What Works in Participation

2018 ◽  
pp. 147-160
Author(s):  
Thania Paffenholz
Keyword(s):  
Negotiation Process ◽  
Women In Leadership ◽  
Leadership Roles ◽  
Transition Processes ◽  
Peace Negotiations ◽  
Peace Processes ◽  
Meaningful Participation ◽  
Financial Conditions ◽  
Women's Participation ◽  
Research Findings

Despite the adoption of the landmark UN Security Council Resolution 1325 over fifteen years ago, women remain significantly underrepresented in peace and transition processes. This chapter analyses how and under which conditions the inclusion of women influences peace processes. It draws upon evidence-based comparative research findings, which show that increasing the number of women included in peace and transition processes does not per se increase the likelihood that more peace agreements are signed and implemented. Making women’s participation in peace and transition processes count is more important than merely counting the number of women included in such processes. This chapter suggests, therefore, that for the discursive shift toward meaningful participation to be seen in practice, peace negotiations need to be designed in a way that facilitates the engagement of women in leadership roles. Moreover, it concludes that substantive participation requires political and financial conditions that enable women to occupy leadership roles in the negotiation process.

African Women in Leadership

2021 ◽  
pp. 398-417
Author(s):  
Terri R. Lituchy ◽  
Bella L. Galperin ◽  
Lemayon Melyoki ◽  
Thomas Senaji ◽  
Betty Jane Punnett
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
Effective Leadership ◽  
Leadership Skills ◽  
Women In Leadership ◽  
African Women ◽  
Positive Development ◽  
Leadership Roles ◽  
Leadership Positions ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Women's Participation

This chapter considers African women's participation in leadership and their views on effective leadership. The literature suggests that African women remain underrepresented in leadership roles, although participation rates are increasing. African women are well represented as entrepreneurs, in the less profitable informal sector, and are increasingly found in political spheres. The LEAD research shows men and women holding similar views regarding effective leadership. Preliminary results suggest that traditional views about leadership, which held women back, may be changing. This is a positive development, as society will benefit from the leadership skills of women. Efforts by African governments to mandate percentages of women in leadership positions may have an effect on government as well as business. Africa, however, is a large continent with parts of its population residing in rural areas where traditions continue. Consequently, more research is needed to understand developments regarding the involvement of women in leadership to inform policy and influence practice.

Challenging gender norms: women’s leadership, political authority, and autonomy

2022 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Noora Lari ◽  
Mohammad Al-Ansari ◽  
Engi El-Maghraby
Keyword(s):  
Political Power ◽  
Political Authority ◽  
Women In Leadership ◽  
Cultural Barriers ◽  
Leadership Roles ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Theoretical Concepts ◽  
Individual Level ◽  
Women's Participation ◽  
Gulf States

Purpose In patriarchal settings, cultural barriers continue to influence women’s participation in positions of leadership and political authority. This paper aims to explore these findings in light of the theoretical concepts of “hegemonic masculinity” and “patriarchy,” which explain gender disparities in the occupancy of political power and leadership positions in Qatar. Design/methodology/approach Data from original face-to-face national surveys conducted among subjects in Qatar were used, including 1,611 completed household interviews. Findings The findings were consistent with the prevailing patriarchal beliefs present in Qatari society and Arab Gulf States. The analysis showed that there was greater significant support for men holding key leadership and authority positions than women. Individual-level factors were found to have a significant association with attitudes favoring women. Compared to respondents who had never attended school, those who had completed secondary school and those who had partaken in higher education favored having women in leadership roles. Practical implications As a means to fix the gender imbalance within the occupancy of positions of political power in Qatar, this study recommends putting substantial efforts into increasing the number of interventions underpinning gender equality through social awareness programs that may improve the public’s perceptions. Furthermore, gender-equitable affirmative actions are needed to promote the inclusion of women in power and increase their presence in leadership roles. Originality/value This study is among the very few that have theoretically and empirically addressed the issue of women’s authority and involvement in key leadership roles in the context of Qatar.

