Rise of the Scene-and-Summary Novel

2021 ◽  
pp. 35-69
Author(s):  
Brian Gingrich
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
Eighteenth Century ◽  
Johann Wolfgang Von Goethe ◽  
Henry Fielding ◽  
Friedrich Schiller ◽  
Focal Points ◽  
Realist Novel ◽  
European Literature

From the middle to the end of the eighteenth century, two figures above all serve as focal points for the development of a nascent theory of pacing in European literature: Henry Fielding and Johann Wolfgang von Goethe. In Fielding one encounters a notion of “prosai-comi-epic” pace that is light, centrifugal, and sprawling but opposed to another tendency that is more solemn, centripetal, and grave. Goethe, in his correspondence with Friedrich Schiller, is concerned with epic and drama: he and Schiller begin to distinguish between those two genres in terms of pace. What one can perceive in the intersection of such discourses is a formation, within novelistic fiction, of several axes of narrative movement that lead to the formation of units like scene and summary. If this seems like a straightforward path toward the nineteenth-century realist novel, one must pause and consider the aspects of romance that are embedded in novel pacing. Here, they appear as westering, world entry, and wandering.

The Allure of Synthesis: Science and the Literary in Comparative and World Literature

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (3) ◽  
pp. 351-372
Author(s):  
Alessio Mattana
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
Eighteenth Century ◽  
World Literature ◽  
Johann Wolfgang Von Goethe ◽  
Literary Texts ◽  
Scientific Texts ◽  
Hard Science ◽  
Long Eighteenth Century

This article offers a reconstruction of the scientific lineage of comparative and world literature. It will be argued that the approaches by Philarète Chasles and Johann Wolfgang von Goethe were influenced by the meaning of ‘comparative’ developed in scientific texts in the long eighteenth century. Building on the assumption that literature may be made into a hard science, a number of nineteenth-century comparatists then sought to elaborate syntheses of literature in the form of universal laws that would hold to all literary texts. I argue that this ‘scientifying’ approach to literature is still at work to this day, and I conclude my intervention by pointing to the epistemological issues that must be considered when the literary is treated scientifically.

Book Reviews

1999 ◽  
pp. 337-339
Author(s):  
Daniel Stone
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
Eighteenth Century ◽  
Eastern Europe ◽  
Central Point ◽  
European Literature ◽  
Modern View ◽  
Western European

This chapter presents a brief analysis of Larry Wolff's Inventing Eastern Europe. The book aims to deconstruct the term ‘eastern Europe’, arguing that the modern view of this region as exotic and backward took form in the eighteenth century — a point that provides much food for thought. Wolff argues his central point, that west Europeans had an exotic image of eastern Europe in the eighteenth century, convincingly, although his evidence suggests that the image took only preliminary form then. He observes in passing, however, that this image only became a full-blown ‘phantasmagoria’ in the nineteenth century. Despite the truly impressive amount of western European literature that Wolff has uncovered to support his thesis, some of his points seem forced. The chapter thus undertakes an analysis of the book's weaker points.

Şarlatan Yolcusu ve Göç Edebiyatı: Çatışma Modeli bağlamında bir okuma

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 175-184
Author(s):  
Onur Kemal Bazarkaya
Keyword(s):  
Johann Wolfgang Von Goethe ◽  
German Literature ◽  
Scientific Discourse ◽  
Friedrich Schiller ◽  
Migration Literature ◽  
Modern Times ◽  
Christoph Martin Wieland ◽  
Conflict Model ◽  
Ideal Standards ◽  
And Migration

Orta Çağdan hemen sonra gelen Yeni Çağın başlarındaki bilimsel tartışmalarda şarlatanlar çok büyük bir önem taşırdı; çünkü o dönemde söz sahibi olan bilim insanları onları olumsuz örnekler olarak görür ve bu olumsuzlukları kullanarak bilim için ideal ölçütler saptarlardı. Bilimde bu şekilde “negatif figür” (Hole Rößler) olarak gösterilen şarlatanlar, edebiyatta daha çeşitli ve kompleks biçimlerde ortaya çıkmakta, hatta kimi zaman karizmatik kişilikler olarak tasvir edilmektedir. Bu durum özellikle şarlatan figürünün yoğun bir şekilde sahnelendiği Alman Edebiyatında 18. yüzyılın sonlarında, 19. yüzyılın başlarında görülmektedir. Aynı zamanda söz konusu devirde yazılmış eserlerdeki şarlatanların neredeyse hiçbirinin yerleşik yaşam insanı olmadığı göze çarpmaktadır. Bitmeyen yolculukları gibi bu bağlamda sürekli kıyafet değiştirmeleri ve rol yapmaları da onların kişiliklerine esrarengiz bir hava katmaktadır. Bu çalışmada, Christoph Martin Wieland, Friedrich Schiller ve Johann Wolfgang von Goethe’ye ait eserlerdeki şarlatan karakterinin farklı işlevleri irdelenecektir. Çalışmanın sonucunda şimdiye kadar gözardı edilmiş şarlatan figürüyle birlikte Göç Edebiyatı kapsamındaki araştırmalara yeni bir bakış açısı kazandırmak hedeflendirmektedir.ABSTRACT IN ENGLISHCharlatan Traveller and Migration Literature: A Reading with the Conflict Model At the beginning of modern times, charlatans emerged as of great importance to the scientific discourse of those spokesmen of the scholar community who use them as negative examples and thus define ideal standards for their profession. Charlatans were seen as “negative figures” (Hole Rößler) in science; however, the way they were judged in literature was more complex and varied, and, in some texts, they even seem congenial and charismatic. This phenomenon can be noticed in German literature especially around 1800 when the charlatan figure is used very often. Moreover, it is conspicuous that charlatans in literary depictions of this period generally have no home and travel around constantly. Furthermore, the fact that they change their clothing and camouflage permanently offers to their identity a mysterious dimension. In the field of studies designated as ,Literature and Migration’, this paper aims to provide interpretative perspectives and, in this respect, examines the issue concerning the poetic functions of charlatan travellers as rendered textually in a number of relevant passages chosen from the works of Christoph Martin Wieland, Friedrich Schiller, and Johann Wolfgang von Goethe. 

