Uncovering the Silent Other

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Philipp Zehmisch
Keyword(s):  
Social Mobility ◽  
Life Histories ◽  
Historical Analysis ◽  
Racial Stereotypes ◽  
Decision Makers ◽  
Infrastructure Development ◽  
One Dimensional ◽  
Forest Clearance

Chapter 6 explores how the contracting of Ranchi labourers from Chotanagpur as successors to colonial convicts in the task of forest clearance and infrastructure development has conditioned their marginalized position in the Andaman society. Since the advent of their migration in 1918, racial stereotypes attached to their ‘aboriginality’ accompanied the Ranchis to the islands. Having been continuously exploited and discriminated against as ‘tribals’ by decision-makers and members of the Andaman society, the Ranchis remained, as a result, alienated from the lines of social mobility. A historical analysis of the Ranchis’ disenfranchisement in the first section of the chapter is followed by the presentation of three exemplary life histories of subaltern migrants in the second section. Here, the author underlines the argument that migration cannot be understood as a one-dimensional process of exploitation, but that the voices and perspectives of subalterns as silenced agents of history must be considered.

scholarly journals A Cellular Automata Model of the Relationship between Adverse Events and Regional Infrastructure Development in an Active War Theater

Technologies ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 54
Author(s):  
Bozkurt ◽  
Karwowski ◽  
Çakıt ◽  
Ahram
Keyword(s):  
Adverse Event ◽  
Cellular Automata ◽  
Adverse Events ◽  
Decision Makers ◽  
Development Projects ◽  
Infrastructure Development ◽  
Complex Interactions ◽  
Proposed Model ◽  
Ca Model ◽  
Complex Formations

This study presents a cellular automata (CA) model to assist decision-makers in understanding the effects of infrastructure development projects on adverse events in an active war theater. The adverse events are caused by terrorist activities that primarily target the civilian population in countries such as Afghanistan. In the CA-based model, cells in the same neighborhood synchronously interact with one another to determine their next states, and small changes in iteration yield to complex formations of adverse event risks. The results demonstrate that the proposed model can help in the evaluation of infrastructure development projects in relation to changes in the reported adverse events, as well as in the identification of the geographical locations, times, and impacts of such developments. The results also show that infrastructure development projects have different impacts on the reported adverse events. The CA modeling approach can be used to support decision-makers in allocating infrastructure development funds to stabilize active war regions with higher adverse event risks. Such models can also improve the understanding of the complex interactions between infrastructure development projects and adverse events.

Reproduction Revisited: Comprehending Complex Educational Trajectories

2012 ◽  
Vol 60 (4) ◽  
pp. 735-753 ◽  
Author(s):  
Will Atkinson
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Capital ◽  
Social Mobility ◽  
Life Histories ◽  
School Success ◽  
Social Space ◽  
Vocational Interests ◽  
The Other ◽  
Space Travel ◽  
Educational Trajectories ◽  
The Uk

Pierre Bourdieu's famous theory of educational reproduction is often depicted by critics in simplistic terms: individuals either have plenty of cultural capital, and thus symbolic mastery and school success, or they do not and develop practical mastery and vocational interests instead. Social mobility, deviant trajectories and resistance, on the other hand, are seemingly impossible. The nature of Bourdieu's writing fuelled this perception, but implicit in his early work, and elaborated in his later writings, is the idea that class and capital possession are fully relational, gradational and refracted by family dynamics, thereby suggesting the existence of all manner of possible shades of difference between the two poles of reproduction. This paper, whilst acknowledging that reproduction is still the major feature of the education system in the UK, thus revisits Bourdieu's thesis and sketches some of the manifestations of this intermediate zone of educational performance, namely social space travel, the Icarus effect, recovered trajectories and pathways born of dispersed family fields. In so doing it draws on a qualitative research project examining the life histories of adults from a variety of class positions in Bristol.

scholarly journals Factors influencing decisions on delay claims in construction contracts for Indian scenario

2014 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 32-44 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nitin Balkrishna Chaphalkar ◽  
K. C. Iyer
Keyword(s):  
Construction Industry ◽  
Construction Projects ◽  
Decision Makers ◽  
Infrastructure Development ◽  
Court Cases ◽  
Cost Overrun ◽  
Root Cause ◽  
Delay Claims ◽  
Indian Scenario ◽  
Probing Questions

  Construction industry in India is second largest next to agriculture. In current era of infrastructure development construction projects occupy a key position. In any construction project contract time and cost overrun is a common feature, which gives rise to claims leading to disputes. These disputes if not handled properly tend to consume time and money of all parties to the contract. To resolve the dispute in optimum time, it is essential to understand the root cause of disputes as early as possible. Hence there is a need of analyzing the disputes scientifically.  The present study reveals from the study of arbitration awards that the causes for delay claims can be grouped in domains and the probable decisions to the disputes can be traced through the probing questions considered by decision makers. This paper attempts to identify questions related to disputes for Indian scenario through literature, arbitration awards, court cases and discussions with professionals.

