Crime, Trust, and Signaling

2019 ◽  
pp. 21-40
Author(s):  
Rolando Ochoa
Keyword(s):  
Mexico City ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Social Life ◽  
Signaling Theory ◽  
Theoretical Framework ◽  
Central Objective ◽  
Victimization Rates

Today, Mexico is faced with a severe crisis in the fields of security and crime which has seeped into all areas of political and social life. In the last three decades, kidnapping has seen a puzzling evolution from a politically driven act in the 1970s to a crime that targeted the wealthy in the 1990s to a widespread crime that targets middle- and low-income victims today, thus producing many more deaths and higher victimization rates. Explaining these changes and how they affect communities in Mexico is the central objective of this book. This chapter outlines the theoretical framework for the book. I will use signaling theory to explore problems of trust in the context of kidnapping in Mexico City. This chapter presents a discussion of these theories in the broader context of governance.

Migrant Diplomacies: Rethinking Diplomacy Beyond State-Centric Perspectives. A Civic Bi-Nationality Experience from North America

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 37-46 ◽  
Author(s):  
Antonio Alejo
Keyword(s):  
North America ◽  
Mexico City ◽  
Theoretical Framework ◽  
Global Politics ◽  
National Interests ◽  
Interdisciplinary Dialogue ◽  
Contemporary Politics ◽  
Migrant Activism ◽  
Point Of Departure

There is a pressing need to extend our thinking about diplomacy beyond state-centric perspectives, as in the name of sovereignty and national interests, people on move are confronting virtual, symbolic and/or material walls and frames of policies inhibiting their free movement. My point of departure is to explore migrant activism and global politics through the transformation of diplomacy in a globalised world. Developing an interdisciplinary dialogue between new diplomacy and sociology, I evidence the emergence of global sociopolitical formations created through civic bi-nationality organisations. Focusing on the agent in interaction with structures, I present a theoretical framework and strategy for analysing the practices of migrant diplomacies as an expression of contemporary politics. A case study from North America regarding returned families in Mexico City provides evidence of how these alternative diplomacies are operating.

A Theoretical Framework for Mixed Methods Research with Canadian Families Living with Low Income

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 255-276 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carla Ginn ◽  
◽  
Karen Benzies ◽  
Leslie-Anne Keown ◽  
Shelley Raffin Bouchal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mixed Methods ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Mixed Methods Research ◽  
Theoretical Framework

A theoretical framework of the governance institutions of low-income housing in China

Urban Studies ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 55 (9) ◽  
pp. 1967-1982 ◽  
Author(s):  
Feng Deng
Keyword(s):  
Low Income ◽  
Rental Housing ◽  
Governance Structure ◽  
Theoretical Framework ◽  
Public Rental Housing ◽  
Governmental Intervention ◽  
Governance Institutions ◽  
The City ◽  
Important Form ◽  
Low Income Housing

This paper develops a theoretical framework for institutional analysis of the governance of low-income housing in the city. I focus on the provision of local public goods as a central issue for low-income housing. Factors that affect the governance structure from the efficiency perspective and the equity perspective, respectively, are explored. I argue that over-subsidisation is an important problem for income-redistribution institutions and, hence, public housing or social housing becomes an important form of governmental intervention in low-income housing. The framework is then applied to low-income housing in China. In particular, I analyse the governance structures of several major types of low-income housing including public rental housing, private low-income housing, work-unit compound and urban village.

Neighborhood Firearm Victimization Rates and Social Capital Over Time

2015 ◽  
Vol 30 (1) ◽  
pp. 81-96 ◽  
Author(s):  
Justin C. Medina
Keyword(s):  
Social Capital ◽  
Longitudinal Data ◽  
Theoretical Framework ◽  
Policy Planning ◽  
Regression Analyses ◽  
Neighborhood Social Capital ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
The U.S ◽  
Over Time ◽  
Victimization Rates

Distribution of firearm victimization is not equal within cities. Victimization can persistently concentrate in a small number of neighborhoods, while others experience very little violence. Theorists have pointed to one possible explanation as the ability of groups to control violence using social capital. Researchers have shown this association at the U.S. county, state, and national levels. Few studies, however, have examined the relationship between neighborhood social capital and violence over time. This study uses longitudinal data to ask whether neighborhood social capital both predicts and is influenced by firearm victimization over 3 years in Philadelphia. The results of several regression analyses suggest that trusting others and firearm victimization are inversely related over time. Implications for neighborhood policy planning and social capital as a theoretical framework are discussed.

