Faith and Science in Russian Literature

2019 ◽  
pp. 59-72
Author(s):  
Teresa Obolevitch
Keyword(s):  
Natural Science ◽  
Scientific Explanation ◽  
Russian Literature ◽  
Faith And Reason ◽  
The Absolute ◽  
Lev Tolstoy ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Spiritual Unity

Chapter 6 shows the presence of the topic of the relationship between faith and science in the thought of the most influential literature figures, such as Fedor Dostoevsky and Lev Tolstoy. Although Dostoevsky stressed the role of faith, his account by no means was a mere fideism. Dostoevsky respected natural science, even if he definitively marked the limits of the scientific explanation. Hence, he strove for an integral attitude embracing faith and reason in a single spiritual unity. By contrast, Lev Tolstoy was concerned about the absolute comprehensibility and rational obviousness of Christian truths, yet denied the significance of natural science.

Peter Chaadaev

2019 ◽  
pp. 41-46
Author(s):  
Teresa Obolevitch
Keyword(s):  
Natural Science ◽  
The Other ◽  
Faith And Reason ◽  
Russian Philosopher ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Theology And Science ◽  
The Relationship

Chapter 4 examines the topic of the relationship between faith and reason in the thought of Peter Chaadaev, recognized as the first original Russian philosopher. He treated faith and reason as two reliable paths representing feeling (of a temporary nature) and reasoning (which is more constant and stable) respectively, and both leading to God. Opposed to materialism and the newly found positivism, he tried to build a harmonious correlation between faith and natural science. It is argued that, according to Chaadaev, faith is the first stage of cognition but, on the other hand, it demands the confirmation of reason. Therefore, theology and science are complementary disciplines.

The Icon and the Hatchet. The Motif of Aggression Against Icons in Russian Literature before the Revolution

Ikonotheka ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 27 ◽  
pp. 93-108
Author(s):  
Dorota Walczak
Keyword(s):  
Fyodor Dostoyevsky ◽  
Russian Literature ◽  
Nikolai Gogol ◽  
The World ◽  
Lev Tolstoy ◽  
The Revolution

The present work focuses on the motif of aggression against icons introduced in the works by many Russian writers before the Revolution. Analysed material includes the works of Nikolai Gogol, Fyodor Dostoyevsky, Nikolai Leskov, Lev Tolstoy, Dmitri Merezhkovsky and Vsevolod Krestovsky. The main aim of the article is to define how the authors imagined an act of imagebreaking and to determine who played the role of an iconoclast and what the presented motivation of such actions were. It attempts to answer the question of why so many authors felt the need to incorporate the motif of aggression against icons in their works, what literary and propagandistic aims this motif served, what feelings it was meant to evoke in the readers and what image of the world it strove to create.

scholarly journals The Philosophy of Science

2018 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Philosophy Of Science ◽  
Science Studies ◽  
Scientific Explanation ◽  
Research Area ◽  
Scientific Change ◽  
Current State ◽  
Special Sciences ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Common Vision

Philosophy of science studies the methods, theories, and concepts used by scientists. It mainly developed as a field in its own right during the twentieth century and is now a diversified and lively research area. This book surveys the current state of the discipline by focusing on central themes such as confirmation of scientific hypotheses, scientific explanation, causality, the relationship between science and metaphysics, scientific change, the relationship between philosophy of science and science studies, the role of theories and models, and unity of science. These themes define general philosophy of science. The book also presents subdisciplines in the philosophy of science dealing with the main sciences: logic, mathematics, physics, biology, medicine, cognitive science, linguistics, social sciences, and economics. Although it is common to address the specific philosophical problems raised by physics and biology in such a book, the place assigned to the philosophy of special sciences is much more unusual. Most authors collaborate on a regular basis in their research or teaching and share a common vision of philosophy of science and its place within philosophy and academia in general. The chapters have been written in close accordance with the three editors, thus achieving strong unity of style and tone.

On Becker’s Studies of Marijuana Use as an Example of Analytic Induction

2010 ◽  
Vol 41 (4) ◽  
pp. 535-566
Author(s):  
Martyn Hammersley
Keyword(s):  
Scientific Method ◽  
Scientific Explanation ◽  
Marijuana Use ◽  
Social World ◽  
Distinctive Features ◽  
The Social ◽  
Social Scientific ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Analytic Induction

Analytic induction (AI) is an interpretation of scientific method that emerged in early twentieth-century sociology and still has some influence today. Among the studies often cited as examples are Becker’s articles on marijuana use. While these have been given less attention than the work of Lindesmith on opiate addiction and Cressey on financial trust violation, Becker’s work has distinctive features. Furthermore, it raises some important and interesting issues that relate not only to AI but to social scientific explanation more generally. These concern, for example, the presence and nature of causal systems in the social world, the relationship between historical and generalizing approaches, the character and role of social scientific theories, and how they are generated. In this article Becker’s research is examined in detail, and these issues explored through comparisons with the work of Lindesmith and Cressey.

scholarly journals Post-Sekularisme, Demokrasi, dan Peran Publik Agama

2021 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 35
Author(s):  
Petrus Tan
Keyword(s):  
Public Sphere ◽  
Public Reason ◽  
Faith And Reason ◽  
The Public ◽  
Public Role ◽  
Religious Doctrine ◽  
The Public Sphere ◽  
Role Of Religion ◽  
The Relationship

