The potentials of heresthetic and rhetoric in an open framing situation: theory and evidence from a survey experiment

To win a policy debate, political actors may apply two analytically distinct counterframing strategies, rhetoric and heresthetic. Rhetoric is when counterarguments are formulated in the original dimension of the debate, while heresthetic is using arguments in a different dimension compared to the original frame. Although both rhetoric and heresthetic are ubiquitous phenomena in the process of public opinion formation, there are no general rules to specify their efficacy. Drawing on a survey experiment carried out in Hungary in 2020 (N = 2000), this paper uncovers the factors determining the effect of the two strategies. Introducing a conceptual distinction between open and trade-off framing situations, the paper demonstrates that the structure of the situation matters. While heresthetic has a robust effect in trade-off framing situations, rhetoric may have a strong impact in open framing situations. Moreover, the effectiveness of counterframing depends on the party affiliation of respondents and the strength of their related attitudes.

Misinformation and Government Crisis Management in South Korea: Understanding Active Publics’ Belief in Misinformation about the Yemeni Refugee Issue and Its Effect on Active Communication Behaviors

This study aims to investigate how situationally motivated publics respond to misinformation in the context of the Yemeni refugee issue in South Korea. In particular, this study examined how situational motivation in problem-solving on the issue is associated with belief in misinformation and active communication behaviors in the framework of situation theory of problem-solving (STOPS). The results of this study showed that individuals with a high level of situational motivation are more likely to believe misinformation on a given issue. In addition, the result found that belief in misinformation mediates between situational motivation in problem-solving and information forwarding. The results of this study contribute to government crisis management dealing with refugee issues.

Rhetoric Situation of Novel Coronavirus (COVID-19) in Social Media and its Impact on Pedagogy

The current study aimed to explore the rhetoric situation of novel coronavirus (COVID-19) in social media. In this study, the researcher uses the rhetoric situation theory of Bitzer and Toulmin model of argumentation as a theoretical framework. The secondary data were obtained from social media (i.e., Twitter and Facebook from 15th March 2020 to 31st March 2020). Therefore, all the data were based on the current issue of COVID-19. The qualitative approach is used in this study. The findings revealed rhetoric situation led to the construction of the rhetoric message produced in social media. The rhetoric message was the subject of conversation in social media regarding COVID-19, which is produced intentionally to persuade others. Social media is responsible for the rhetorical situation today. However, rhetoric of the current situation in the pandemic COVID-19 cannot be ignored, the role of rhetorical arguments in the digital era, or better known as the digital rhetoric.

Information Flow in Logics in the Vicinity of BB

Situation theory, and channel theory in particular, have been used to provide motivational accounts of the ternary relation semantics of relevant, substructural, and various non-classical logics. Among the constraints imposed by channel-theory, we must posit a certain existence criterion for situations which result from the composites of multiple channels (this is used in modeling information flow). In associative non-classical logics, it is relatively easy to show that a certain such condition is met, but the problem is trickier in non-associative logics. Following Tedder (2017), where it was shown that the conjunction-conditional fragment of the logic B admits the existence of composite channels, I present a generalised ver- sion of the previous argument, appropriate to logics with disjunction, in the neighbourhood ternary relation semantic framework. I close by suggesting that the logic BB+(^I), which falls between Lavers' system BB+ and B+ , satisfies the conditions for the general argument to go through (and prove that it satisfies all but one of those conditions).

Watching televised representations and self-identity of national minorities: Israeli Arab citizens’ perceptions of their media representations on Israeli television

This study focuses on how Israeli Arab citizens perceive their media representations on Israeli television and why they consume television broadcasts even though they are marked mostly by negative representations. A new concept – “Communication Boundary Situation” – a development of Jaspers’ “Boundary Situation” theory, is the theoretical framework for the article. The empirical data was collected by conducting semi-structured in-depth interviews. The findings point to different attitudes among the interviewees towards their representation in various television genres, in particular, in advertising as compared to satire and drama. The suggested theoretical framework and its empirical implementation might be useful in examining how various minorities perceive their media representations in other countries.

