Theological Texts

2020 ◽  
pp. 905-923
Author(s):  
Lesley Smith
Keyword(s):  
Eleventh Century ◽  
Medieval Latin ◽  
Academic Study

This chapter surveys manuscripts of medieval Latin theology from the late eleventh century to the late thirteenth, and discusses the shift from monastic study of theology to its more academic study by scholars and mendicant friars. The changed needs of the new readers led to significant alterations in the layout, size, shape, and contents of theological manuscripts, most of the changes reflecting the need for quick reference rather than meditation.

Neumed Boethian metra from Canterbury: a newly recovered leaf of Cambridge, University Library, Gg. 5.35 (the ‘Cambridge Songs’ manuscript)

1983 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
pp. 141-152
Author(s):  
M. T. Gibson ◽  
M. Lapidge ◽  
C. Page
Keyword(s):  
Eleventh Century ◽  
Anglo Saxon ◽  
Cambridge University ◽  
Medieval Latin ◽  
Musical Notation ◽  
Detached Leaf ◽  
University Library ◽  
The Subject

Frankfurt, Stadt- und Universitätsbibliothek, Fragm. lat. I. 56, a single detached leaf written in Anglo-Caroline minuscule of mid-eleventh-century date and containing a number of neumed metra of Boethius, was recently brought to the attention of Dr M. T. Gibson1 by the Keeper of Manuscripts in Frankfurt, Dr Gerhard Powitz.2 Dr C. Page identified it as part of the ‘Cambridge Songs’ manuscript, Cambridge, University Library, Gg. 5. 35 (fols. 432–41). The leaf throws valuable new light not only on the subject of musical notation in late Anglo-Saxon England, but also on the composition of one of the best-known collections of medieval Latin lyrics.3

The ‘Sample Week’ in the Medieval Latin Divine Office

1999 ◽  
Vol 35 ◽  
pp. 78-88 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. W. Pfaff
Keyword(s):  
Eleventh Century ◽  
Medieval Latin ◽  
Divine Office ◽  
Liturgical Year ◽  
Rule Of Benedict ◽  
Ordinary Time ◽  
The Individual

One of the apparent pillars of consistency in the medieval Latin liturgy is the divine, alias daily, office. Although scholars convincingly postulate forms of the office that both antedate the specific provisions for it which bulk large in the Rule of Benedict and reflect an urban secular (the so-called cathedral office) rather than a monastic context, in terms of actual books out of which the office was performed, not a great deal survives until roughly the eleventh century. By that time, if not before, thought is clearly being given as to how to present the contents of the office - given that much of it consists in the recitation of psalms - in a way that, while clear, minimizes repetition. This can most readily be done in the long stretch of the weeks after Pentecost and the shorter stretch (sometimes very short indeed, depending on when Easter falls) of the weeks between the octave of Epiphany and the beginning of Lent or pre-Lent (that is, from Septuagesima on). Although the structure of the office in this, to use the current phrase, ‘ordinary time’, remains the same as in the more exciting seasons of Advent, Christmastide, Lent, and Eastertide (plus, of course, the individual feasts of the Proper of Saints), the content of the various services is not driven by a particular time or saint, and so there is a somewhat abstract quality about it quite lacking from the great seasons and occasions of the liturgical year.

scholarly journals «La larga historia de ‘los dos hermanos’ y ‘el servidor leal’. A propósito de Oliveros de Castilla»

1970 ◽  
Vol 26 ◽  
pp. 53-82
Author(s):  
Carlos Alvar
Keyword(s):  
French Literature ◽  
Eleventh Century ◽  
Latin Literature ◽  
Chanson De Geste ◽  
Medieval Latin ◽  
Medieval French Literature ◽  
Faithful Servant

