Decision-Making

2021 ◽  
pp. 104-117
Author(s):  
Itay Basevitch ◽  
Gershon Tenenbaum
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Coping Strategies ◽  
Real World ◽  
Self Regulation ◽  
Real Life ◽  
Neurophysiological Mechanisms ◽  
Underlying Mechanisms ◽  
And Coping ◽  
World Environment

Decision-making (DM) has been studied from two main perspectives: cognitive and ecological. Findings indicate that experts have advanced DM skills that enhance performance. The underlying mechanisms of DM skills relate to the attention and anticipation capacities to function without interruption under pressure of time and to counter various sources of stress (e.g., self-regulation and coping strategies). There are still many questions that must be addressed to fully account for the DM process and apply the findings in a real-world environment. The most urgent questions relate to the neurophysiological mechanisms underlying DM, team DM processes, training and measuring DM, making creative decisions, and comprehending the process of coaches’ DM during competitive conditions and other real-life situations.

scholarly journals Training Intuitive Decision Making in a Simulated Real-World Environment

2012 ◽  
Vol 55 (2) ◽  
pp. 333-345 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert Earl Patterson ◽  
Byron J. Pierce ◽  
Alan S. Boydstun ◽  
Lisa M. Ramsey ◽  
Jodi Shannan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Real World ◽  
Intuitive Decision Making ◽  
World Environment

The Human-IoT Ecosystem

2020 ◽  
pp. 1132-1156
Author(s):  
Vaughan Michell ◽  
James Olweny
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Real World ◽  
Human Perception ◽  
Smart Device ◽  
Context Information ◽  
Situation Theory ◽  
Powerful Approach ◽  
Iot Devices ◽  
World Environment ◽  
Support Decision Making

IoT devices offer a cheap and powerful approach to identifying real world states and situations and acting on this real world environment to change these states and the environment. Augmenting real world things with IoT technology enables the capture of real world context to support decision making and actions in the real world via powerful smart objects in a human- IoT ecosystem. Increasingly we will have to understand the Human-IoT or smart device ecosystem interaction in order to optimise and integrate the design of human and IoT systems. This chapter explores the design and categorisation of IoT devices in terms of their functionality and capability to support context to add to human perception. It then proposes how we can model the context information of both IoT devices and humans in a way that may help progress Human-IoT Ecosystem design using situation theory.

An Investigation of Cognitive Style and Alcohol/Work-Related Problems among Naval Personnel

1992 ◽  
Vol 22 (3) ◽  
pp. 241-251 ◽  
Author(s):  
Randall M. Jones ◽  
Camille Nebeker Ross ◽  
Barbara Reed Hartmann
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Problem Solving ◽  
Coping Strategies ◽  
Cognitive Style ◽  
Prevention Strategies ◽  
Work Related ◽  
Orientation Scores ◽  
And Coping ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Alcohol Related Problems

This study examines the relationship between cognitive style (i.e., information, normative, and diffuse orientation, and commitment) and alcohol/work-related problems. A random sample of Naval personnel ( n = 2000) with less than two years of service toward their first enlistment was sent a questionnaire to assess cognitive style [1] and alcohol/work-related problems. A total of 899 respondents (45.0%) returned their questionnaires. Findings support prevention strategies that incorporate problem-solving, decision-making, and coping strategies, particularly among participants who employ diffuse problem-solving/coping strategies (lack of exploration and commitment, avoidance of problems). Correlations between cognitive style and alcohol/work-related problems are theoretically compatible. Diffuse orientation scores are positively related to both alcohol- and work-related problems, while norm and information orientation scores are negatively related to both measures. Collectively, cognitive style measures explain 11.4 percent of the variability in alcohol-related problems, and 14.0 percent of the variability in work-related problems.

“Fish out of water”: understanding decision‐making and coping strategies of English as second language consumers through a situational literacy perspective

2010 ◽  
Vol 27 (6) ◽  
pp. 524-533 ◽  
Author(s):  
Madhu Viswanathan ◽  
Carlos Torelli ◽  
Sukki Yoon ◽  
Hila Riemer
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Second Language ◽  
Coping Strategies ◽  
Qualitative Interviews ◽  
Theory And Practice ◽  
Small Subset ◽  
English As Second Language ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Trade Offs ◽  
And Coping

PurposeThis paper aims to study English as second language (ESL) consumers in the USA. The authors seek to focus on consumers who are literate in their native country, yet akin to fish out of water due to language difficulties and unfamiliarity with the marketplace.Design/methodology/approachUsing qualitative interviews of 31 informants and shopping observations of a small subset, the authors examined cognitive predilections, decision making, emotional trade‐offs, and coping strategies of ESL consumers.FindingsThe findings relate to cognitive predilections, decision making and emotional trade‐offs, and coping strategies of ESL consumers.Originality/valueThe authors analyze ESL consumers from a situational literacy perspective, viewing the situations faced by ESL consumers in terms of functional literacy skills. The findings provide a variety of new insights, and have important theoretical and practical implications for theory and practice.