scholarly journals GENDER-RESPONSIVE GOVERNMENT TRANSITIONAL JUSTICE POLICIES – A PATH TO SUSTAINABLE PEACE AND POST‑CONFLICT RECONSTRUCTION

2021 ◽  
pp. 202-208
Author(s):  
E. V. Lukianchenko
Keyword(s):  
Transitional Justice ◽  
Transition Period ◽  
International Standards ◽  
Roles And Responsibilities ◽  
Peace Negotiations ◽  
Peace Processes ◽  
Meaningful Participation ◽  
Post Conflict ◽  
Peace Agreements ◽  
The Government

The article is devoted to the legal basis and direction of the Government of Ukraine in the development of gender-responsive state policy of the transition period. The international principles and commitments of Ukraine in the framework of transitional justice, taking into account the gender aspect, are revealed, as well as the international and national commitments of Ukraine in the framework of involving women in peacebuilding and participation. The article presents international experience of taking into account international standards and norms in order to protect women’s rights and build peace. Global evidence indicates that women’s meaningful participation in peace negotiations increases the duration of peace. Peace agreements with female signatories are more durable and have a significantly higher number of provisions aimed at political reform and higher implementation rates. The recent study investigating 352 peace agreements in 64 countries between 1990 and 2019 also found that there was a significant increase in the share of peace agreements with gender provisions, from below 10% in the 1990s to 45% in 2013. Yet, this practice appears to have been halted. In 2019, the share of agreements with gender provisions was only at 29%. Despite an increasing evidence about the important role of women, their expertise and meaningful participation in preventing and addressing conflict and sustaining peace, women are still under- represented in the peace processes. Between 1992 and 2019, women constituted, on average, only 13% of negotiators, 6% of mediators, and 6% of signatories in major peace processes worldwide. Present peacebuilding experiences also indicate that peace is likely to be lasting only if the security needs of the population are addressed in parallel with the political and socioeconomic aspects of conflict resolution and post-conflict recovery. Women’s exposure to conflict may result in their new roles and responsibilities and may open new opportunities for their greater involvement in public life, including peace and security decision-making. Likewise, gender equality positively influences the cohesion and effectiveness of the security sector in increasingly multidimensional peace processes.

scholarly journals The Political Rights of Women in the Light of Islamic Jurisprudence

rahatulquloob ◽  
2020 ◽  
pp. 47-51
Author(s):  
Dr. Khadija Aziz ◽  
Dr. Abid Iqbal
Keyword(s):  
Women In Leadership ◽  
Primary Sources ◽  
Published Data ◽  
Political Rights ◽  
Leadership Roles ◽  
Leadership Positions ◽  
Secondary Sources ◽  
Meaningful Participation ◽  
Participation Of Women ◽  
The Right

Accordingly, the meaningful participation of women in national, local, and community leadership roles has become an important focus on global development policy. Allah (SWT) has given a due and most suitable status to the women.  Women in leadership positions have been mentioned in multiple occasions in Quran. Islam gave them the right to vote and remain politically active in legislative, executive, and judiciary. “Then whoever disputed with you about him after all this knowledge that has come to you, say: ‘Come, let us call our sons and your sons, our women and your women, ourselves and yourselves, then we pray and invoke sincerely the curse of Allah upon those who lie’’. Quran and hadith were used as primary sources for the collection of authentic information, whereas published data on subject was used as secondary sources.

African Women in Leadership

2020 ◽  
pp. 161-189
Author(s):  
Terri R. Lituchy ◽  
Bella L. Galperin ◽  
Lemayon Melyoki ◽  
Thomas Senaji ◽  
Betty Jane Punnett
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
Effective Leadership ◽  
Leadership Skills ◽  
Women In Leadership ◽  
African Women ◽  
Positive Development ◽  
Leadership Roles ◽  
Leadership Positions ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Women's Participation

This chapter considers African women's participation in leadership and their views on effective leadership. The literature suggests that African women remain underrepresented in leadership roles, although participation rates are increasing. African women are well represented as entrepreneurs, in the less profitable informal sector, and are increasingly found in political spheres. The LEAD research shows men and women holding similar views regarding effective leadership. Preliminary results suggest that traditional views about leadership, which held women back, may be changing. This is a positive development, as society will benefit from the leadership skills of women. Efforts by African governments to mandate percentages of women in leadership positions may have an effect on government as well as business. Africa, however, is a large continent with parts of its population residing in rural areas where traditions continue. Consequently, more research is needed to understand developments regarding the involvement of women in leadership to inform policy and influence practice.