Resumen: El autor estudia los temas folclóricos de «los dos hermanos» y del «servidor fiel». Estos temas aparecen en numerosos textos desde finales del siglo XI, unas veces juntos y otras por separado. En la literatura latina medieval, los testimonios más importantes son una epístola de Radolfus Tortarius y el Speculum historiale de V. Beauvais; en la literatura francesa de la Edad Media, el cantar de gesta de Amís y Amiles y un «miracle» teatral del siglo XIV; en Castilla el tema es bien conocido gracias al libro caballeresco Oliveros de Castilla y Artús d’Algarbe, traducción de una obra francesa de Philippe Camus, de mediados del siglo XV. Junto a todos estos textos, el autor analiza unos milagros de Santiago italianos del siglo XVIII y un cuento popular serbio.Palabras clave: «Dos hermanos». «Servidor leal». Oliveros de Castilla y Artús d’Algarbe. Amís y Amiles.Abstract: The author explores folkloric themes of «two brothers» and «faithful servant». These themes appear in many texts from the late eleventh century, sometimes together and others separately. In medieval Latin literature, the most important testimonies containing these folk themes are an epistle of Radolfus Tortarius and the Vincent of Beauvais’ Speculum historiale; in medieval French literature, are the chanson de geste of Amis and Amile and a theatral play, a «miracle» of the XIVth century; in Castille the issue is well known thanks to the book of chivalry of Oliveros de Castilla y Artús d’Algarbe, translation of a French roman by Philippe Camus (mid-XVth century). In addition to these texts, the author examines some Italian miracles of St. James (XVIIIth century) and a Serbian folk tale.Keywords: «Two brothers». «Faithful servant». Oliveros de Castilla y Artús d’Algarbe. Amis et Amiles.

Transmission to Medieval Western Europe

2012 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christopher I. Beckwith
Keyword(s):  
Western Europe ◽  
Eleventh Century ◽  
Thomas Aquinas ◽  
Arabic Version ◽  
De Anima ◽  
Medieval Latin ◽  
Albert The Great ◽  
Alexander Of Hales ◽  
Classical Arabic

This chapter examines how the recursive argument method was transmitted to medieval Western Europe. The appearance of the recursive argument method in Latin texts was preceded by more than a century in which Classical Arabic learning was increasingly translated and introduced to the Medieval Latin world. A trickle of translations of Arabic scholarly books into Latin had already begun to appear in Italy and Spain by the mid-eleventh century, but none of the works known to have been translated at that time seem to use the Arabic version of the recursive argument method. The recursive argument method first appears in Western Europe in Avicenna's De anima “On the Soul” or “Psychology.” The chapter considers other examples of the recursive argument method in Latin, including works by Robert of Curzon, Alexander of Hales, Albertus Magnus (Albert the Great), and Thomas Aquinas.

Rhetorical Theory and the Rise and Decline of Dictamen in the Middle Ages and Early Renaissance

2001 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 175-223 ◽  
Author(s):  
John O. Ward
Keyword(s):  
Middle Ages ◽  
Eleventh Century ◽  
Rhetorical Theory ◽  
Theory And Practice ◽  
Classical Rhetoric ◽  
Medieval Latin ◽  
Privileged Position ◽  
Training Institutions ◽  
The Middle Ages ◽  
Legal Training

This paper examines the links between Classical (Ciceronian) rhetorical theory and the teaching of medieval Latin prose composition and epistolography between the eleventh century and the renaissance, mainly in Italy. Classical rhetorical theory was not replaced by dictamen, nor was it the “research dimension” of everyday dictaminal activity. Rather Classical rhetorical theory, prose composition and epistolography responded to distinct market niches which appeared from time to time in different places as a consequence of social and political changes. Boncompagno's apparent setting aside of Ciceronian rhetorical theory in favour of stricter notarial and dictaminal procedures was in turn superseded by his successors who chose to enrich their notarial theory with studies of classical rhetoric. Classical rhetorical theory proved influential on dictaminal theory and practice. Dictamen was not ousted by classical rhetoric. It only really declined when growing lay literacy and the use of the vernacular combined with the autonomous professionalism of the legal training institutions to erode the privileged position occupied in medieval times by the dictatores.

