The Philosophic Origins of Deliberative Ideals

2018 ◽  
pp. 54-69
Author(s):  
Simone Chambers
Keyword(s):  
Immanuel Kant ◽  
Deliberative Democracy ◽  
John Rawls ◽  
John Dewey ◽  
Democratic Theory ◽  
John Stuart Mill ◽  
American Pragmatism ◽  
The Core ◽  
Intellectual Heritage ◽  
The Way

Deliberative democracy is a relatively recent development in democratic theory. But the theorists and practitioners of deliberative democracy often reach far back for philosophical and theoretic resources to develop the core ideas. This chapter traces some of those sources and ideas. As deliberative democracy is itself a somewhat contested theory, the chapter does not present a linear story of intellectual heritage. Instead it draws on a variety of sometimes disparate sources to identify different ideals that become stressed in different versions of deliberation and deliberative democracy. The philosophic sources canvased include Aristotle, Jean-Jacques Rousseau, Immanuel Kant, John Stuart Mill, John Dewey and American Pragmatism, John Rawls, and Jürgen Habermas. The chapter pays special attention to the way different philosophical sources speak to the balance between the epistemic and normative claims of deliberative democracy.

Liberalism

2012 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alan Ryan
Keyword(s):  
John Rawls ◽  
John Dewey ◽  
John Locke ◽  
Adam Smith ◽  
John Stuart Mill ◽  
Thomas Jefferson ◽  
Liberal Theory ◽  
Religious Authority ◽  
Isaiah Berlin ◽  
The Individual

This chapter explains what liberalism is. It is easy to list famous liberals, but it is harder to say what they have in common. John Locke, Adam Smith, Montesquieu, Thomas Jefferson, John Stuart Mill, Lord Acton, T. H. Green, John Dewey, and contemporaries such as Isaiah Berlin and John Rawls are certainly liberals. However, they do not agree on issues such as the boundaries of toleration, the legitimacy of the welfare state, and the virtues of democracy. They do not even agree on the nature of the liberty they think liberals ought to seek. The chapter considers classical versus modern liberalism, the divide within liberal theory between liberalism and libertarianism, and liberal opposition to absolutism, religious authority, and capitalism. It also discusses liberalism as a theory for the individual, society, and the state.

Dewey and Rorty’s Pragmatism and Bioethics

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
John D. Arras ◽  
James Childress ◽  
Matthew Adams
Keyword(s):  
John Dewey ◽  
American Pragmatism ◽  
The Way

This chapter examines the “classical” roots of American pragmatism, and explains the ongoing importance understanding these roots holds for contemporary bioethics. It begins by outlining some central themes from the work of John Dewey, particularly his understanding of principles. The chapter then examines the relevant aspects of Richard Rorty’s philosophy and explains the way in which Rorty was influenced by Dewey, despite parting company with him on several important issues. Both the appeal and the limitation of these two authors’ work is brought into focus, in order to prepare the way for the discussion of “freestanding” pragmatism in chapter 7.

Liberals II

Just Property ◽  
2020 ◽  
pp. 34-57
Author(s):  
Christopher Pierson
Keyword(s):  
John Rawls ◽  
John Dewey ◽  
Private Property ◽  
Social Institution ◽  
John Stuart Mill ◽  
Liberal Tradition ◽  
The Us

This chapter continues the evaluation of ideas about property within the modern liberal tradition. Much of this thinking has its origins in the later work of John Stuart Mill. I begin with some key ‘new’ liberals: T. H. Green, J. T. Hobhouse, and J. A. Hobson. These thinkers take a varyingly radical view of the provisionality of individual claims to private property. Following a short interlude on interwar liberalism, I turn to the development of liberal ideas on property in the US. My two key thinkers here are John Dewey and John Rawls. Both of these iconic liberal thinkers take a view of property which emphasizes its function as a social institution, one which has to be justified by its societal outcomes rather than its private and personal origins.

Democracy and Everyday Life

2015 ◽  
pp. 6-41
Author(s):  
Leszek Koczanowicz
Keyword(s):  
Everyday Life ◽  
John Dewey ◽  
The Self ◽  
George Herbert ◽  
Individual Freedom ◽  
American Pragmatism ◽  
National Community ◽  
Form Of Life ◽  
The Way

In chapter 1, democracy is analyzed as everyday life practices. American pragmatism provides theoretical underpinnings for my approach. George Herbert Mead’s and John Dewey’s political concepts are interpreted as showing a passage from everyday life to politics. While G.H. Mead depicts how communication creates the self and, consequently, how politics can be treated as a universalization of everyday life practices, John Dewey describes the way in which democracy becomes a community’s form of life. Both show that community is not inevitably hostile to liberalism, but it can enhance liberal ideals of individual freedom and autonomy Therefore, the pragmatist concept of community is relevant to contemporary discussions on the relationships between community, especially the national community, and democracy, because it transcends the communitarian liberal debate.

