The Middle East in the 620s

2021 ◽  
pp. 134-190
Author(s):  
James Howard-Johnston
Keyword(s):  
Middle East ◽  
Administrative Practices ◽  
Successor State ◽  
Local Elites ◽  
Government Functions ◽  
Roman Provinces ◽  
Steep Decline ◽  
At Home

The narrative halts temporarily, for some analysis of structures. The steep decline of urbanism documented later in the Roman successor state (Byzantium) had not yet set in, but a first stage in the centralization of government functions was already discernible. The costs of the war bore heavily on both belligerents, but there was more strain on Roman finances. The Sasanians were able to draw on the resources of the occupied Roman provinces, but were careful not to increase the rate of taxation. They also showed sensitivity in handling local elites and minimizing changes to administrative practices. At home confidence grew in ultimate victory and preparations were made for its commemoration in monumental rock reliefs.

Hegemonic Disarray—American Internationalisms and World Disorder

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel Deudney
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Policy ◽  
Cold War ◽  
Middle East ◽  
International Order ◽  
The World ◽  
The Usa ◽  
The Cold War ◽  
At Home

The end of the Cold War left the USA as uncontested hegemon and shaper of the globalization and international order. Yet the international order has been unintentionally but repeatedly shaken by American interventionism and affronts to both allies and rivals. This is particularly the case in the Middle East as the wars in Afghanistan and Iraq as well as the nuclear negotiations with Iran show. Therefore, the once unquestioned authority and power of the USA have been challenged at home as well as abroad. By bringing disorder rather than order to the world, US behavior in these conflicts has also caused domestic exhaustion and division. This, in turn, has led to a more restrained and as of late isolationist foreign policy from the USA, leaving the role as shaper of the international order increasingly to others.

Particularism versus Pluriculturalism

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maud S. Mandel
Keyword(s):  
Middle East ◽  
Gulf War ◽  
Religious Participation ◽  
Making Sense ◽  
At Home

This chapter traces the rise and fall of a Muslim–Jewish alliance to fight racism in 1980s France. It argues that the widespread excitement over the joint anti-racist campaign in the mid-1980s overlooked ongoing tensions between “particularistic” and “pluricultural” approaches to ethno-religious participation in the French state. Divisions over the Palestinian–Israeli conflict both prior to and during the 1991 Gulf War made these tensions evident as, once again, debates over the Middle East became a means of making sense of politics at home. Although calls for joint anti-racist campaigns never disappeared, by the end of the 1980s, those who articulated such appeals had backed away from a “pluricultural” model. While Muslims and Jews should work together, they argued, their perspectives and goals were necessarily divergent.

Middle East powers may ally against Turkey

2020 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Middle East ◽  
Foreign Investor ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Regional Powers ◽  
At Home

Significance The move reflects Turkey's failure to contain advances by the Moscow-backed Damascus government. President Recep Tayyip Erdogan has engaged in multiple military adventures in the Middle East, accompanied by grandiose rhetoric at home. However, there is growing pushback from a range of regional powers. Impacts Foreign investor worries over Turkey’s accumulation of geopolitical risk will keep the lira weak. Erdogan will further leverage his anti-Western rhetoric and policies to gain popularity in Sunni Muslim states beyond the Middle East. Erdogan’s intensifying clash with French President Emmanuel Macron could worsen tensions in regional theatres including Lebanon and Libya.

Arab Awakening and Its Impact on Bangladesh

2015 ◽  
Vol 2 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 119-134
Author(s):  
Imtiaz Ahmed
Keyword(s):  
Middle East ◽  
Arab Spring ◽  
Arab World ◽  
Social Discourses ◽  
The Arab Spring ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Way ◽  
At Home

Arab Awakening or Arab Spring has caught the imagination of many and has been a subject of intense discussions both at home and abroad. But then what impact did it have outside the Arab world, indeed, in places which remains related to it theologically, economically, socially, gastronomically, through ideas and dogmas such as Bangladesh? Will the impact be limited to politics or will it include the religious discourses as well? Will it boost the economy or see a decline? What about the Bangladeshi diaspora in the Middle East-will it play a different role and contribute to the economic and social discourses back home now that the Arab world is on the way of experiencing greater freedom? Will it transform the religious discourses that have lately infected Bangladesh? Or, will the spirit of the Arab spring be used for narrow political goals? Answers, however, may not be as easy as the queries. The article will try to explain as to why that is the case.

scholarly journals Definition of the perceived self-care ability in stroke survivors living at home in the Middle East : a protocol for a Systematic Literature Review

