Archaeozoological techniques and protocols for elaborating scenarios of early colonization and Neolithization of Cyprus

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jean-Denis Vigne
Keyword(s):  
Cultural History ◽  
Eastern Mediterranean ◽  
Sexually Dimorphic ◽  
Critical Approach ◽  
Long Distance ◽  
Near Eastern ◽  
Relative Chronology ◽  
History Of ◽  
Animal Resources

This paper summarizes some of the main results that have been obtained through the archaeozoological study of the large Cypriot Pre-Pottery Neolithic site of Shillourokambos, dated between 8300 and 7000 cal bc. It shows how the presence of the archaeozoologists in the field, as well as an original faunal-based critical approach of the relative chronology of the different phases of occupation of this site, can improve the quality of the archaeozoological contribution to the cultural history of the region. Special attention is also paid to the osteometric study of sexually dimorphic ungulates. The results concern the evolution of the system of exploitation of the animal resources during this important phase of the Near Eastern Neolithic transition. They also evidence the long-distance exchanges between early Neolithic villages and they indirectly document the early history of navigation in the eastern Mediterranean.

scholarly journals Una rassegna bibliografica sui traduttori romeni dell’Inferno (1883-2015): considerazioni di tipo metodologico e deontologico

Translationes ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 70-84
Author(s):  
Iulia Cosma
Keyword(s):  
Cultural History ◽  
Reception Theory ◽  
Literary Language ◽  
Critical Approach ◽  
Monographic Study ◽  
History Of ◽  
History Of Translation ◽  
Literature History ◽  
Interdisciplinary Study ◽  
History Of Literature

Abstract This paper is intended as part of a larger research that aims to the realization of a monographic study dedicated to the Romanian translations of Dante's Inferno, from 19th to 21th century. It is a historical and critical approach, intended as an interdisciplinary study, to be placed at the crossing of disciplines like translation history, translation criticism, reception theory, history of literature, history of literary language, cultural history. The bibliographical selection we propose is complete with some methodological and deontological considerations of utility in the study of the history of translation.

A (New) Economic History of the American Revolution?

2018 ◽  
Vol 91 (1) ◽  
pp. 110-128
Author(s):  
Emma Rothschild
Keyword(s):  
Cultural History ◽  
American Revolution ◽  
Economic History ◽  
Economic Thought ◽  
Economic Life ◽  
History Of Economic Thought ◽  
Long Distance ◽  
History Of ◽  
Point Of Departure

The article suggests that The Ideological Origins of the American Revolution can be the point of departure for a new economic history that combines the history of economic thought, economic-cultural history, especially of long-distance connections, and the history of ordinary exchanges in economic life.

Democracy

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
James Thompson
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Cultural History ◽  
Final Section ◽  
Political History ◽  
The State ◽  
Making Sense ◽  
Democratic Practices ◽  
History Of

This chapter seeks to bring out the interrelated quality of twentieth century discussions of democracy, drawing especially on debates in the 1930s and 1970s. It locates these within the longer history of the British conversation about democracy, a conversation that was both influenced by discussions elsewhere and informed by comparisons with, and imaginings of, other polities. It starts with an examination of the history of debating democracy in Britain and then turns to the British way of doing democracy. It argues that the former is essential to making sense of the latter. It moves on to consider how the British have done democracy, drawing upon an emerging cultural history of democratic practices. The final section offers thoughts on the prospects for the historiography of democracy in Britain, and on what its development so far says about the state of modern British political history.

Introduction

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
René Gabriëls ◽  
Robert Wilkinson
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
Cultural Identity ◽  
Cultural History ◽  
Linguistic Diversity ◽  
European Countries ◽  
Common Language ◽  
Quality Of Higher Education ◽  
History Of ◽  
History Of Europe

The tension between monolingualism and multilingualism has left its mark on the cultural history of Europe. Current public and academic debates about the Englishization of higher education pitch proponents of the monolingual ideal of a common language that promotes communication against advocates of the maintenance of linguistic diversity that does more justice to the multicultural reality and enriches life. Notwithstanding the differences between European countries, the switch from an initially monolingual curriculum to a bilingual and sometimes multilingual curriculum in higher education has led to debates about the consequences of the Englishization for the quality of higher education, cultural identity, inequality between stakeholders and the opportunities to express concern about this process.

