Introduction

2018 ◽  
pp. 1-26
Author(s):  
Pablo Gilabert
Keyword(s):  
Human Rights ◽  
Human Dignity ◽  
Reflective Equilibrium ◽  
Three Dimensions ◽  
Practical Significance ◽  
The Ideal

This chapter outlines the main conceptual and substantive contributions of this book, and provides an overview of the three parts composing it. A characterization of the concept of human rights is offered. The eight components of the dignitarian approach to human rights developed in the rest of the book are outlined. They comprise: (C1) an account of human dignity; (C2) the ideal of solidaristic empowerment; (C3) a distinction between abstract and specific human rights and a division of three dimensions of a conception of human rights; (C4) an account of feasibility; (C5) general and dignitarian schemas for justifying rights; (C6) a contractualist framework of reasoning for justifying rights; (C7) the method of deliberative reflective equilibrium; and (C8) the idea of a deliberative interpretive proposal. Finally, the practical significance of the idea of putting humanity first—which follows naturally from the dignitarian approach—is identified.

Towards 3D image-based nanocrystallography by means of transmission electron goniometry

2004 ◽  
Vol 839 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter Moeck ◽  
Wentao Qin ◽  
Philip B. Fraundorf
Keyword(s):  
Lattice Structure ◽  
Three Dimensions ◽  
Structural Defects ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Means Of Transmission ◽  
Z Contrast ◽  
Individual Nanoparticles ◽  
Nanocrystal Model ◽  
The Ideal

ABSTRACTIt is well known that the crystallographic phase and morphology of many materials changes with the crystal size in the tens of nanometer range and that many nanocrystals possess structural defects in excess of their equilibrium levels. A need to determine the ideal and real structure of individual nanoparticles, therefore, arises. High-resolution phase-contrast transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and atomic resolution Z-contrast scanning TEM (STEM) when combined with transmission electron goniometry offer the opportunity of develop dedicated methods for the crystallographic characterization of nanoparticles in three dimensions. This paper describes tilt strategies for taking data from individual nanocrystals “as found”, so as to provide information on their lattice structure and orientation, as well as on the structure and orientation of their surfaces and structural defects. Internet based java applets that facilitate the application of this technique for cubic crystals with calibrated tilt-rotation and double-tilt holders are mentioned briefly. The enhanced viability of image-based nanocrystallography in future aberration-corrected TEMs and STEMs is illustrated on a nanocrystal model system.

scholarly journals Right to Dignity and Human Rights: Tracing the Values from Indian Perspective

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (2S7) ◽  
pp. 365-368
Keyword(s):  
Human Rights ◽  
Human Dignity ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
Human Identity ◽  
Indian Perspective ◽  
Right To Dignity ◽  
The Ideal

The present paper intends to focus on correlation of human dignity with human rights in Indian philosophical perceptive. The philosophy of India as a nation and Hinduism as a major religion sets a platform for the origin of human dignity and human rights and their correlation. In Hinduism, the importance of human dignity is evident from the fact that human beings are introduced as Amritasya Putrah Vayam – meaning thereby, we are all begotten of the immortal. The understanding of human identity and dignity is more ethical-spiritual than material. Right from the Vedic times, an invisible Atman - the Soul; Paramaatman - the Divine whole and ‘Chetna’ - Universal oneness always find mention in Hindu classical thought. Lastly the ideal of Vasudhaiva Kutumbakam – the whole world as One Family – also becomes unique in this age of Globalizations. In present age what we are actually achieving is not Globalization, but Mc Donaldization. The paper is purely conceptual and only available literatures have been taken in updating the paper following the doctrinal method of study

Dignity and Solidaristic Empowerment

2018 ◽  
pp. 161-189
Author(s):  
Pablo Gilabert
Keyword(s):  
Human Rights ◽  
Political Participation ◽  
Human Dignity ◽  
Decent Work ◽  
Positive Duties ◽  
Negative Duties ◽  
Normative Perspective ◽  
The Ideal

This chapter argues that the requirements of human dignity can be plausibly articulated in terms of an ideal of solidaristic empowerment. The ideal asks us to support persons’ pursuit of a decent and flourishing life by affirming both negative duties not to block or destroy, and positive duties to protect and facilitate, the development and exercise of the valuable capacities that give rise to their status-dignity. Enacting appropriate respect and concern for this dignity precisely involves enhancing and using power in solidaristic ways. The key notions of power, solidarity, and capability support as explored. The resulting conceptual and normative perspective has important implications for the justification of specific human rights, such as the rights to political participation and decent work, which are more fully explored later in the book.

convergent-beam diffraction from surfaces

1987 ◽  
Vol 45 ◽  
pp. 30-33
Author(s):  
J. A. Eades ◽  
A. E. Smith ◽  
D. F. Lynch
Keyword(s):  
Reciprocal Lattice ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Grazing Incidence ◽  
Three Dimensions ◽  
Plane Figure ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Convergent Beam ◽  
Beam Patterns ◽  
Beam Diffraction

It is quite simple (in the transmission electron microscope) to obtain convergent-beam patterns from the surface of a bulk crystal. The beam is focussed onto the surface at near grazing incidence (figure 1) and if the surface is flat the appropriate pattern is obtained in the diffraction plane (figure 2). Such patterns are potentially valuable for the characterization of surfaces just as normal convergent-beam patterns are valuable for the characterization of crystals.There are, however, several important ways in which reflection diffraction from surfaces differs from the more familiar electron diffraction in transmission.GeometryIn reflection diffraction, because of the surface, it is not possible to describe the specimen as periodic in three dimensions, nor is it possible to associate diffraction with a conventional three-dimensional reciprocal lattice.