Securing Participation and Protection in Peace Agreements

2018 ◽  
pp. 460-474
Author(s):  
Isabela Marín Carvajal ◽  
Eduardo Álvarez-Vanegas
Keyword(s):  
Peace Process ◽  
Armed Forces ◽  
Structural Factors ◽  
Research Experience ◽  
Peace Negotiations ◽  
Meaningful Participation ◽  
Peace Agreements ◽  
Women's Participation ◽  
Colombian Government ◽  
Decision Making Processes

Women’s participation in the Colombian peace process constitutes an outstanding case in comparison with other peace negotiations processes, due to the efforts made by unofficial actors. Nevertheless, during the negotiation period, selective violence against social leaders increased, affecting their mobilizations and capacity to meaningful contribute. This chapter critically evaluates developments in scholarship and policymaking that considers the WPS pillars of participation and protection and their inclusion in peace agreements. To do so, the chapter draws upon the case of the Havana peace process, led by the Colombian government and the Revolutionary Armed Forces of Columbia (FARC), between 2012 and 2016. The analysis derives from a research experience at the Fundación Ideas para la Paz (Bogotá, Colombia), exploring women’s participation in Columbia’s peace negotiations. Drawing on examples from the Colombian case, the chapter demonstrates the importance of accounting for women’s preexisting forms of participation and knowledge. It also argues that affirmative measures that encourage women’s meaningful participation in peace negotiations will be ineffective if the underlying structural factors that exclude women from decision-making processes more broadly remain unaddressed.

scholarly journals Inclusive participation, self-governance, and sustainability: Current challenges and opportunities for women in leadership of communal irrigation systems

2020 ◽  
pp. 251484862093471
Author(s):  
Laura Imburgia ◽  
Henny Osbahr ◽  
Sarah Cardey ◽  
Janet Momsen
Keyword(s):  
Water Management ◽  
Irrigation Management ◽  
Women In Leadership ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Leadership Roles ◽  
Irrigation Systems ◽  
Representation Of Women ◽  
Water Users ◽  
Challenges And Opportunities ◽  
Current Water

Genuine inclusive participation in the self-governance of communal irrigation systems remains a challenge. This article analyses the mechanisms of participation in irrigation water users’ associations (WUAs) with focus on women as leaders of those organizations by drawing on cases from a comparative, multicase mixed-method study in Ethiopia and Argentina. After having being a topic for decades in gender and development debates, in many irrigated areas of the world, WUAs continue to be male dominated at all levels, especially in influential positions. Findings in this article suggest that despite large socio-economic and cultural differences, the current water management systems in both research locations reinforce problems of unequal gender participation; women have more obstacles and constraints in establishing equal access in membership, participation, and decision making in irrigation management. The lack of inclusive participation and the low representation of women in leadership roles lead to WUAs being poorly rooted in their community of users. Incomplete social rootedness of WUAs jeopardizes their effectiveness and equality in water management and, as a result, affects long-term sustainability. Through analysis of empirical data of communal small-scale irrigation systems in both countries, the article discusses who participates, how and why they participate, and the reasons for low numbers of women in leadership roles within the WUAs. Finally, the article reflects on possible enabling conditions that could foster inclusive participation, increase the quantity and capacity of women in management and leadership roles, and the benefits this may bring to sustainable irrigation systems.

scholarly journals HUMANISTIC APPROACH TO PRINCIPAL’S LEADERSHIP AND ITS IMPACTS IN CHARACTER EDUCATION STRENGTHENING

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yulius Rustan Effendi
Keyword(s):  
Character Education ◽  
School Environment ◽  
Participant Observation ◽  
Leadership Roles ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
Design Data ◽  
Principal's Role ◽  
Humanistic Approach ◽  
Teachers And Students ◽  
Research Findings

