South-South Cooperation for Social Development

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anthony Hall
Keyword(s):  
Food Security ◽  
Soft Power ◽  
Social Protection ◽  
Technical Assistance ◽  
Agricultural Research ◽  
Conditional Cash Transfer ◽  
Humanitarian Assistance ◽  
Cash Transfer ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
Sub Saharan

Under President Lula (2003–2010), Brazil’s foreign aid program expanded significantly into the area of South-South cooperation. This included the “soft power” fields of social protection, food security, agricultural research, and humanitarian assistance, among others, with a particular emphasis on supporting Sub-Saharan Africa, notably but not exclusively Portuguese-speaking countries. Much of this aid was provided with the support of technical assistance from UN agencies such as UNDP and FAO and bilateral aid bodies, via trilateral agreements, under the coordination of Brazil’s International Cooperation Agency (ABC). South-South collaboration is considered to be morally superior to conventional aid arrangements, being supposedly demand-driven and “non-exploitative,” thus empowering recipients in the process. Brazilian policymakers sought to transfer national anti-poverty initiatives to Africa. This was based initially on the Bolsa Família conditional cash transfer (CCT) program, but other nutritional food security initiatives followed, such as boosting small farmer production as well as supporting agribusiness.

scholarly journals Impact of cash transfer programs on food security and nutrition in sub-Saharan Africa: A cross-country analysis

2016 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
pp. 72-83 ◽  
Author(s):  
Smriti Tiwari ◽  
Silvio Daidone ◽  
Maria Angelita Ruvalcaba ◽  
Ervin Prifti ◽  
Sudhanshu Handa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Food Security ◽  
Cash Transfer ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
Transfer Programs ◽  
Country Analysis ◽  
Cross Country ◽  
Sub Saharan ◽  
Food Security And Nutrition

scholarly journals A cost-benefit framework for evaluating conditional cash-transfer programs

2013 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 159-180 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert J. Brent
Keyword(s):  
Cost Benefit Analysis ◽  
Cost Benefit ◽  
Conditional Cash Transfer ◽  
Cash Transfer ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
Vulnerable Children ◽  
Orphans And Vulnerable Children ◽  
Transfer Programs ◽  
Sub Saharan ◽  
Comprehensive Framework

Following the prototype of Mexico’s Progresa program, a number of countries in Latin America and the Caribbean have initiated conditional cash transfer (CCT) programs. More recently, countries in Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) have followed suit. However, no comprehensive framework to carry out a cost-benefit analysis (CBA) exists. This paper presents such a CBA framework for CCTs which enables design features such as targeting and conditionality to be separately evaluated. The framework is applied to an evaluation of a CCT program for orphans and vulnerable children in Kenya. The role of conditionality in SSA and the need for distribution weights is discussed.

scholarly journals A török déli nyitás politikája – soft power eszközök Afrikában

2018 ◽  
Vol 12 (1-3.) ◽  
Author(s):  
Tamás Dudlák
Keyword(s):  
Soft Power ◽  
Public Diplomacy ◽  
Humanitarian Assistance ◽  
Development Aid ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
Political Activity ◽  
Points Of View ◽  
Sub Saharan ◽  
Political Economic ◽  
Active Donor

This article discusses the relations of Turkey with Sub-Saharan Africa from political, economic and cultural points of view. The focus is laid on the performance of Turkish institutions on African ground, assessing not only governmental, but also humanitarian and civil initiatives. The nongovernmental factors are especially important with regard to Turkish African policy: the so-called Anatolian tigers and their associations both within the Justice and Development Party (from 2002onwards) and outside the scope of traditional state diplomacy exerted their influence on the political activity of Turkey in general and in “newly discovered” territories such as Africa, in particular. This new, globalized middle class formed the most important social and economic motivations behind the Turkish opening to Africa creating space for public diplomacy and thus contributing to the democratization of Turkish foreign policy.With regard to Africa, Turkey is the most active donor of the world proportionately to its economic performance. Several Turkish organizations (TİKA, İHH, Diyanet Vakfı, TUSKON, MÜSİAD, Kızılay, Hizmet) work in the fields of humanitarian assistance and development aid. They try to make benefit from cultural and religious proximity thus relying on direct connections with the locals and convey services of Western standard without Western attitude.