The role of the intelligentsia in building a new Kyrgyz society

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Indira Bektemirovna Karabaeva
Keyword(s):  
Low Income ◽  
Social Life ◽  
Modern Society ◽  
Transitional Period ◽  
Subsistence Level ◽  
Social Tension ◽  
Large Families ◽  
The Unemployed ◽  
Economics And Politics

In the transitional period of changes in all spheres of social life, the formation of new views and relations in the economy, politics and socio-cultural environment is taking place. The struggle between the new and the old leads to social tension in society. In our opinion, the main reason for the growth of social tension in modern Kyrgyz society is the crisis in the field of economics and politics. To a large extent, the crisis manifests itself in the growth of unemployment and an increase in the population with incomes below the subsistence level, which leads to the marginalization of society and a change in the image, quality and lifestyle. There are so-called "points" of concentration of social tension in modern society. In social terms, these are groups of people of retirement age, youth, the unemployed, public sector workers, the intelligentsia, low-income, large families, etc. The purpose of this article is to show the role of the intelligentsia in building a new Kyrgyz society.

“It's Not Just a Bunch of Buildings”: Social Psychological Investment, Sense of Community, and Collective Efficacy in a Multiethnic Low–Income Neighborhood

2016 ◽  
Vol 15 (3) ◽  
pp. 231-263 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emily Walton
Keyword(s):  
Collective Efficacy ◽  
Sense Of Community ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Social Disorganization ◽  
Ethnic Diversity ◽  
Social Life ◽  
Investment Strategies ◽  
Social Psychological ◽  
Social Lives ◽  
The Social

This analysis of social life in a poor, multiethnic public housing neighborhood presents an opportunity for refinement of social disorganization theory. Drawing on data from interviews, focus groups, and participant observations among residents, I find that this neighborhood exhibits substantial collective efficacy, despite social disorganization theory's predictions that the structural conditions of high poverty and racial and ethnic diversity result in low collective efficacy. I explicate two social psychological investment strategies—sense of ownership and symbolic representation—that appear to facilitate a sense of community and ultimately collective efficacy, helping to explain this apparent anomaly. I argue that even in the presence of structural disadvantage, having a strong sense of community provides a basis for beneficial action on behalf of the collective because it constitutes a source of shared expectations about values and norms in the neighborhood. These findings suggest refinements to the social disorganization framework, but also provide foundational ideas for policy interventions that may improve the social lives of residents in disadvantaged neighborhoods.

Creative London? Investigating New Modalities of Work in the Cultural Industries

2008 ◽  
pp. 3807-3819
Author(s):  
David Lee
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Capital ◽  
Social Life ◽  
Theoretical Framework ◽  
Labour Markets ◽  
Creative Economy ◽  
Cultural Industries ◽  
Key Concepts ◽  
Contemporary Work ◽  
Post Industrial ◽  
Number Of Individuals

This chapter considers the emergence of the discourse of creativity in contemporary economic, political, and social life, and the characteristics of emerging labour markets in the cultural industries. In particular it is concerned with analysing the working experiences of a number of individuals working in the cultural industries in London. Using a critical theoretical framework of understanding, it examines the importance of cultural capital, subjectivisation, governmentality, network sociality, and individualization as key concepts for understanding the experience of labour in the creative economy. This chapter considers how creative individuals negotiate the precarious, largely freelance, deregulated and de-unionised terrain of contemporary work. As the economic becomes increasingly inflected by the cultural in contemporary social life, the terrain of experience of individuals working in these expanding sectors has been neglected in cultural studies. This chapter seeks to critically intervene in this area, arguing that the “creative” turn in contemporary discourse can be seen to mask emergent inequalities and exploitative practices in the post-industrial employment landscape.

Creative London? Investigating New Modalities of Work in the Cultural Industries

2007 ◽  
pp. 140-159 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Lee
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Capital ◽  
Social Life ◽  
Theoretical Framework ◽  
Labour Markets ◽  
Creative Economy ◽  
Cultural Industries ◽  
Key Concepts ◽  
Contemporary Work ◽  
Post Industrial ◽  
Number Of Individuals

This chapter considers the emergence of the discourse of creativity in contemporary economic, political, and social life, and the characteristics of emerging labour markets in the cultural industries. In particular it is concerned with analysing the working experiences of a number of individuals working in the cultural industries in London. Using a critical theoretical framework of understanding, it examines the importance of cultural capital, subjectivisation, governmentality, network sociality, and individualization as key concepts for understanding the experience of labour in the creative economy. This chapter considers how creative individuals negotiate the precarious, largely freelance, deregulated and de-unionised terrain of contemporary work. As the economic becomes increasingly inflected by the cultural in contemporary social life, the terrain of experience of individuals working in these expanding sectors has been neglected in cultural studies. This chapter seeks to critically intervene in this area, arguing that the “creative” turn in contemporary discourse can be seen to mask emergent inequalities and exploitative practices in the post-industrial employment landscape.

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