The Potential and Limits of Administrative Sovereignty

Author(s):  
Karl T. Muth

For the last two millennia, administrative sovereignty has focused on the performance of specific administrative functions and whether that performance is independent, exclusive, and uniform within a particular physical boundary, homogeneous area, treaty-described jurisdiction, or ethno-linguistic context. To be effective and recognized as administration, the state or quasi-state’s behaviour must be operational rather than merely aspirational, must administer rather than merely involve the functions in question, and must be independent rather than merely complementary relative to the activities of nearby states and state-like actors. Only through more nuanced and more flexible definitions of what ‘countries’ are will we be able to write the next generation of legal, treaty, policy, and administrative rules.

Author(s):  
Ruslin Ruslin

Administration officials have broad authority in carrying out the affair of government. With this broad authority tends to be misused to cause harm and injustice in the society, therefore there must be other institutions that control it. Based on the theory of Trigs Politico executive agencies are politically controlled by the legislative and juridical institutions controlled by the judiciary, because the officials running the state administration executive functions that control the judiciary is legally the state administrative court. Judicial control of administrative functions of the state administrative court in addition aims to provide legal protection for the public and state administration officials themselves, as well as state administrative law enforcement agencies who aspire to realize a good and authoritative government. Keywords: Good government, State administration court


Author(s):  
Miguel Ángel CABELLOS ESPIÉRREZ

LABURPENA: Estatu konposatuetan beharrezkotzat jotzen dute zehaztea zer eragin daukan deszentralizazio politikoak lurraldeko hizkuntz eskubideen aintzatespenean, eskubide horietan nolabaiteko aniztasuna finkatuta, eta noiz den aniztasun hori berdintasun-eskakizunaren aurkakoa, estatu konposatu guztien oinarrian baitago. Era horretako estatuetan, eskumenak banatzeko sistemek bide desberdinak erabiltzen dituzte oreka zail horri ekitean; bide horietako bat da estatuari eskumena ematea eskubideetako batzuk estatuaren lurralde osoan era homogeneoan arautzeko, eta, horrela, autonomia politikotik eratortzen den aniztasuna eremu homogeneo horretatik kanpo bakarrik izan daiteke, eta inola ere ez eremu horren barruan. Teknika horren adibide argia daukagu Espainian 149.1.1 CE artikuluan, eta adibiderik berriena Italiako Konstituzioaren 117.II.m) artikuluan dago, hain zuzen ere, lan honetan aztertuko dena. RESUMEN: En los Estados compuestos se plantea la necesidad de determinar hasta qué punto la descentralización política puede influir en el reconocimiento de derechos a lo largo del territorio, determinando un cierto elemento de variedad en el contenido de estos, y cuándo tal variedad resultaría contraria a la exigencia de igualdad que debe hallarse también en la base de todo Estado compuesto. Los sistemas de distribución competencial en estos Estados abordan este complejo equilibrio mediante diferentes técnicas, una de las cuales consiste en otorgar al Estado una competencia para regular una parte de los derechos con carácter homogéneo en todo el territorio estatal, de modo que la variedad derivada de la autonomía política solo sea posible más allá de esa zona homogénea, pero no dentro de ella. De esta técnica, de la que en España tenemos un ejemplo evidente en el art. 149.1.1 CE, el exponente más reciente en el tiempo es el art. 117.II.m) de la Constitución italiana, que es el objeto de análisis de este trabajo. ABSTRACT: In the compound States it’s necessary to set to what extent political decentralization may influence the recognition of rights over the territory, determining a CErtain element of variety in the content of these, and when such a variety would be contrary to the requirement of equality, that must also be on the basis of all compound State. The systems of distribution of competences in these States address this complex balance using different techniques, one of which is to give the State a power to regulate in an uniform way a part of the rights, so the variety derived from political autonomy will be possible only beyond that homogeneous area but not within it. In Spain we have a clear example of this technique in art. 149.1.1 CE, and the latest exponent in time of this way is art. 117. II.m) of the Italian Constitution, which is the object of analysis of this work.


Author(s):  
Yves-Gael Billet ◽  
Christophe Gravier ◽  
Jacques Fayolle

This paper provides the state of art and hints on how to lay the foundations of an adaptive QoS approach in Next Generation Networks (NGN). The key idea is to provide a model, which would offer one application version or another, depending on the Quality of Service (QoS) negotiated at the session establishment in a NGN. The stake of this research is a better-balanced usage of the network, for maximizing the service offered to the user given his or her network capacities. It encompasses the model for such an implementation in a NGN as IP Multimedia Subsystem (IMS).


2010 ◽  
Vol 56 (No. 11) ◽  
pp. 522-531 ◽  
Author(s):  
Đ. ŽUTINIĆ ◽  
I. GRGIĆ

The aim of the study was to determine the chances of the Slavonian family farms for social reproduction in the next generation and to determine attitudes of farmers towards some aspects of family farm inheritance and the possible ways of preventing the division of land. The research was carried out on a sample of 202 family farms. The analysis showed that the chances to remain as integral production units in the next generation are realistic for only 48% of family farms. The traditional pattern of behavior is obvious with regard to inheritance and to postponing the transfer of management and control of the farm resources. The majority of the Slavonian farmers find that it would be proper if the state were to introduce special measures to regulate the integrity of the land and to offer subsidies and easements for the "entry" of the young into the agriculture.