scholarly journals Social Protection and State–Society Relations in Environments of Low and Uneven State Capacity

2021 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 151-174
Author(s):  
Arthur Alik-Lagrange ◽  
Sarah K. Dreier ◽  
Milli Lake ◽  
Alesha Porisky
Keyword(s):  
Social Contract ◽  
Social Protection ◽  
Technical Assistance ◽  
Rapid Expansion ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
Empirical Literature ◽  
Assistance Programs ◽  
The Social ◽  
Sub Saharan ◽  
State Relations

Grounded in social-contractual ideas about relationships between the governed and those who govern, the provision of social benefits to citizens has historically been predicated on expectations of acquiescence to state authority. However, the rapid expansion of noncontributory social assistance in sub-Saharan Africa, often supported by global donors through technical assistance programs, raises myriad questions about the relationship between social protection and the social contract in fragile and low-capacity contexts. Focusing on sub-Saharan Africa, but drawing on the theoretical and empirical literature on social protection from around the world, this review parses out the redistributive, contractual, and reconstitutive effects of social protection programming on citizen–state relations. We argue that program features—including targeting, conditionality, accountability mechanisms, bureaucratic reach, and the nature and visibility of state–nonstate partnerships—interact dialectically with existing state–society relationships to engender different social contract outcomes for differently situated populations.

Do donors matter most? An analysis of conditional cash transfer adoption in Sub-Saharan Africa

2017 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 143-168 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joshua P Simpson
Keyword(s):  
Emerging Economies ◽  
Conditional Cash Transfer ◽  
Cash Transfers ◽  
Cash Transfer ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
African Countries ◽  
The World Bank ◽  
Donor Support ◽  
Sub Saharan ◽  
Unconditional Cash Transfers

Cash transfers, both conditional and unconditional, have become increasingly popular in emerging economies, but relatively little research investigates the types of countries most likely to adopt this form of social assistance. A notable exception is a study by Brooks, which concludes that conditional cash transfers (CCTs) are more likely to be adopted by divided governments and in places where neighbouring, democratic countries have already implemented them. This comparative research tests Brooks’ findings in the context of Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) and finds that they largely do not apply. Instead, programme funder is offered as a better explanation of cash transfer adoption in SSA from 1990 to 2011. The results show that CCTs are adopted in poor African countries with financial support from the World Bank, while unconditional cash transfers (UCTs) are adopted across a range of countries with the support of various donors. This research contributes to the literature by showing quantitatively that donor support may be more important than some domestic factors, such as bureaucratic capacity, for understanding CCT implementation in SSA.

scholarly journals Promoting Agricultural Research and Development to Strengthen Food Security in South Asia

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ghose Bishwajit
Keyword(s):  
Food Security ◽  
Research And Development ◽  
South Asia ◽  
Agricultural Education ◽  
Agricultural Research ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
Security Issues ◽  
Research And Innovation ◽  
Agricultural Research And Development ◽  
Sub Saharan

This study aims to highlight the status of agricultural R&D in South Asia and contends that creating an effective agricultural research and innovation systems is a vital element to ensure food security in this region. South Asia is home to around one-fourth of mankind and houses the largest proportion of undernourished people in the world. Despite a period of marked economic growth averaging 6% a year over the past two decades, it remains the world's second poorest region contributing a mere 2.2% in global annual GDP. Agriculture is the mainstay of South Asian economy employing around 60% of the total workforce and generating around 20% of total GDP. South Asia has the recognition of being the second most food-insecure region next only to sub-Saharan Africa. Though there is growing evidence that technological innovation has a key role to play in increasing agricultural production and strengthening food security, agricultural research and development (R&D) sector has failed to garner sufficient attention till now. This study also depicts the current situation of food security in South Asia and illustrates how agricultural education and innovation hold the master key to solve the food security issues for the world's most densely populated region.

scholarly journals Spatial frameworks for prioritization of agricultural research and development