Managing Uncertainty in Paramedics’ Decision Making

2016 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 42-62 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hana Harenčárová
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Coping Strategies ◽  
Direct Impact ◽  
Naturalistic Decision Making ◽  
Decision Method ◽  
Pros And Cons ◽  
Critical Decision Method ◽  
And Coping

The objective of this article is to improve the understanding of uncertainty in paramedics’ work and the strategies they employ to manage uncertainty, and to provide a resource for training novices. Managing uncertainty is an important part of paramedic decision making and may have a direct impact on patient’s health. Yet, uncertainty has not been sufficiently examined in the naturalistic decision-making paradigm. Therefore, in this study I looked at the uncertainty paramedics have to deal with in nonroutine situations and the strategies they use to manage it. I conducted critical decision method interviews with nine paramedics from paramedic-only ambulance crews. To study uncertainty and coping strategies, I used the RAWFS (reduction, assumption-based reasoning, weighing pros and cons, forestalling, and suppression) heuristic framework. As hypothesized, types of uncertainty were predicted by incident phase, and the coping strategies were predicted by both incident phase and type of uncertainty. The most prevalent type of uncertainty was inadequate understanding of the situation, and the strategy most used to manage uncertainty was reduction. I describe specific examples of cases of uncertainty and the strategies used by paramedics, with the aim of providing materials for training the novices.

Realizing Challenges and Guarding Against Threats: Interactive Effects of Regulatory Focus and Stress on Performance

2016 ◽  
Vol 44 (8) ◽  
pp. 3011-3037 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kris Byron ◽  
Suzanne J. Peterson ◽  
Zhen Zhang ◽  
Jeffery A. LePine
Keyword(s):  
Job Performance ◽  
Coping Strategies ◽  
Regulatory Focus ◽  
Self Regulation ◽  
Prevention Focus ◽  
Promotion Focus ◽  
Challenge Stress ◽  
Hindrance Stress ◽  
And Coping ◽  
The Relationship

Self-regulation seems crucial to understanding how employees perform under stress because employees must regulate their thoughts, feelings, and behavior to deal effectively with work stress. Integrating regulatory focus theory and the challenge–hindrance stressor framework, we theorized that the effects of regulatory focus on job performance would vary as a function of the level of stress employees experience. Specifically, we contend that employees are more efficacious and motivated (and thus perform better) when they have established goal and coping strategies that allow them to cope with the stress they face; those lacking in these strategies are likely to find the stress overwhelming and taxing (and perform worse). Using multisource data of 160 salespersons, we investigated this relationship with two measures of job performance. We found that challenge stress moderates the relationship between promotion focus and job performance: When challenge stress is high, promotion focus is positively related to job performance; when low, promotion focus is negatively or not significantly related to job performance. We also found that hindrance stress moderates the relationship between prevention focus and job performance: When hindrance stress is low, prevention focus is negatively related to job performance, but when high, prevention focus is positively related to job performance. Moreover, we find some support for three-way interactions suggesting that using mismatched goal and coping strategies is especially harmful. Our results explain performance differences in high-stress situations and highlight the important role of self-regulation when employees are in stressful conditions.

scholarly journals A note on different types of product of neutrosophic graphs

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kartick Mohanta ◽  
Arindam Dey ◽  
Anita Pal
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Fuzzy Set ◽  
Real World ◽  
Real Life ◽  
Neutrosophic Set ◽  
Total Degree ◽  
Decision Making Problem ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Neutrosophic Graph ◽  
Real World Problems

AbstractFuzzy set and neutrosophic set are two efficient tools to handle the uncertainties and vagueness of any real-world problems. Neutrosophic set is more capable than fuzzy set to deal the uncertainties of a real-life problem. This research paper introduces some new concept of single-valued neutrosophic graph (SVNG). We have also presented some different operations on SVNG such as rejection, symmetric difference, maximal product, and residue product with appropriate examples, and some of their important theorems are also described. Then, we have described the concept of total degree of a neutrosophic graph with some interesting examples. We have also presented an efficient approach to solve a decision-making problem using SVNG.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document