology at the University of Basel, Switzerland, Manfred Reichel was as much an accomplished scientist as a talented artist. Skilled in mental 3-D-visualization, aided by a sharp memory, and with a fine hand for illustration, he introduced comparative anatomy to the study of foraminifera, which is masterly illustrated in his analysis of Alveolinids, and used his knowledge of locomotion in modern birds as an actualistic method for portraying flying reptiles. Teaching was his motivation, and to aid his classes, beyond multiple drawings, he created a large number of scaled structural models of foraminifera and a life-size wooden replica of the Pteranodon with mobile articulations. Manfred Reichel was a perfectionist who left a large part of his studies and drawings unpublished.

Paul Moore’s Centennial Land Run Monument

In 2019, Sculptor Paul Moore FNSS completed his monument of the 1889 Centennial Land Run in Oklahoma City, OK. It took him over twenty years to complete this powerful work, which is one of the largest monuments in the world. It stretches over an area slightly larger than a football field and contains forty-five powerful sculptures of horsemen and wagons racing over the Oklahoma landscape of hills and creek. It is a vision that caught the moment after a cannon announced the beginning of the Land Run, in which over 50,000 individuals took part in an effort to claim land in the Oklahoma Territory. The sculpture contains masterful images of straining horses and frantic individuals caught in a vital effort to succeed in this race to claim valuable homesteads and pastureland. Moore was awarded the Medal of Honor by the National Sculpture Society this past October, partially in regard for this outstanding public work and the quality of sculpture this extraordinarily talented artist has created in his lifetime.

OMAN MUKHTOR AUTONOMOUS NOVELS AND LINGUPOETICS

The prose of the independence period is colorful and interesting not only because of the peculiarities of the compositional structure of its plot, but also in terms of its speech. Today's generation of artists pays great attention to the effective use of the inner potential of each word, the power of meaning. If the current generation of our people, which is now being renewed spiritually and enlightenment, cannot properly accept such new forms of artistic speech, then no one, not even the most talented artist, will be able to consume new forms of speech. although it enters, it cannot guarantee its permanent existence. In the novels that have been created in recent years, a variety of forms of artistic discourse have emerged, which undoubtedly increase the attractiveness of the works and give them longevity. Omon Mukhtor is one of our most talented prose writers, constantly contributing to the expansion of our views on the world by depicting real events through symbols. After all, literary creation is closely connected with the philosophical worldview. The heroes of Omon Mukhtor are also people who live and act in the world of their intuition and moods, and are distinguished by their uniqueness in a certain moral situation. They are the ones who purify their knowledge from dust and sins and achieve freedom of heart.

: OMAN MUKHTOR AUTONOMOUS NOVELS AND LINGUPOETICS

The prose of the independence period is colorful and interesting not only because of the peculiarities of the compositional structure of its plot, but also in terms of its speech. Today's generation of artists pays great attention to the effective use of the inner potential of each word, the power of meaning. If the current generation of our people, which is now being renewed spiritually and enlightenment, cannot properly accept such new forms of artistic speech, then no one, not even the most talented artist, will be able to consume new forms of speech. although it enters, it cannot guarantee its permanent existence. In the novels that have been created in recent years, a variety of forms of artistic discourse have emerged, which undoubtedly increase the attractiveness of the works and give them longevity. Omon Mukhtor is one of our most talented prose writers, constantly contributing to the expansion of our views on the world by depicting real events through symbols. After all, literary creation is closely connected with the philosophical worldview. The heroes of Omon Mukhtor are also people who live and act in the world of their intuition and moods, and are distinguished by their uniqueness in a certain moral situation. They are the ones who purify their knowledge from dust and sins and achieve freedom of heart.

DIASPORA TRANSITION-THE GERMAN REFUGEE BY BERNARD MALAMUD – INTRODUCTION AND ANALYSIS

Malamud emerged as a talented artist, depicting the life of the Jewish poor in New York. His creative works are appreciated for his allegory and mastery in the art of storytelling. Malamud was the son of Jewish grocers and he grew up in a predominantly Jewish neighborhood in Brooklyn. Some argue that this was the reason that he wrote stories "set in small, prisonlike stores of various kinds" Malamud explores the social realism and ethnic identity in most of his short stories – ‘The Jew Bird,’ ‘Black is my Favorite Color’, ‘The German Refugee’. Malamud's fictional works also include themes of compassion, redemption, new life, the potential of meaningful suffering and self-sacrifice, all of which can be found in “The German Refugee” "The German Refugee" concludes Bernard Malamud's second collection of short stories, Idiots First (1963). The setting is New York City in the summer of 1939, just before the outbreak of World War II.

Patrick Gautier Dalché, Marie-Rose Bonnet and Philippe Rigaud, eds. and trans., Bertrand Boysset, Chronique. Textes vernaculaires du Moyen Age 20. Turnhout: Brepols, 2018.

Bertran Boysset’s fame has been on the rise in recent years, as his multiple works have been brought to the attention of scholars and to the general public. Born between 1345 and 1350, Boysset lived his life in Arles, France, where he worked as a surveyor, invested in the fishing industry, owned vines, and composed several original works in Occitan, including a saint’s life, a manual for surveyors, and this chronicle. He died in 1415 or 1416. As Patrick Gautier Dalché observes, Boysset’s œuvre demonstrates a literary, scientific, and technical education that is wide-ranging (17). Responsible for the illustrations in his texts, he was also a talented artist (20).

Contemporary composer Vladimir Jovanović and his role in the renewal of church Byzantine music in Serbia from the 1990s until today

This work focuses on the role of the composer Vladimir (Vlada) Jovanović in the renewal of church Byzantine music in Serbia from the 1990s until today. This multi-talented artist worked and created art in his native Belgrade, with creativity that exceeded local frames. This research emphasizes Jovanović’s pedagogical and compositional work in the field of Byzantine music, which mostly took place through his activity in the St. John of Damascus choir in Belgrade. The author analyzes the problems in implementation of modal church Byzantine music, since the first students did not hear it in their surroundings, as well as the responses of the listeners. Special attention is paid to students’ narratives, which help us perceive the broad cultural and social impact of Jovanović’s creative work.