Design as a Sequential Decision Process: A Method for Reducing Design Set Space Using Models to Bound Objectives

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Simon W. Miller ◽  
Timothy W. Simpson ◽  
Michael A. Yukish
Keyword(s):  
Decision Process ◽  
Search Space ◽  
Decision Makers ◽  
Sequential Decision ◽  
Modeling And Analysis ◽  
One Dimensional ◽  
Selection Policy ◽  
Sequential Decision Process ◽  
Formal Definitions ◽  
Optimal Modeling

Design is a sequential decision process that increases the detail of modeling and analysis while simultaneously decreasing the space of alternatives considered. In a decision theoretic framework, low-fidelity models help decision-makers identify regions of interest in the tradespace and cull others prior to constructing more computationally expensive models of higher fidelity. The method presented herein demonstrates design as a sequence of finite decision epochs through a search space defined by the extent of the set of designs under consideration, and the level of analytic fidelity subjected to each design. Previous work has shown that multi-fidelity modeling can aid in rapid optimization of the design space when high-fidelity models are coupled with low-fidelity models. This paper offers two contributions to the design community: (1) a model of design as a sequential decision process of refinement using progressively more accurate and expensive models, and (2) a connected approach for how conceptual models couple with detailed models. Formal definitions of the process are provided, and a simple one-dimensional example is presented to demonstrate the use of sequential multi-fidelity modeling in determining an optimal modeling selection policy.

scholarly journals An Analysis of Biographies in Collective Memory Research: The Method of Socio-Historical Analysis

2019 ◽  
Vol 15 (3) ◽  
pp. 94-109
Author(s):  
Elifcan Karacan
Keyword(s):  
Qualitative Research ◽  
Collective Memory ◽  
Empirical Data ◽  
Life Histories ◽  
Historical Analysis ◽  
Memory Studies ◽  
Time Span ◽  
Macro Level ◽  
Reconstruction Method ◽  
Memory Research

This article explores the use of biographies in qualitative research about collective memory. It is argued that commemorative ceremonies, as well as changes appearing in macro-level structures within the time-span of individuals’ life histories need to be included when analyzing biographies in collective memory studies. The article suggests enhancement of the biographical case reconstruction method (Rosenthal 1993; 2004) with two additional stages: analysis of the experienced past with more emphasis on socio-historical transformations; and inclusion and analysis of the ethnographical data collected from collective mnemonic practices. By providing empirical data from the research conducted with political exiles in Germany, these analytical steps of the method of socio-historical analysis are demonstrated in detail.

Race and Position Assignment in English Soccer: A Preliminary Analysis of Ethnicity and Sport in Britain

1988 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 257-269 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joe A. Maguire
Keyword(s):  
North America ◽  
Social Mobility ◽  
Preliminary Analysis ◽  
Research Data ◽  
Racial Stereotypes ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Research Needs ◽  
Study Research ◽  
Black Britons

The belief that soccer offers black Britons an avenue of social mobility is challenged in this study. Examination of their involvement reveals that blacks have suffered both overt and tacit discrimination. Subject to racial abuse from spectators, black Britons also appear to experience a process of “stacking” apparently related to the concept of centrality. In conducting this study, research data and methodologies from North America and Britain were combined, and the concept of centrality was refined in order to apply it to soccer. The evidence supports the contention that blacks are assigned to positions by white managers on the basis of racial stereotypes of abilities. Future research needs to examine this dimension more closely.

TRANSPORT INFRASTRUCTURE’S EFFECT ON HUMAN DEVELOPMENT: DISTINGUISHING BETWEEN DIFFERENT CHANNELS OF INFLUENCE

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (5) ◽  
pp. 58-63
Author(s):  
M. V. SERGEEVA ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Human Development ◽  
Transport Infrastructure ◽  
Price Formation ◽  
Infrastructure Development ◽  
Social Phenomena ◽  
One Dimensional ◽  
Multidimensional Process

The effect of transport infrastructure development on human development is not limited to one-dimensional link. It is a multidimensional process that is based on both economic and social phenomena that determine socioeconomic relations in the society. The article is aimed at distinguishing between different channels of the ways transport infrastructure influences human development. In the focus of the research – the effect of two-directional link between transport infrastructure and price formation.

Tectonics and earthquake potential of Bangladesh: a review

2020 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nibas Apu ◽  
Urmi Das
Keyword(s):  
Risk Mitigation ◽  
Earthquake Hazard ◽  
Decision Makers ◽  
Infrastructure Development ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Tectonic Plates ◽  
Active Tectonic ◽  
Piping Systems ◽  
Seismic Risk Mitigation ◽  
Earthquake Potential

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to present an integrative review of the literature to understand the underlying risks of tectonic plate movements, earthquakes and possible earth tremors on Bangladesh as a country filled with waterways. Design/methodology/approach This study presents a review of seismic activities to present an overview of the active tectonic architecture of the region and its seismic potential with past consequence in Bangladesh region and its immediate surroundings. For the purpose of this review, peer-reviewed journals and electronic databases are the main sources for identifying studies, along with conference proceedings from the similar events and networks. Findings Review reveals that Bangladesh sits on three tectonic plates atop the world’s largest river delta and has blind faults, shallow faults and high amplified liquefiable zones. It has experienced few devastating earthquakes but most of the records are not documented and also a lack of proper seismic equipment could not record all the events. Also Bangladesh is ill prepared to tackle the aftermath of any strong earthquake and if an earthquake with 7 Mw or greater magnitude occurred, it would leave Bangladesh blighted by a catastrophic disaster with significant destruction of infrastructure, fire outbreaks resulting from breakdown of gas piping systems, fire from collapsed electrical lines and disruption of water connections both in urban and rural centres with greater impact on industrial cities that may not have adhered to standard building codes. Originality/value This paper outlined the necessity of an earthquake hazard catalogue, also preparation in sense of seismic risk mitigation and influence of decision-makers, policy institutes and professionals in ensuring infrastructure development and the building code provides for a safe environment and resilient buildings that can reduce or eliminate the risks.

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