Purpose of the study: This paper aims to describe the basic reasons behind the application of the principal's humanisticapproach, and the steps of the principal's humanistic approach to optimizing character education strengthening programs.Methodology: This research uses a qualitative approach, case study design. Data collection is done through in-depthinterviews, participant observation, and study documentation to achieve research objectives.Main Findings: Research findings reveal that personal excellence (integrity, wholeness, and authenticity) and thehumanistic spirituality of inspirational figures inspire the principal's humanistic approach. In addition, the application of the principal's humanistic approach has a significant impact on optimizing the implementation of character education strengthening in schools and successfully forming the character of students.Applications of this study: This study can be useful for principals in the education department of Malang City, EastJava, Indonesia, to use a humanistic approach model in carrying out leadership roles, because it has been proveneffective in optimizing the implementation of optimizing character education strengthening programs in schools.Novelty/Originality of this study: The principal's role is to create a "humane" school environment through harmonious relationships, respecting subordinates as human beings, tolerant and non-discriminatory, giving examples of good behavior to subordinates based on self-excellence and imitating the spirituality of inspirational figures, so that good characters are formed in the teachers and students at school.

scholarly journals Complexities and Context: Women's Peace-Building in Conflict and Post-Conflict Bougainville

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Dylan Page
Keyword(s):  
Peace Process ◽  
United Nations Security Council ◽  
Peace Building ◽  
Peace Negotiations ◽  
Peace Processes ◽  
Post Conflict ◽  
Peace And Conflict Studies ◽  
The Pacific ◽  
Context Specific

<p>The potential role of women in conflict and post-conflict environments has been the subject of much debate in the field of peace and conflict studies. In 2000 the United Nations Security Council passed Resolution 1325, which called for a greater involvement of women and acknowledgement of gender issues in conflict and post-conflict environments, and this has led to further discussion about what this might mean and how it might be implemented. Despite this women are continually under-represented in nearly all peace processes and there is no universally agreed upon way to ensure this situation does not come about. The barriers women face range from cultural to logistical and economic, and surmounting them can be hard to achieve.  One case where women have been involved at all levels in the peace process with substantial success is the Pacific island of Bougainville, where a conflict over mining issues and secession from Papua New Guinea was waged from 1988-1997. Women were active in attempts to bring all parties to negotiations during the conflict and have also been heavily involved in the continuing reconciliation and healing processes. For cultural reasons Bougainvillean women were well placed to perform the role of peace-builders but that is not to say that they did not face challenges and barriers to their involvement. This thesis examines the involvement of women in both the immediate peace negotiations and the longer-term aspects of the peace process in Bougainville in order explain how and why they enjoyed these successes and what lessons can be learnt from this case in regards to the potential roles of women in other post-conflict environments. Four factors will be identified as key to women's involvement in the peace process: the history of Bougainville up to and including the conflict; the grassroots mobilisation and organisation of women; the traditional cultural roles of women in Bougainville; and the identification of women with motherhood and its associated traits.  These factors indicate that the involvement of women in peace processes is highly context-specific and although there are policies which can be pursued to encourage their participation the potential barriers to this are imposing.</p>

Because She Matters: Ensuring women’s meaningful participation in peacebuilding in Afghanistan

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jorrit Kamminga ◽  
Lotje Boswinkel ◽  
Tamara Göth
Keyword(s):  
Research Paper ◽  
Afghan Women ◽  
Peace Negotiations ◽  
Meaningful Participation ◽  
Sustainable Peace ◽  
Broadening Participation ◽  
Meaningful Role ◽  
Local Levels ◽  
The Way

While intra-Afghan talks have started, sustainable peace is still a distant reality in Afghanistan. Ongoing peace efforts ignore women’s meaningful participation: women are included in only one in every five meetings. Evidence shows that when women have a meaningful role in peace negotiations, peace is more sustainable. Afghan and international actors must stress the importance of including women in all stages of formal and informal talks at national and local levels. This research paper uses the seven modalities of the Broadening Participation framework to identify practical ways to include Afghan women meaningfully and pave the way for inclusive peacebuilding.

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