Numbing Aesthetics: Taste and Tempers of Peppercorn / Mountain Pepper / Sanshō

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (4) ◽  
pp. 64-74
Author(s):  
Lan A. Li
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Early Modern ◽  
Cultural History ◽  
Hair Loss ◽  
Single Unit ◽  
East Asian ◽  
Origin Stories ◽  
History Of ◽  
Molecular Components

This article explores a cultural history of peppercorn and its famous characterization as a “numbing spice.” It investigates how the quality of “numbing spice” extended from East Asian cosmologies that engaged with peppercorn, also known as mountain pepper or sanshō 山椒, as a medical, literary, and culinary object. Medieval and early modern encyclopedias in China described how the plant's vivid colors reflected cosmological relationships that promised better health and eternal youth. The plant's desirability represented what I call “numbing aesthetics,” in that its taste was directly tied to its appearance and utility. When burned, boiled, or crushed, forms of peppercorn could treat hemorrhages, hair loss, swollen scrotums, and toothaches. Beautiful peppers were more effective; ugly peppers were less effective. These many types of plants had many kinds of names with origin stories that derived from young girls, young couples, pigs, and frogs. As a social metaphor, pepper dust became a popular metaphor for describing confined concubines. This article later argues that these qualities fell away when biologists attempted to reduce the plant into its active molecular components in the twentieth century. Tokyo-based chemists imperfectly distilled numbing juices from the pepper's bark and fruit to define numbness as a single unit of flavor, even when numbness was not a classical kind of flavor and more closely resembled tingling vibrations. But by becoming a quasi-category of flavor, the molecularization of peppercorn would diminish its long history of cosmological associations that were gendered, practiced, and otherworldly.

Building reputations: a genteel life in trade

2018 ◽  
pp. 26-74
Author(s):  
Conor Lucey
Keyword(s):  
Cultural History ◽  
Domestic Architecture ◽  
Architectural Discourse ◽  
Interior Decoration ◽  
Building Trades ◽  
Professional Class ◽  
History Of ◽  
Real Estate Advertising ◽  
House Design

This chapter presents a cultural history of the eighteenth- and early nineteenth-century building tradesman in Britain, Ireland and North America, focusing on his social identity and professional class; the textual and visual representations of the building trades in contemporary print culture; degrees of social and professional mobility; and the means by which the builder promoted and self-fashioned as an arbiter of architectural taste. Of particular importance here is how the reputations of tradesman were characterized in social and architectural discourse at a time when concerns were raised about the quality of speculatively built urban domestic architecture (in terms of aesthetics and sound construction); a discourse predicated on the emerging architectural profession and its corresponding demand for authority over all aspects of design and building. Taken together, the themes of this chapter provide the cultural backdrop for an examination of the artisan’s relationship to house design, to interior decoration, and to real estate advertising.

scholarly journals Agricultural sustainability in the semi-arid Near East

2007 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 193-203 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. Hole
Keyword(s):  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Eastern Mediterranean ◽  
Wild Food ◽  
Quality Of Information ◽  
Land Quality ◽  
Near Eastern ◽  
Marginal Areas ◽  
Agricultural Potential ◽  
Natural Climate

Abstract. Agriculture began in the eastern Mediterranean Levantine Corridor about 11000 years ago toward the end of the Younger Dryas when aridity had diminished wild food resources. During the subsequent Climatic Optimum, agricultural villages spread rapidly but subsequent climatic changes on centennial to millennial scales resulted in striking oscillations in settlement, especially in marginal areas. Natural climate change thus alternately enhanced and diminished the agricultural potential of the land. Growing populations and more intensive land us, both for agriculture and livestock, have led to changes in the structure of vegetation, hydrology, and land quality. Over the millennia, political and economic interventions, warfare and incursions by nomadic herding tribes all impacted sustainability of agriculture and the ability of the land to supports its populations. In much of the region today, agricultural land use is not sustainable given existing technology and national priorities. The Near Eastern case is instructive because of the quality of information, the length of the record, and the pace of modern change.

Inconsistency in the Torah

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joshua A. Berman
Keyword(s):  
Intellectual History ◽  
Near East ◽  
Single Agent ◽  
Biblical Studies ◽  
Ancient Near East ◽  
Critical Approach ◽  
Near Eastern ◽  
Critical Method ◽  
History Of ◽  
Narrative Literature

This book proposes a new approach to the Pentateuch’s narrative and legal inconsistencies that scholars have taken as signs of fragmentation and competing agendas. Recent studies of the scribal culture of the ancient Near East reveal that the models of textual growth hypothesized by biblicists often find no basis in the empirical evidence of these neighboring cultures. It reveals precursors for a variety of Pentateuchal inconsistencies in the narrative literature of the ancient Near East, deliberately deployed by a single agent. It explores the inconsistencies between the Pentateuch’s law corpora and arguing the view that these collections conflict with one another rests on an anachronistic understanding of ancient Near Eastern and biblical law as statutory law. It maintains that the historical critical approach to the Pentateuch has relied upon scholarly intuition concerning the inconsistencies found in the text. The recent pivot to empirical models constitutes a major challenge to traditional historical-critical method, mandating a review of its premises. The book includes a critical intellectual history of the theories of textual growth in biblical studies tracing how critics were influenced first by the fascination with science in the eighteenth century and then by Romanticism and Historicism in the nineteenth. These movements unwittingly led the field to adopt a range of commitments and interests that impede the proper execution of historical critical method in the study of the Pentateuch. It concludes by advocating a return to the hermeneutics of Spinoza and adopting a methodologically modest agenda.

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