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nasrin Jafari-golestan ◽  
asghar dalvandi ◽  
Mohammadali Hosseini ◽  
Masoud Fallahi-Khoshknab ◽  
Abbas Ebadi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Middle East ◽  
Literature Review ◽  
Systematic Literature Review ◽  
Self Care ◽  
Stroke Patients ◽  
Related Literature ◽  
Middle East Countries ◽  
Mesh Terms ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
At Home

Abstract Background : A stroke brings about several adverse outcomes so that a stroke patient faces numerous physical, and sensory together with cognitive, and psychological disorders. These disorders influence patients’ perceived self-care ability. There is no agreement on what the perceived self- care ability in stroke patients living at home is. Because of various cultures and medical systems, such an ambiguity may be more serious when it comes to the Middle East countries compared to advanced ones. This Systematic Literature Review aims to summarize the literature on this concept and propose a definition which might help similar research on the stroke in the future. Methods : The databases PubMed, Scopus, CINAHL, PsycINFO, PEDro, Web of Science, ProQuest, ScienceDirect, Index Medicus, EMRO, Google Scholar, Magiran, SID, IranDoc, and the stroke-related literature will individually be queried to retrieve related literature on the perceived self-care ability in stroke patients, using subject headings and appropriate MeSH terms. The inclusion and exclusion criteria will be developed and refined by the research team. Two independent reviewers will participate in each search stage including abstract/title and full-text screening, study selection, data collection, or quality assessment steps. We will restrict our search to articles published in the English language in biomedical journals since 1970 to 2018. The result will be tabuled, and meta-synthesis will be performed. Discussion: The results of this systematic literature review can present a more accurate definition of perceived self-care ability in stroke patients living at home in Middle East countries. Systematic review registration: CRD42018100520 Keywords: Perceived Self-care Ability, Stroke, Home, Systematic Literature Review, Definition, Middle East

scholarly journals Differences Between the Psychiatric Symptoms of Healthcare Workers Quarantined at Home and in the Hospital After Contact With a Patient With Middle East Respiratory Syndrome

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Su Jeong Seong ◽  
Hyung Joon Kim ◽  
Kyung Mi Yim ◽  
Ji Won Park ◽  
Kyung Hoon Son ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Middle East ◽  
Healthcare Workers ◽  
Acute Stress ◽  
Psychiatric Symptoms ◽  
Middle East Respiratory Syndrome ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Effective Measure ◽  
Psychiatric Problems ◽  
At Home

Objective: Although quarantine is an effective measure for the prevention of the spread of infectious diseases, it may have negative effects on the mental health of the isolated individual. During the 2015 outbreak of the Middle East Respiratory Syndrome (MERS) in Korea, healthcare workers came in contact with patients with MERS were quarantined either at home or in a hospital ward. In this study, we aimed to compare the psychiatric symptoms of these employees according to the method of quarantine.Methods: All 146 quarantined staff completed self-report questionnaires. Depressive symptoms were measured using the Patient Health Questionnaire-9, anxiety symptoms were assessed using Spielberger's State-Trait Anxiety Inventory, and acute stress disorder (ASD) symptoms were evaluated using the Stanford Acute Stress Reaction Questionnaire.Results: The in-hospital quarantine group had a higher rate of symptoms of depression (p < 0.001) and ASD (p = 0.014) than the group quarantined at home. Logistic regression analysis showed that respondents quarantined in the hospital (OR = 6.342; 95% CI 1.853–21.708) and those quarantined for longer periods (OR = 1.153, 95% CI = 1.036–1.285) had a higher risk of depressive symptoms.Conclusions: In-hospital quarantine and quarantine for longer periods increase the risk of depressive symptoms. When quarantine measures are taken, certain measures are needed to minimize the risk of psychiatric problems. Appropriate interventions should be implemented if psychiatric problems occur.

scholarly journals California Son

2014 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 102-106
Author(s):  
Alison Powell
Keyword(s):  
Middle East ◽  
September 11 ◽  
The World ◽  
Geographical Perspective ◽  
Emotional Effects ◽  
At Home

This essay reflects on the life and service of late U.S. Ambassador to Libya, Chris Stevens, also known as J. Christopher Stephens, and focuses on his roots as a Californian. Stevens is best known as the ambassador who died in Benghazi, Libya, on September 11, 2012. The essay examines geographical perspective and orientation, the emotional effects of differing topography, the meanings of “here” vs. “there,” and “home” vs. “away.” In particular, the essay reflects on the orientation of Ambassador Stevens in terms of his place in the world. To those at home he was going away from the center of his world. To those he worked with in the Middle East he came to the center, which was where he knew he needed to be.

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