The Failure of the Imagination Concerning Ireland’s Pasts

2021 ◽  
pp. 356-382
Author(s):  
Nicholas Canny
Keyword(s):  
Early Modern ◽  
Public Scrutiny ◽  
The 1960S

It was hoped that disputes concerning Ireland’s early modern past would be resolved by opening the official archives to public scrutiny. Catholic-nationalist authors seemed generally satisfied with this, but hard-line Unionist authors, concerned over the evidence of continuous official malfeasance that had been uncovered in the archives, demanded that the depositions taken from Protestant survivors in the aftermath of the 1641 rebellion be declared an official source. At the same time, moderate Unionists became convinced that the history they had written of the early modern centuries had persuaded officials in London to adopt policies for Ireland that were detrimental to their interests. Under the circumstances they abandoned further investigation into Ireland’s early modern past at the same time that the interest of Nationalist historians waned because they believed their interpretations had been vindicated by such as Prendergast and Lecky. A once vibrant subject was thus abandoned and was not fully resuscitated until the 1960s.

Patterns of Food Consumption in Early Modern Iran

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rudolph Matthee
Keyword(s):  
Early Modern ◽  
Food Consumption ◽  
Historical Perspective ◽  
Fruit And Vegetables ◽  
Seventh Century ◽  
Consumption Patterns ◽  
Regional Variations ◽  
Global Context ◽  
The World ◽  
The 1960S

This article examines patterns of food consumption in early modern Iran from a historical perspective and in a global context. The discussion focuses on the period of the Safavid and the Qajar dynasties, or the early sixteenth to early twentieth centuries. The article first considers Iran’s cultural linkage to the world between the seventh-century Arab invasion and the advent of modern communications in relatively recent times. It then looks at the origins and movement of food in Iran before analyzing the diet of Iranians, especially fresh fruit and vegetables. It also explores regional variations in food consumption patterns in Iran and concludes with an overview of the changes that have occurred in food consumption patterns in the country since the 1960s.

Nature and Religion in America

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brett Grainger
Keyword(s):  
Native American ◽  
Early Modern ◽  
English Language ◽  
Natural World ◽  
Environmental Crisis ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
North American Continent ◽  
The North ◽  
The 1960S ◽  
Complex Words

One of the most complex words in the English language, “nature” (sometimes personified as “Nature” or “Mother Nature”) has been central to developments in American religions. Despite their different origins, the three cosmologies present on the North American continent during the early modern “age of contact”—Native American, African American, and Euro-American—shared a number of similarities, including the belief in an enchanted or animate cosmos, the ambivalence of sacred presences manifested in nature, and the use of myth and ritual to manage these ambivalent presences in ways that secured material and spiritual benefits for individuals or communities. Through encounters on colonial borderlands and through developments in society and culture (in science, economics, politics, etc.), these cosmologies have been adapted, developed, and combined in creative ways to produce new forms of religious life. These developments have been characterized by a series of recurrent tensions, including the notion of divine or spiritual realities as being transcendent or immanent, organicism or mechanism, and of the natural world as including or excluding human beings. Organicist and animist cosmologies, severely challenged by the early modern scientific revolution, were resurgent in the antebellum period, fueling a series of new religious developments, from Transcendentalism and revivalism to Mormonism and the early environmentalist movement. These generative tensions continue to reverberate into the modern day, in part as an outworking of the environmental crisis of the 1960s, which saw a purported “greening” of established religions as well as the rise of new forms of nature spirituality.

scholarly journals JOHN STUART MILL: LAW, MORALITY, AND LIBERTY

2016 ◽  
Vol 15 (3) ◽  
pp. 879-891 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. S. JONES
Keyword(s):  
Early Modern ◽  
Intellectual History ◽  
Early Modern Period ◽  
John Stuart Mill ◽  
History Of Political Thought ◽  
Cambridge University ◽  
Vast Literature ◽  
History Of ◽  
The 1960S ◽  
The One