Marriage in Medieval Culture: Consent Theory and The Case of Joseph and Mary

2000 ◽  
Vol 69 (2) ◽  
pp. 350-371 ◽  
Author(s):  
Irven M. Resnick
Keyword(s):  
Menstrual Cycle ◽  
Eleventh Century ◽  
Sexual Contact ◽  
Sexual Relations ◽  
Marital Relations ◽  
Medieval Latin ◽  
And Control ◽  
Consent Theory

From the second half of the eleventh century, medieval Latin theologians and canonists wrestled with a number of questions related to sexual relations and marriage. Marriage is, characteristically, one of the avenues by which a society—especially a religious or holy community— attempts to define its boundaries. In this effort church authorities had, for centuries, proscribed both marriage and sexual relations between Jews and Christians. They had sought control over marital relations among Christian spouses by proscribing sexual contact before receiving communion, during Lent, or during a woman's pregnancy or menstrual cycle. They had also attempted to eliminate marriage among clergy, with occasional success, as part of an effort to define and control marital unions more effectively.

Encountering Ambiguity: Muʿtazilī and Twelver Shīʿī Approaches to the Qur'an's Ambiguous Verses

2016 ◽  
Vol 18 (3) ◽  
pp. 91-115 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tehseen Thaver
Keyword(s):  
Eleventh Century ◽  
Arabic Language ◽  
Conceptual Approach ◽  
Islamic Jurisprudence ◽  
Primary Determinant ◽  
Linguistic Challenges ◽  
Qur'anic Exegesis ◽  
Exegetical Tradition ◽  
Qur'an Commentaries ◽  
Early Islamic

Within the broader discipline of Qur'anic exegesis, the sub-genre of the mutashābihāt al-Qurʾān (the ambiguous verses of the Qur'an) is comprised of works dedicated to the identification and explication of those verses that present theological or linguistic challenges. Yet, the approach, style, and objective of the scholars who have written commentaries on the ambiguous verses are far from monolithic. This essay brings into focus the internal diversity of this important exegetical tradition by focusing on the Qur'an commentaries of two major scholars in fourth/eleventh-century Baghdad, al-Sharīf al-Raḍī (d. 406/1016) and Qāḍī ʿAbd al-Jabbār (d. 415/1025). Al-Raḍī was a prominent Twelver Shīʿī theologian and poet while ʿAbd al-Jabbār was a leading Muʿtazilī theologian during this period; al-Raḍī was also ʿAbd al-Jabbār's student and disciple. Through a close reading of their respective commentaries on two Qur'anic verses, I explore possible interconnections and interactions between Shīʿī and Muʿtazilī traditions of exegesis, and demonstrate that while ʿAbd al-Jabbār mobilised the language of Islamic jurisprudence, al-Raḍī primarily relied on early Islamic poetry and the etymology of the Arabic language. Methodologically, I argue against a conceptual approach that valorises sectarian and theological identity as the primary determinant of hermeneutical desires and sensibilities.

More's usage of Latin verbal predicates: the particular case of fio

Moreana ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 56 (Number 211) (1) ◽  
pp. 97-120
Author(s):  
Concepción Cabrillana
Keyword(s):  
General Framework ◽  
Medieval Latin ◽  
Lexical Semantic ◽  
Syntactic Features ◽  
Comparative Review ◽  
Poetic Text

This article addresses Thomas More's use of an especially complex Latin predicate, fio, as a means of examining the degree of classicism in this aspect of his writing. To this end, the main lexical-semantic and syntactic features of the verb in Classical Latin are presented, and a comparative review is made of More's use of the predicate—and also its use in texts contemporaneous to More, as well as in Late and Medieval Latin—in both prose and poetry. The analysis shows that he works within a general framework of classicism, although he introduces some of his own idiosyncrasies, these essentially relating to the meaning of the verb that he employs in a preferential way and to the variety of verbal forms that occur in his poetic text.

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