Possible application of deliberative democracy in parliament

Human Affairs ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 21 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Branislav Dolný
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Deliberative Democracy ◽  
Democratic Theory ◽  
Political Competition ◽  
Institutional Framework ◽  
Democratic Legitimacy ◽  
Political Practice ◽  
Dominant Paradigm ◽  
Discourse Quality ◽  
The Way

AbstractDeliberative democracy, as a dominant paradigm in contemporary democratic theory, offers a new, attractive conception of democratic legitimacy, which represents an alternative to a democracy that functions through the mechanism of political competition. A major problem with deliberation is the issue of its institutionalisation, as the theories of deliberative democracy have not produced a more specific institutional framework or form in which it could be used in political practice. Parliaments appear to be particularly suitable places for its potential implementation. Moreover, deliberative democracy could contribute to a change in discourse quality and the way decision-making is conducted in parliaments, which is often considered problematic. Due to its incompatibility with competitive democracy, the opportunities for introducing deliberative democracy into parliaments are very limited. The study also outlines three ways of reconciling deliberative democracy and parliaments.

scholarly journals Emancypacja przez wychowanie: od oświecenia do pragmatyzmu

Ars Educandi ◽  
2012 ◽  
pp. 81-89
Author(s):  
Katarzyna Szumlewicz
Keyword(s):  
Immanuel Kant ◽  
John Dewey ◽  
Karl Marx ◽  
Mary Wollstonecraft ◽  
John Stuart Mill ◽  
Friedrich Schiller ◽  
Antonio Gramsci

Jak scharakteryzować termin "emancypacja poprzez edukację"? Emancypacja jest to proces, który prowadzi do równości społecznej, wolności politycznej i realnej możliwości jednostki na postęp. Egalitarna edukacja oznacza, że wiedza jest dostępna dla każdego - niezależnie od jego klasy społecznej, płci, rasy i narodowości. To nauczanie ludzi z uciskanych lub dyskryminowanych grup, by walczyć z niesprawiedliwością i nauczanie ich aby bronić swoich już osiągniętych praw. Idea emancypacji poprzez edukację rozumiana w taki sposób wyłoniła się w okresie Oświecenia, który obejmował czasy przed, w trakcie i tuż po rewolucji francuskiej. Wtedy ten pomysł ewoluował przez całą nowoczesną erę, która kończy się na początku II wojny światowej. W moim eseju "Emancypacja poprzez edukację: od Oświecenia po Pragmatyzm" studiuję emancypacyjne wątki obecne w filozoficznych teoriach takich myślicieli, jak Jean Jacques Rousseau, Jean Antoine Condorcet, Mary Wollstonecraft, Immanuel Kant, Friedrich Schiller, John Stuart Mill, Harriet Taylor Mill, Karl Marx, Fryderyk Engels, Antonio Gramsci i John Dewey. Podczas przeprowadzania moich badań odkryłam, że niektórzy z nowoczesnych myślicieli reprezentowali pozycję emancypacyjną tylko w części swoich pomysłów, podczas gdy w drugiej części ich myśli pozostały konserwatywne. Na przykład Rousseau - jeden z ojców emancypacyjnej pedagogiki - był przeciwny udziałowi kobiet w przestrzeni publicznej. Innym przykładem jest użycie siły piękna i radości, aby poddać "impulsywne" masy kontroli "racjonalnych" elit w wizji Schillera dotyczącej pedagogiki estetycznej. Analizuję te "zaniechania" za pomocą krytycznych dyskursów ja ta Carole Pateman czy Terry'ego Eagletona.

scholarly journals Liberalism and Epistemic Diversity: Mill's Sceptical Legacy

Episteme ◽  
2006 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 248-265 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul Kelly
Keyword(s):  
John Rawls ◽  
John Dewey ◽  
Social Epistemology ◽  
John Stuart Mill ◽  
The Political ◽  
Political Value ◽  
Compare And Contrast ◽  
Epistemic Diversity

ABSTRACTAlthough John Stuart Mill places considerable emphasis on three information signalling devices – debate, votes and prices – he remains curiously sceptical about the prospects of institutional or social epistemology. In this paper, I explore Mill's modest scepticism about institutional epistemology and compare and contrast that with the attitudes of liberal theorists such as F. A. Hayek and John Dewey who are much more enthusiastic about the prospects of social epistemology as part of their defences of liberalism. The paper examines the extent to which Hayek and Dewey ignore concerns originally raised by Mill. I conclude that Mill's modest scepticism is reflected in the epistemological abstinence of contemporary liberal philosophers such as John Rawls, and that his elevation of philosophy over democracy remains a challenge to contemporary defenders of the political value of social or institutional epistemology.

‘To wise for a woman’

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicola Clark
Keyword(s):  
Marital Problems ◽  
The Core ◽  
The Family ◽  
Made In ◽  
The Way

While there were clear strategic aims in the way that marriages were made in the Howard dynasty during this period, the family was only unusual in that it operated at the very top of the aristocratic hierarchy and was therefore able to use marital alliances to successfully recover and bolster both status and finances. Where they were different, however, was in the experience of some of these women within marriage. By and large, the marriages made by and for members of the family, including women, seem to have been as successful as others of their class. However, three women close to the core of the dynasty experienced severe marital problems, even ‘failed’ marriages, almost simultaneously during the 1520s and 1530s. The records generated by these episodes tell us about the way in which the family operated as a whole, and the agency of women in this context, and this chapter therefore reconstructs these disputes for this purpose.

Systematicity and Normative Justification

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kevin Thompson
Keyword(s):  
Political Philosophy ◽  
Unique Form ◽  
The Core ◽  
The Creation ◽  
Normative Justification ◽  
The Way

This chapter examines systematicity as a form of normative justification. Thompson’s contention is that the Hegelian commitment to fundamental presuppositionlessness and hence to methodological immanence, from which his distinctive conception of systematicity flows, is at the core of the unique form of normative justification that he employs in his political philosophy and that this is the only form of such justification that can successfully meet the skeptic’s challenge. Central to Thompson’s account is the distinction between systematicity and representation and the way in which this frames Hegel’s relationship to the traditional forms of justification and the creation of his own distinctive kind of normative argumentation.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document