The State and Economic Development

2020 ◽  
pp. 455-473
Author(s):  
Tassos Giannitsis
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
Pension System ◽  
The State ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Macroeconomic Imbalances ◽  
Role Of The State ◽  
Short And Long Term ◽  
Post War

The chapter focuses on the role and impact of public policies on Greece’s economic development mainly in the period after 1974. The aim is to investigate the key interactions between state policies and economic development, identify the factors hampering or driving economic development during this long period, provide a deeper insight into the links and causalities between the short- and long-term dimensions of policy-making and its nexus to economic development, and reveal the underlying social and political dynamics. In a first part, the focus is on the long-term determinants of Greece’s post-war development, (role of the state, weak technological and innovation capabilities, macroeconomic imbalances, over-indebtedness, and pension system). In a second part, six major phases are distinguished and the focus is on the economic performance, the role of governance, deindustrialization, and structural weaknesses, the significant changes regarding the integration of Greece into the European Union and the eurozone, and the unfolding of the business sector during these phases. Regarding the crisis period, the chapter examines how besides its macroeconomic nature, the crisis was also the outcome of accumulated structural weaknesses and inappropriate long- and short-term policy choices. Finally, it displays the complexity involved in overcoming deeply entrenched attitudes and behaviours, including government practices, which appear to generate satisfactory results in the short- or medium-run, but make necessary extensive and highly painful interventions at later stages.

Unemployment as a threat to society – an analysis of the situation in Poland and selected countries of the European Union

2016 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 265-282
Author(s):  
Tomasz Łachacz ◽  
Sylwester Zagulski
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Sex Education ◽  
The State ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Role Of The State ◽  
And Migration ◽  
The Unemployed ◽  
The Eu

Unemployment is classified today as one of the main threats to society. The phenomenon affects the lives of individuals, the functioning of families and society and development of the state. It is often the source of other social problems such as poverty, violence, or social pathologies. The article presents the scale and nature of unemployment occurring after 1989 in Poland and in selected European Union countries, i.e. the Netherlands, Spain, Slovakia and Latvia. It attempts to show the characteristic trends of the phenomenon over a period of more than two decades. Examples from the European countries analysed show that the situation in the labour market and the approach to employment are radically different. Individual countries are characterised by very different unemployment rates, which reflect their different size, economic and demographic potential, or are associated with the tradition of employment. The existence of differences seems to be normal, but their scale may give rise to concern. A characteristic feature of unemployment in the period analysed is its regional diversity, both in Poland and in the whole of the European community. Important factors that determine the level of unemployment are age, sex, education and people’s qualifications. The effects of long-term unemployment are very painful for the whole of society. Such a situation can lead to, amongst others, poverty, societal antagonism, violence and migration. The latter is an issue that the whole of Europe is currently struggling with. The uncontrolled influx of immigrants, including those migrating for economic reasons, causes fear of losing their job among Europeans, which in turn translates into the radicalisation of society. A role of the state and the EU institutions is to create an effective mechanism for the protection and support of the unemployed. This is a prerequisite for Europeans to continue the project which is a common united Europe.

Feminism and Child Daycare

1996 ◽  
Vol 25 (4) ◽  
pp. 485-505 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vicky Randall
Keyword(s):  
Social Change ◽  
Social Class ◽  
The State ◽  
Proper Role ◽  
Role Of The State ◽  
Second Wave Feminism ◽  
Short And Long Term ◽  
Second Wave

ABSTRACTThis article explores some of the main reasons why feminist mobilisation around the issue of child daycare in Britain has been so limited and its impact so modest. It describes this mobilisation, comparing it with experience in other countries and with mobilisation on other issues. It suggests that the modest achievement to date is largely attributable to factors other than the lack of feminist pressure. Indeed feminist reservations were partly a realistic response to these external constraints. But they were also a consequence of the particular character of second wave feminism in Britain and of the questions posed by the issue of childcare for feminists. These questions included the nature and proper role of the state, motherhood, the value of paid employment for women, social class and the tension between short and long-term strategies for social change.

scholarly journals CORRUPTION AND ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT: THE ROLE OF THE STATE

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (1(13)) ◽  
pp. 135-141 ◽  
Author(s):  
Volodymyr Petrovych Beglytsia ◽  
◽  
Olena Oleksandrivna Tsyplitska ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
The State ◽  
Role Of The State

The Role of The State In Economic Development

2017 ◽  
pp. 257-280
Author(s):  
A.P. Thirlwall ◽  
Penélope Pacheco-López
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
The State ◽  
Role Of The State