Ever since the resurgence of the sub-discipline in the 1960s, the foremost achievements of the history of political thought have dealt with the early modern period. The classics of the genre—Laslett's edition of Locke, Pocock'sMachiavellian Moment, Skinner'sFoundations—have all dealt with that period, and it is hard to think of any works on the nineteenth century that have quite the same stature. Of all the canonical political thinkers, John Stuart Mill is perhaps the one who has proved resistant to the contextualist method. There is a vast literature on Mill, and many historians have written penetratingly about him—Stefan Collini, William Thomas, Donald Winch—but there has hitherto been no historically grounded study of his thought to rival, say, John Dunn on Locke or Skinner on Hobbes, or even a host of learned monographs. Before Varouxakis's book, no study of Mill had been published in Cambridge University Press's flagship series in intellectual history, Ideas in Context. But all that has changed. In these two works, published more or less concurrently, we have two triumphs for contextualism. They demonstrate in impressive detail just why it matters in reading Mill to get the history right.

Postindustrial Waterfront Redevelopment and the Politics of Historical Memory

2021 ◽  
Vol 73 (2) ◽  
pp. 184-208
Author(s):  
Harris Feinsod
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
Early Modern ◽  
Historical Memory ◽  
Long Beach ◽  
Dialectical Image ◽  
Moving Images ◽  
Waterfront Redevelopment ◽  
Two Phases ◽  
The 1960S ◽  
The Aesthetic

Abstract How have cities reorganized attention to their waterfronts after the decline of urban seaports? What kind of cultural record attends this reorganization? This article investigates the politics of historical memory at several sites of postindustrial harbor redevelopment since the 1960s. It locates the aesthetic sensibilities of waterfront renewal in a scattered network of comic tableaux in literature, art, and moving images, including the documentaries of Dutch filmmaker Joris Ivens, the sitcom Arrested Development, and a mural at Baltimore’s National Aquarium. Like fragments of Benjamin’s dialectical image, these scenes bring together the allegorical ruin of the urban seaport with comic efforts to inaugurate its future as a commercial esplanade, as if virtualizing and intensifying those two phases of Benjaminian historiography (early modern allegory and nineteenth-century commodity). Intermittently, where this dialectical image begins to be realized, these sites have erupted in acts of de-monumentalization by anticolonial and alter-globalization activists. The article locates fragments of this dialectical image in seaports including Rotterdam, Baltimore, Barcelona, Long Beach, and Genoa, studied under the names given to their harbors by developers: Europoort, Harborplace, Port Vell, Rainbow Harbor, and Porto Antico.

Part II: Port Systems

2007 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Early Modern ◽  
Case Studies ◽  
Early Modern Period ◽  
Northern Chile ◽  
Global Issues ◽  
Modern Period ◽  
Mining History ◽  
Port Systems ◽  
1960S And 1970S ◽  
The 1960S

This section consists of four essays that explore port issues from national perspectives, balanced against international and global issues, and local political and geographic concerns. The case studies explore the following topics: the northwest Portuguese seaport system in the early modern period; discourse and container revolution in Finland in the 1960s and 1970s; the ports of northern Chile in relation to its mining history; and the globalisation and privatisation of the ports of Turkey.

Assessed taxes as sources for the study of urban wealth: Bristol in the later eighteenth century

Urban History ◽  
1988 ◽  
Vol 15 ◽  
pp. 31-48 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elizabeth Baigent
Keyword(s):  
Eighteenth Century ◽  
Early Modern ◽  
Rural Land ◽  
Historical Sources ◽  
Industrial History ◽  
Late Eighteenth Century ◽  
Tax Returns ◽  
National Tax ◽  
The 1960S ◽  
The City