Historical Fragments’ Mobile Echo

Transfers ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 115-119 ◽  
Author(s):  
Susan E. Bell ◽  
Kathy Davis
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Eighteenth Century ◽  
Cultural Revolution ◽  
Ming Dynasty ◽  
Third Century ◽  
Refugee Crisis ◽  
The Third ◽  
Opium War ◽  
The Subject

Translocation – Transformation is an ambitious contribution to the subject of mobility. Materially, it interlinks seemingly disparate objects into a surprisingly unified exhibition on mobile histories and heritages: twelve bronze zodiac heads, silk and bamboo creatures, worn life vests, pressed Pu-erh tea, thousands of broken antique teapot spouts, and an ancestral wooden temple from the Ming dynasty (1368–1644) used by a tea-trading family. Historically and politically, the exhibition engages Chinese stories from the third century BCE, empires in eighteenth-century Austria and China, the Second Opium War in the nineteenth century, the Chinese Cultural Revolution of the mid-twentieth century, and today’s global refugee crisis.

Living Same-Name Siblings and British Historical Demography

2011 ◽  
pp. 15-36 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chris Galley ◽  
Eilidh Garrett ◽  
Ros Davies ◽  
Alice Reid
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
Eighteenth Century ◽  
Historical Demography ◽  
Vital Registration ◽  
Regional Variations ◽  
Quantitative Evidence ◽  
Registration Data ◽  
Vital Registration Data ◽  
The Rich ◽  
Isle Of Skye

This article examines the extent to which living siblings were given identical first names. Whilst the practice of sibling name-sharing appeared to have died out in England during the eighteenth century, in northern Scotland it persisted at least until the end of the nineteenth century. Previously it has not been possible to provide quantitative evidence of this phenomenon, but an analysis of the rich census and vital registration data for the Isle of Skye reveals that this practice was widespread, with over a third of eligible families recording same-name siblings. Our results suggest that further research should focus on regional variations in sibling name-sharing and the extent to which this northern pattern occurred in other parts of Britain.

Who Was This Man?

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mitch Kachun
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
Eighteenth Century ◽  
Social Order ◽  
Atlantic World ◽  
Life Experiences ◽  
Broad Context ◽  
Military Power ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Revolution

Chapter 1 introduces the broad context of the eighteenth-century Atlantic world in which Crispus Attucks lived, describes the events of the Boston Massacre, and assesses what we know about Attucks’s life. It also addresses some of the most widely known speculations and unsupported stories about Attucks’s life, experiences, and family. Much of what is assumed about Attucks today is drawn from a fictionalized juvenile biography from 1965, which was based largely on research in nineteenth-century sources. Attucks’s characterization as an unsavory outsider and a threat to the social order emerged during the soldiers’ trial. Subsequently, American Revolutionaries in Boston began the construction of a heroic Attucks as they used the memory of the massacre and all its victims to serve their own political agendas during the Revolution by portraying the victims as respectable, innocent citizens struck down by a tyrannical military power.

Thérèse Raquin

2008 ◽  
Author(s):  
Émile Zola
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
Moral Values ◽  
Second Empire ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Founding Father ◽  
Realist Novel ◽  
Scientific Ideas

Thérèse Raquin is a clinically observed, sinister tale of adultery and murder among the lower orders in nineteenth-century Paris. Zola's dispassionate dissection of the motivations of his characters, mere ‘human beasts’ who kill in order to satisfy their lust, is much more than an atmospheric Second Empire period-piece. Many readers were scandalized by an approach to character-drawing which seemed to undermine not only the moral values of a deeply conservative society, but also the whole code of psychological description on which the realist novel was based. Together with the important ‘Preface to the Second Edition’ in which Zola defended himself against charges of immorality, Thérèse Raquin stands as a key early manifesto of the French Naturalist movement, of which Zola was the founding father. Even today, this novel has lost none of its power to shock. This new translation is based on the second edition of 1868. The Introduction situates the novel in the context of Naturalism, medicine, and the scientific ideas of Zola's day.

Natives, Religion, and Race in Colonial America

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Linford D. Fisher
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
Eighteenth Century ◽  
Colonial America ◽  
The Other ◽  
Native Peoples ◽  
Religion And Race ◽  
Racial Lines ◽  
Modern Sense ◽  
Over Time

Although racial lines eventually hardened on both sides, in the opening decades of colonization European and native ideas about differences between themselves and the other were fluid and dynamic, changing on the ground in response to local developments and experiences. Over time, perceived differences were understood to be rooted in more than just environment and culture. In the eighteenth century, bodily differences became the basis for a wider range of deeper, more innate distinctions that, by the nineteenth century, hardened into what we might now understand to be racialized differences in the modern sense. Despite several centuries of dispossession, disease, warfare, and enslavement at the hands of Europeans, native peoples in the Americans almost universally believed the opposite to be true. The more indigenous Americans were exposed to Europeans, the more they believed in the vitality and superiority of their own cultures.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document