The Bureaucratic Bourgeoisie

2019 ◽  
Vol 51 (S1) ◽  
pp. 231-252
Author(s):  
Chris Miller
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
Third World ◽  
The State ◽  
Political Role ◽  
Role Of The State ◽  
World Economic

This article examines shifts in Soviet ideas about the economic and political role of the state. Drawing on documents from Russian archives as well as published debates, the article traces Soviet ideas about how states operate. Examining the role of writers such as Fedor Burlatsky and Karen Brutents, the article suggests that by the 1970s and 1980s, Soviet analysts increasingly believed that state structures could be self-interested, functioning as a type of class. Soviet scholars concluded that such self-interested state structures explained some of what they perceived as the failures of third-world economic development—as well as some of the pathologies of the USSR’s own politics.

scholarly journals Features of construction of the model socially oriented national economy

2020 ◽  
pp. 48-55
Author(s):  
Оlena Golovnya ◽  
Iryna Kinash
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
Public Sector ◽  
Economic System ◽  
National Economy ◽  
State Regulation ◽  
The State ◽  
Social Orientation ◽  
Economic Mechanism

The background of the development of the model of economic development of Ukraine in the context of social orientation has been analyzed taking into account the interdependent influence of the mechanism of market relations and economic policy of the state. It is researched that the economic mechanism of socially oriented market economy contains organizational structure of production (vertical and horizontal), specific forms of functioning of economic system (state and non-state regulation of the market), as well as a specific institutional base (including its legislative component). The constituents of the economic system are entities formed by large economic entities (eg financial corporations). The authors argue that the economic mechanism of a socially oriented national economy is a complex structure and system of interconnections and includes: a) a system of balanced markets; b) public sector of economy; c) large economic structures that fulfill the regulatory role of the state for the economy as a whole and at the same time increase the market sensitivity to medium and long-term programs of its development; d) public sector administrative and production subsystem; e) system of operative state regulation of economy; e) a budget-balancing system with a powerful core; g) regulatory framework governing mid-market processes. The study states that Ukraine, in rather difficult conditions, produces the parameters of its own national model of socio-economic development for the long term. The country has not yet formulated or implemented an effective model of economic development that would fully reflect its national characteristics and interests and become a macroeconomic basis for effective state regulation It is determined that in the conditions of construction of a new model of the national economy the role of non-governmental and charitable organizations is increasing. The role of non-governmental organizations, which represent one of the most optimal legal forms to assist citizens in solving their common problems, upholding common interests, is a compulsory attribute of the model of socially oriented national economy.

scholarly journals Optimization of the Activities of Institutions Promoting Investment in the sustainable Economic Growth of Russia

2021 ◽  
Vol 25 (4) ◽  
pp. 110-120
Author(s):  
E. A. Zvonova ◽  
V. Ya. Pishchik ◽  
P. V. Alekseevc
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
Foreign Direct Investment ◽  
Direct Investment ◽  
The State ◽  
Russian Economy ◽  
Socio Economic Development ◽  
Development Institutions ◽  
Investment Process

The article examines and assesses the problem of the investment deficit in the Russian economy, which has acquired particular relevance due to the coronavirus crisis caused by the pandemic. The study aims to develop practical recommendations for Russian state bodies to stimulate the investment process in the Russian economy and improve the efficiency of measures taken by the state to ensure the country’s socio-economic development. The objectives of this paper are to analyze the directions of optimization and prioritization of investment of resources during the economic recession caused by the coronavirus crisis using investment lending and project financing instruments, as well as to analyze and assess the ongoing reform of development institutions based on the state corporation “VEB.RF”. The research methodology includes an analysis of the regulatory legal framework, statistical information, official reports of state bodies, development institutions, scientific monographs and publications of Russian scientists, periodicals. The authors analyzed the trends and problems of the investment process in the Russian economy, including in the field of attracting foreign direct investment. Attention is paid to the ongoing reform of development institutions aimed at enhancing the role of the state development corporation “VEB.RF” in stimulating investment. The authors conclude that it is necessary to take a set of functional, instrumental, and institutional measures aimed at stimulating investment and ensuring sustainable socio-economic development of Russia. In particular, in the context of a shortage of domestic sources of financing for long-term investments, it is important to provide regulatory macroeconomic support for the inflow of foreign direct investment into the Russian economy. In this regard, the authors propose to change the monetary policy strategy to increase the stimulating role of refinancing of credit institutions and the projected exchange rate in attracting domestic and foreign long-term investments and ensuring sustainable development of the Russian economy. The authors also propose to increase the role of foreign exchange regulation and foreign exchange control in stimulating investment and ensuring sustainable socio-economic development of Russia.

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