2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marsi Bombongan Rantesalu

The most effective pioneers of mental revolution are learners. Learners are the next generation of this nation, and learners who will take many roles in the development of the Indonesian nation. The advanced nation is determined by the person involved in the care of the Indonesian people, the advanced church is determined by the youth and members of the congregation who are actively involved in it. It is undeniable that changes within the church and within this nation are much influenced by the nation's children. Thus, the bachelors involved in the church and the state must be the nation's children who have good character, have a steel mental who will firmly fight for the Indonesian people and gerind from corruption, collusion, nepotism and other attitudes that can divide an alliance both in the church and in the nation. Therefore, the nation's children who are expected to bring change, are expected to be well educated, and have a commitment to be honest in advancing this nation, so teachers, especially Christian teachers who directly touching in educating the nation's children are expected to give its role as a destination planner mature learning, being a good example and able to create synergy between schooland parents


2021 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yannick Van Herck ◽  
Asier Antoranz ◽  
Madhavi Dipak Andhari ◽  
Giorgia Milli ◽  
Oliver Bechter ◽  
...  

The state-of-the-art for melanoma treatment has recently witnessed an enormous revolution, evolving from a chemotherapeutic, “one-drug-for-all” approach, to a tailored molecular- and immunological-based approach with the potential to make personalized therapy a reality. Nevertheless, methods still have to improve a lot before these can reliably characterize all the tumoral features that make each patient unique. While the clinical introduction of next-generation sequencing has made it possible to match mutational profiles to specific targeted therapies, improving response rates to immunotherapy will similarly require a deep understanding of the immune microenvironment and the specific contribution of each component in a patient-specific way. Recent advancements in artificial intelligence and single-cell profiling of resected tumor samples are paving the way for this challenging task. In this review, we provide an overview of the state-of-the-art in artificial intelligence and multiplexed immunohistochemistry in pathology, and how these bear the potential to improve diagnostics and therapy matching in melanoma. A major asset of in-situ single-cell profiling methods is that these preserve the spatial distribution of the cells in the tissue, allowing researchers to not only determine the cellular composition of the tumoral microenvironment, but also study tissue sociology, making inferences about specific cell-cell interactions and visualizing distinctive cellular architectures - all features that have an impact on anti-tumoral response rates. Despite the many advantages, the introduction of these approaches requires the digitization of tissue slides and the development of standardized analysis pipelines which pose substantial challenges that need to be addressed before these can enter clinical routine.


2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 91
Author(s):  
Ni Nyoman Ayu Suciartini

<p><em>Leadership in Hinduism is closely related to ethics. The nature and attitude of a leader is a determinant of the success or failure of a leader in running the wheels of government. Local wisdom is owned by the Balinese Hindu community is very positive to stem the behavior of corruption both in leadership on campus and when plunging in the community. Corruption behavior should not be interpreted as culture and society antipati against it. His young son as the next generation of the nation must be saved from corruption pratik increasingly rampant. The most basic and contextual, which is very close to the life of the community that is tangent to the culture, local wisdom of a society. This local wisdom plays an important role to realize the prevention of corruption is more leverage. Local wisdom asta bratha, 8 good leadership traits according to Hindu concept can be an alternative to moral education in elementary, middle, upper, and college. The nature of this leadership will be a strong moral foundation in education to lead students to a better life without corruption and the goals of the nation and the state can be maximized.</em></p>


2016 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Farida Farida

<p align="center"><strong>Abstrak</strong></p><p><em>Remaja merupakan fase kehidupan yang menarik untuk dikaji, tentang perubahan: fisiknya yang cepat, ketidaknyamanan karena fungsi yang berubah-ubah “satu sisi masih dianggap kecil namun sisi lain dianggap sudah besar”, keinginan untuk “terlepas ikatan” dengan orang tua untuk tergabung dalam sebuah peer group, rasa penasaran terhadap perintah-perintah agama. Kondisi tersebut menyebabkan banyaknya remaja memiliki masalah, sehingga perilakunya aneh dan merasa berbeda dengan lingkungan sekitar. Belum lagi tuntutan budaya, yang menyebabkan remaja semakin sulit untuk beradaptasi dengan lingkungan. Oleh karenanya, dengan bimbingan konseling agama menumbuhkan kesadaran baru bahwa kondisi perubahan pada diri remaja adalah hal yang normal dan tetap beraktivitas dengan semangat untuk mengoptimalkan daya-daya yang dimiliki (biologis, psikologis, sosial, spiritual) untuk berpretasi meneruskan cita-cita keluarga dan negara. Sehingga membantu remaja untuk memiliki sikap lentur (resiliensi) agar mampu beradaptasi di beragam lingkungan budaya untuk menjadi generasi penerus yang berkualitas dengan berbagai prestasi yang membanggakan di bidang kemampuan biologis, rasa percaya diri, keberfungsian sosial dan sempurna dengan melaksanakan perintah agama sesuai dengan keyakinannya. </em></p><p><em> </em></p><p align="center"><strong>Abstract</strong></p><p><em>GUIDANCE COUNSELING RELIGION WITH CULTURAL APPROACH (FORM THE RESILIENCE OF TEENAGERS). Teenagers is a phase of life that is interesting to examined, about changes: sions which quickly, inconvenience because the functions to change "one side is still considered small but the other side is considered to have great", the desire for "free" ties with the parents to joined in a peer group, taste curious about the commandments of religion. The condition causes many teenagers have a problem, so that their behavior strange and feel different with the environment. Yet the demands of culture, which cause adolescents are increasingly difficult to adapt with the environment. Therefore, with guidance counseling religion grow new awareness that conditions change on themselves adolescents it is normal and remains active with the spirit to optimize the power that power belongs to biological (, psychological, social, spiritual) to berpretasi forward the ideals of the family and the state. So helping teens to have a flexible attitude (resilience) to be able to adapt in a variety of cultural environments to become the next generation of quality with a variety of excellent achievement in the field of biological capabilities, confidence social keberfungsian and perfect with fulfilling the commands of religion in accordance with confidence.</em></p><p> </p>


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