Energy in Public Administration - Between Human Rights and Efficient Administration

2015 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 227-241
Author(s):  
Mirko Pecaric
Keyword(s):  
Human Rights ◽  
Public Administration ◽  
Legal System ◽  
Human Dignity ◽  
Human Mind ◽  
Public Affairs ◽  
Reciprocal Relation ◽  
Legal Principles ◽  
Informal Practices

This paper explores recent notions in public administration, which are intertwined and addressed to the administration of public affairs. On this basis it demonstrates that content of legal system is filled through the static legal principles and rules, but they receive their real content through the informal practices and conditions of the human mind. The paper concludes that discussed notions could have only one name, because they all are the synonyms of reciprocal relation between the human dignity and efficient administration.

The Concept of Imago Dei as a Symbol of Religious Inclusion and Human Dignity

2020 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
pp. 13-36
Author(s):  
Wojciech Szczerba
Keyword(s):  
Human Rights ◽  
Modern Philosophy ◽  
Human Dignity ◽  
Imago Dei ◽  
Future Generations ◽  
Gregory Of Nyssa ◽  
Relational Concept ◽  
Secular Society ◽  
Protestant Theologian ◽  
Inclusive Theology

This article aims to examine how the concept of Imago Dei can serve as a symbol for the broadly understood idea of religious inclusion and human dignity. The article explores the concept of Imago Dei primarily from a protological perspective, analyzing its usage in biblical writings, theological tradition and modern philosophy. The substantial, relational and functional—which three usages of the concept can be found in the inclusive theology of Gregory of Nyssa—are analyzed in this article. Arguably, in the context of religious inclusion, the relational angle of Imago Dei seems to be the most important. Similarly contemporary Protestant theologian, Jürgen Moltmann states in his book, God in the Creation, that the “relational” concept of Imago Dei underscores the fundamental dignity of every person. In his book, God for Secular Society, Moltmann states that properly understood human rights should include democratic relationships between people, cooperation between societies, concern for the environment in which people live, and responsibility for future generations. From these perspectives, the concept of Imago Dei can be utilized as a symbol indicating the dignity of every person and human community, but also a symbol against any types of racism, nationalism or xenophobia.

Biblical Philology and Hermeneutical Debate in the Dutch Republic in the Second Half of the Seventeenth Century

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jetze Touber
Keyword(s):  
Seventeenth Century ◽  
Human Dignity ◽  
Dutch Republic ◽  
Biblical Scholarship ◽  
The Enlightenment ◽  
Conflicting Interests ◽  
The Ideal ◽  
Held Back

Spinoza’s time was rife with conflicts. Historians tend to structure these by grouping two opposing forces: progressive Cartesio-Cocceian-liberals versus conservative Aristotelian-Voetian-Orangists. Moderately enlightened progressives, so the story goes, endorsed notions such as human dignity, toleration, freedom of opinion, but shied away from radicalism, held back by the conservative counterforce. Yet the drift was supposed to be inevitably towards the Enlightenment. This chapter tries to capture theological conflicts in the Dutch Republic of the Early Enlightenment in a triangular scheme, that covers a wider range of conflicting interests. Its corners are constituted by ‘dogmatism’ (Dordrecht orthodoxy), ‘scripturalism’ (Cocceianism), and ‘rationalism’ (theology inspired by Cartesianism, Spinozism, or any other brand of new philosophy). Dogmatics and rationalists battled in terms of philosophy, whereas the scripturalists and their respective opponents fought each other rather in the field of biblical scholarship. This multilateral conflict within Dutch Calvinism made the ideal of a unified church untenable.

The Intersection of Security and Justice in Global Governance

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
William Durch ◽  
Joris Larik ◽  
Richard Ponzio
Keyword(s):  
Human Rights ◽  
Conceptual Framework ◽  
Global Governance ◽  
Human Dignity ◽  
Structural Violence ◽  
Essential Elements ◽  
International Level ◽  
The Core ◽  
Personal Community

Security and justice are both essential elements in humanity’s quest not only to survive but to thrive with dignity; neither is sustainable alone. Security is merely the appearance of order in a framework of structural violence unless tempered or leavened by concepts of justice that include human rights, human dignity, and other normative limits on the use of power. The pursuit of justice, whether at the personal, community, national, or international level can be crippled if not matched, in turn, by means to sustain security at each level. This complementarity of security and justice—despite their inherent tensions—is the core conceptual framework of the book. Achieving “just security,” we argue, is essential to the success of any global governance enterprise or architecture.

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