AN INVESTIGATION OF REQUESTING SPEECH ACT IN “SERI PENDALAMAN MATERI BAHASA INGGRIS FOR XII GRADE” ENGLISH TEXTBOOK

This study examines the types of requesting strategies that occur in the English textbook and investigate the context of the dialogues in the textbook. This research employed qualitative content analysis approach. The data were utterances, in the form of sentences, clauses or words that appears in the textbook, while the contexts of the data were the dialogues. Data were obtained through document analysis consisted of nine request strategies. The data were analyzed by determining the request strategies based on Trosborg‘s theory (1995), and context of situation theory by Holmes (2001). The result shows that there are eight strategies of requesting found within the textbook. The types that appears most frequently within the textbook is questioning ability/willingness and the slightest showing up is mild hints and suggestory formulae. A few sorts are also found such as, imperatives, demands/needs, wish, permissions, and strong hints. The data showed, understanding speech acts also means understanding how language is used and practiced or, in other words understanding the context. Thus, misunderstanding and misinterpretation can be minimized.Keywords: Requesting, Speech Act, Context of Situation, Textbook

The Human-IoT Ecosystem

IoT devices offer a cheap and powerful approach to identifying real world states and situations and acting on this real world environment to change these states and the environment. Augmenting real world things with IoT technology enables the capture of real world context to support decision making and actions in the real world via powerful smart objects in a human- IoT ecosystem. Increasingly we will have to understand the Human-IoT or smart device ecosystem interaction in order to optimise and integrate the design of human and IoT systems. This chapter explores the design and categorisation of IoT devices in terms of their functionality and capability to support context to add to human perception. It then proposes how we can model the context information of both IoT devices and humans in a way that may help progress Human-IoT Ecosystem design using situation theory.

Learner Characteristics for Online Learning

Learner characteristics are vital to student success so that teachers can reach them and stimulate their curiosity such that they will wish to learn and find it interesting. One characteristic unique to the online venue is students feeling isolated. Other distinguishing elements include the type of course, whether students pay for their courses, demographics, self-efficacy, motivation, and control over the learning process. Technical characteristics also affect online learning. These characteristics include user-friendly technology, convenience, sophisticated technology, previous experience with eLearning, and access to mobile technology. Administrative characteristics are also important and include nine constituent elements. These include affective learning engagement and the success of community colleges. Then one must consider recognition of essential learner traits, learning styles, motivational factors, the situation theory of publics, and the role of self-efficacy. Next, administration should promote self-regulatory learning skills and improved course access. Finally, motivation characteristics must also be considered. All of these elements influence student success in online learning.

Public Speaking Melalui Diplomasi Kesantunan Berbahasa Di Balatkop Pemprov Jawa Barat

Many cooperation partners of the provincial government of West Java come from other countries that have different cultures with Indonesian or Sundanese. Language skills in the sphere of diplomacy associated with language politeness are needed here in order to make the goal of negotiation achieved and provide benefits to the people of West Java. Community Service Activities is conducted in public speaking training activities. This research uses a pragmatic approach. The theories used are a Pragmatic theory by Levinson (1983) and Speech situation theory by Leech (1993). This research applies a qualitative descriptive method in the social field especially language, communication, and international relations. The purpose of this activity is to provide knowledge and insight for the staff of the Bureau of Domestic and International Cooperation in West Java and also to improve their communication ability. The implementation of this activity received a positive response from the participants. They feel that this activity is very useful and provide insight and skills to speak more in public. This is very crucial for the lecturer and business agent in the Agency for Cooperatives and Entrepreneurship Training (Balatkop) of West Java Province. In addition, the benefit of conducting this Community Service Activity is useful scientific empowerment for the community as well as the existence of article regarding this activity thus it becomes more extensive.