<p><em>This article tries to elaborate the relationship between post-secularism, democracy and the public role of religion. The facts of religion’s global revival show the failure of secularization thesis about the disappearance of religion from the public sphere. In political philosophy and social sciences, this phenomenon is called post-secularism. In this article, post-secularism is understood as a phenomenon of religion’s revival in the public sphere or the legitimacy for public role of religion. This understanding is especially necessary  to encourage religion in addressing political, social and humanitarian issues. However, this understanding does not ignore the fact that religion often becomes a scandal and terror for democracy. Therefore, in this article, post-secularism also needs another understanding, namely as "awareness of a reciprocal learning process" between religion and secularity, religious and secular citizens, faith and reason, religious doctrine and public reason. The last model of post-secularism is urgently needed in Indonesia.</em><strong><em></em></strong></p><p><strong><em>Key words</em></strong><em>: Post-secularism, secularization, religion, democracy.</em></p>

scholarly journals The Concept of A. I. Solzhenitsyn’s Historical Process: Cultural and Philosophical Context

2001 ◽  
Vol 14 (8) ◽  
pp. 1251-1262
Author(s):  
Ivan Yu. Makarchuk ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Russian Literature ◽  
Literary Works ◽  
Historical Process ◽  
Historical Processes ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Philosophical Understanding

Expressing his opinion on a particular occasion, event or problem in numerous interviews, public statements, letters, and articles A. I. Solzhenitsyn at the same time transmitted his conceptual considerations about the patterns and features of the course of historical process and the role of relevant actors (including individuals, nations, parties, and political figures) in it. A tendency towards cultural and philosophical understanding of historical processes and events, as well as interpretation of the latter in literary works and works of fiction, many of which are recognised as classic works of Russian literature, is typical for the Russian authors of the 19th‑20th centuries. Based on the publicist works by A. I. Solzhenitsyn, the author in a cultural and philosophical context consistently reveals the concept of the writer’s historical process which is constituted by the following aspects: the role of rulers in history, the relationship between history and God, the value of truth in history, unpredictability of history, and the need to treat history carefully

scholarly journals Andrey Zvyagintsev’s Loveless as the remediation of Mikhail Bulgakov’s The heart of a dog. Towards the question of cultural memory

2021 ◽  
Vol 30 (39) ◽  
pp. 183-199
Author(s):  
Beata Waligórska-Olejniczak
Keyword(s):  
Short Stories ◽  
Cultural Memory ◽  
Russian Literature ◽  
Feature Films ◽  
The Relationship

The article aims to examine the relationship between two texts: Loveless (Нелюбовь, 2017), the latest of Andrey Zvyagintsev’s feature films, and The Heart of a Dog (Собачье сердце, 1925), one of Mikhail Bulgakov’s most popular short stories. The studies are focused on finding the parallels showing the work of cultural memory, which is understood – following Aleida Assmann’s and Astrid Erll’s findings – as the process of continuous remediation, retranscription and negotiation of essential ideas in the space of culture. Consequently, the author is not interested in treating Zvyagintsev’s text as the illustration of Bulgakov’s plot, but rather in discussing certain topics which are deposited in Russian literature and constantly reused and reinterpreted, creating the framework for communication across ‘the abyss of time’. The analogies between the selected texts are sought in the area of their structure, some thematic overlapping, the authors’ approach to the issue of the authoritarian ideology and the role of technology as well as in exploring the function of space as one of the narrative mechanisms, in particular in the context of the category of home and anti-home.

Levinas's faithfulness to Husserl, phenomenology, and God

2011 ◽  
Vol 48 (3) ◽  
pp. 281-303
Author(s):  
THOMAS FINEGAN
Keyword(s):  
Emmanuel Levinas ◽  
Edmund Husserl ◽  
Husserlian Phenomenology ◽  
Contemporary Debate ◽  
Faith And Reason ◽  
Theological Turn ◽  
The Relationship

AbstractThe contemporary debate in phenomenology concerning the ‘theological turn’ raises the issue of the relationship between faith and reason. One of the foremost statements on the theological turn, that of Dominique Janicaud, is an affirmation of the faith–reason dichotomy in the context of phenomenology, specifically in relation to how thinkers like Emmanuel Levinas have abused the phenomenological project of its founder, Edmund Husserl. This article challenges the faith–reason dichotomy and shows that the role of faith in Levinas need not mark him out as a deviant from Husserlian phenomenology.

Choosing a Markov blanket

2020 ◽  
Vol 43 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas Parr
Keyword(s):  
Markov Blanket ◽  
Target Article ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract This commentary focuses upon the relationship between two themes in the target article: the ways in which a Markov blanket may be defined and the role of precision and salience in mediating the interactions between what is internal and external to a system. These each rest upon the different perspectives we might take while “choosing” a Markov blanket.

Staring Down Death

Crisis ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 37 (3) ◽  
pp. 212-217 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas E. Joiner ◽  
Melanie A. Hom ◽  
Megan L. Rogers ◽  
Carol Chu ◽  
Ian H. Stanley ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Suicide Risk ◽  
Clinical Utility ◽  
Blink Rate ◽  
Specific Task ◽  
Careful Planning ◽  
Eye Blink ◽  
Eye Blinks ◽  
Potential Clinical Utility ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract. Background: Lowered eye blink rate may be a clinically useful indicator of acute, imminent, and severe suicide risk. Diminished eye blink rates are often seen among individuals engaged in heightened concentration on a specific task that requires careful planning and attention. Indeed, overcoming one’s biological instinct for survival through suicide necessitates premeditation and concentration; thus, a diminished eye blink rate may signal imminent suicidality. Aims: This article aims to spur research and clinical inquiry into the role of eye blinks as an indicator of acute suicide risk. Method: Literature relevant to the potential connection between eye blink rate and suicidality was reviewed and synthesized. Results: Anecdotal, cognitive, neurological, and conceptual support for the relationship between decreased blink rate and suicide risk is outlined. Conclusion: Given that eye blinks are a highly observable behavior, the potential clinical utility of using eye blink rate as a marker of suicide risk is immense. Research is warranted to explore the association between eye blink rate and acute suicide risk.

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