Little is known of the value of eighteenth-century rates and taxes as sources for the urban historian. Corfield, in her study of eighteenth-century Norwich, stated in 1976 that ‘the stereotyped nature of eighteenth-century tax assessments precludes use of fiscal data from national sources’ and this is a fair reflection of the then and to some extent the current orthodoxy, despite Rudé's pioneering studies of the 1960s in which he used land tax and poor rate returns to estimate the wealth of the electorate of Hanoverian London and Middlesex. Schwarz, in a study of late-eighteenth-century London, could still comment in 1979 that for eighteenth-century rates and taxes ‘little is known beyond general impressions’. Recently, however, Wright has thrown interesting light on the use of the Easter books and poor rates of early-modern towns and cities, and the 1986 volume on the land tax edited by Turner and Mills, although still largely concerned with the use of rural land tax assessments, includes three chapters on the value of the assessments in urban and industrial history. The writers hope that city rate and national tax returns might play a fuller role as historical sources, but their optimism is tempered with caution because of the returns' intractability and inconsistency. It is hoped here to reinforce both their enthusiasm and their caution, to reveal additional pitfalls and suggest ways to avoid them and in particular to extend the debate to the neglected pre-1780 assessments and to the city of Bristol.

The First Century of the Town of Tornio

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Risto Nurmi
Keyword(s):  
Urban Development ◽  
Early Modern ◽  
Political Process ◽  
First Century ◽  
Urban Site ◽  
Urbanization Process ◽  
Modern Age ◽  
The 1960S ◽  
The Town ◽  
Early Phases

The town of Tornio, on the border of present-day Finland and Sweden, was founded in 1621, on the order of the King of Sweden, to replace the old medieval marketplace on the estuary of the Tornio river. It was the northernmost urban site in Europe at the time. The founding and early development of the town was part of the broader trade-political process in the emerging Kingdom of Sweden during the early modern age. The original town was a small, wooden trading-post-like place, settled mostly by peasants from the surrounding countryside. This chapter provides an overview of Tornio’s urban development in its first century of existence, and discusses the development of the built environment based on the results of archaeological studies conducted since the 1960s. Lastly, the chapter addresses the early urbanization process of the inhabitants by considering their relationships with artefacts during the early phases of the town.

Shipping and Trade in Java, c. 1775: A Quantitative Analysis

1999 ◽  
Vol 33 (2) ◽  
pp. 405-420 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gerrit Knaap
Keyword(s):  
Southeast Asia ◽  
Early Modern ◽  
Original Work ◽  
Early Modern Period ◽  
Entire Region ◽  
Indonesian Archipelago ◽  
Modern Period ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Straits Of Malacca ◽  
The 1960S

Since the 1930s shipping and trade in Southeast Asia during the early modern period have attracted much attention from historians. The pioneer in this field was the Dutch scholar, J. C. van Leur, whose original work was translated into English during the 1950s (Van Leur 1955). Van Leur's interest was heavily weighted toward what he labelled ‘old Asian trade,’ and as such he was one of the first who called for an Asia-centric perspective. He drew attention to the fact that the maritime sector of Southeast Asia had its own dynamics. In the 1960s, M. A. P. Meilink-Roelofsz carried on the work of analyzing the indigenous maritime sector as well as the effects of the Portuguese and Dutch onslaughts on it up to the 1630s (Meilink-Roelofsz 1962). Limiting our perspective to the Malayo-Indonesian Archipelago, in the last decade several regional case studies have further enhanced our knowledge of the subject, such as those on Sulu (Warren 1981), Batavia (Blussé 1986), Amboina (Knaap 1987), Central and East Java (Nagtegaal 1988), and the Straits of Malacca (Vos 1993). Furthermore, Anthony Reid has recently tried to create a synthesis for the entire region of Southeast Asia up to 1680 (Reid 1993).

Une Machine à Penser

2019 ◽  
Vol 25 (1-3) ◽  
pp. 285-291
Author(s):  
Carlo Ginzburg
Keyword(s):  
Early Modern ◽  
Research Experience ◽  
Unique Character ◽  
Early Modern Italy ◽  
To Come ◽  
The 1960S ◽  
The One ◽  
Good Neighbor ◽  
Witchcraft Trials

The author describes his research experience in the 1960s as an apprentice historian in the Warburg Library. His work on witchcraft trials in early modern Italy, he argues, was deeply affected by the library’s unique character. Aby Warburg’s law of the “good neighbor” (the book we need is placed next to the one we are looking for) is illustrated through a specific example: the encounter with a forgotten tract dealing with some anomalous Bavarian witchcraft trials — a book that would have been very difficult (if not impossible) to come across anywhere but Warburg’s Library.

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