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Juan Rattalino Edreira ◽  
Jose Andrade ◽  
Kenneth Cassman ◽  
Martin van Ittersum ◽  
Marloes van Loon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Food Security ◽  
Crop Production ◽  
Agricultural Research ◽  
Spatial Scales ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
Yield Potential ◽  
Top Down ◽  
Bottom Up ◽  
Current Production ◽  
Sub Saharan

Abstract Food security interventions and policies need reliable estimates of actual crop production and the scope to enhance production on existing cropland. We assess the performance of two widely used “top-down” gridded frameworks (GAEZ and AgMIP) versus an alternative “bottom-up” approach that estimates extra production potential locally, for a number of representative sites, and then upscales the results to larger spatial scales (GYGA). Our results show that estimates from top-down frameworks are alarmingly unlikely, with estimated potential production being lower than current production at some locations. The consequences of using these coarse estimates to predict food security are illustrated by an example from sub-Saharan Africa. Our study shows that current foresights on food security, land use, and climate change and associate priority setting on AR&D based on yield potential and yield gaps derived from top-down approaches are subject to a high degree of uncertainty and would benefit from incorporating estimates from bottom-up approaches.

30. India’s Development Partnerships in the Twenty-First Century

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emma Mawdsley
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Aid ◽  
Technical Assistance ◽  
Humanitarian Assistance ◽  
Development Cooperation ◽  
First Century ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
Poor People ◽  
Peacekeeping Forces ◽  
Sub Saharan

This chapter examines the main trends and issues of South–South development cooperation, using India as a case study. Over the last few decades, India has been both a recipient of foreign aid and a provider of concessional loans, grants, technical assistance, peacekeeping forces, humanitarian assistance, debt relief, and so on. The chapter explores how and why India, a country that still has more absolutely poor people than the whole of sub-Saharan Africa, gives development assistance to countries in Asia, Africa, and beyond. It first considers the issue of the ‘(re-)emerging’ development actors before discussing India’s development cooperation. It then shows how India and other developing countries are becoming bigger players in the international foreign aid regime. It also analyses India’s South–South relations and suggests that the benefits of India’s development cooperation are shared unevenly, both domestically and abroad.

scholarly journals Health technology assessment in sub-Saharan Africa: a descriptive analysis and narrative synthesis

2021 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Samantha Hollingworth ◽  
Ama Pokuaa Fenny ◽  
Su-Yeon Yu ◽  
Francis Ruiz ◽  
Kalipso Chalkidou
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Health Technology Assessment ◽  
Technology Assessment ◽  
Technical Assistance ◽  
Health Technology ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
Main Theme ◽  
Narrative Synthesis ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Sub Saharan

Abstract Background Countries in Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) are moving towards universal health coverage. The process of Health Technology Assessment (HTA) can support decisions relating to benefit package design and service coverage. HTA involves institutional cooperation with agreed methods and procedural standards. We systematically reviewed the literature on policies and capacity building to support HTA institutionalisation in SSA. Methods We systematically reviewed the literature by searching major databases (PubMed, Embase, etc.) until June 2019 using terms considering three aspects: HTA; health policy, decision making; and SSA. We quantitatively extracted and descriptively analysed content and conducted a narrative synthesis eliciting themes from the selected literature, which varied in study type and apporach. Results Half of the 49 papers identified were primary research studies and mostly qualitative. Five countries were represented in six of ten studies; South Africa, Ghana, Uganda, Cameroon, and Ethiopia. Half of first authors were from SSA. Most informants were policy makers. Five themes emerged: (1) use of HTA; (2) decision-making in HTA; (3) values and criteria for setting priority areas in HTA; (4) involving stakeholders in HTA; and (5) specific examples of progress in HTA in SSA. The first one was the main theme where there was little use of evidence and research in making policy. The awareness of HTA and economic evaluation was low, with inadequate expertise and a lack of local data and tools. Conclusions Despite growing interest in HTA in SSA countries, awareness remains low and HTA-related activities are uncoordinated and often disconnected from policy. Further training and skills development are needed, firmly linked to a strategy focusing on strengthening within-country partnerships, particularly among researchers and policy makers. The international community has an important role here by supporting policy- relevant technical assistance, highlighting that sustainable financing demands evidence-based processes for effective resource allocation, and catalysing knowledge-sharing opportunities among countries facing similar challenges.

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