Production networks and economic policy

2019 ◽  
Vol 35 (4) ◽  
pp. 638-677 ◽  
Author(s):  
Basile Grassi ◽  
Julien Sauvagnat
Keyword(s):  
Economic Policy ◽  
Fiscal Policy ◽  
Industrial Policy ◽  
Competition Policy ◽  
Policy Intervention ◽  
Production Networks ◽  
Input Output ◽  
Combine Data ◽  
Statistical Agencies ◽  
Theory Of Production

Abstract In this paper, we show how to combine data on input–output tables and recent insights from the theory of production networks in order to inform policy. We first describe the information contained in input–output tables compiled by statistical agencies, and show how to derive relevant statistics of production networks. We then discuss the implications of production networks for policy intervention in a series of domains, such as fiscal policy, industrial policy, or, finance. Finally, we present a quantitative exercise applied to French data in order to illustrate that production networks shape the overall impact of competition policy on the economy.

scholarly journals Chemical industry and value-added trade – A comparative study on Hungary and Poland

2019 ◽  
Vol 69 (1) ◽  
pp. 81-99 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pawel Folfas ◽  
Beáta Udvari
Keyword(s):  
Economic Policy ◽  
World Economy ◽  
New Products ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Value Chains ◽  
Production Networks ◽  
Input Output ◽  
Global Production Networks ◽  
The World ◽  
Chemical Products

Nowadays, global production networks (GPN) and global value chains (GVC) play an important role in the world economy intensifying the trade and production networks and resulting in products having value-added in different countries. The analysis of how many intermediate products a country imports in order to produce a product and of how many products a country exports to another country in order to produce new products draws the attention to value-added trade. In the present study, we compare the Hungarian and Polish value-added trade of chemicals and chemical products. We use the OECD-WTO data of value-added trade, which is based on an input-output table. By calculating numerous indices, we reveal that the domestic value-added of chemicals and chemical products in the two countries was relatively low and should be increased by adequate economic policy.

scholarly journals Theoretical and applied aspects of industrial and competition policy harmonization

2021 ◽  
pp. 93-99
Author(s):  
I. F. Bogatyrev
Keyword(s):  
Economic Policy ◽  
Industrial Policy ◽  
Competition Policy ◽  
Current State ◽  
Positive Effect

The relevance of studying the harmonization of industrial policy with other types of economic policy is determined, the structure of industrial policy is presented, the main directions of harmonization are noted. The external harmonization of industrial policy is analysed in detail on the example of competition policy. The main aspects of each of the policies are considered, their main differences are noted. Attention is focused on their possible mutual complementarity in order to achieve a higher positive effect from the implementation of each. The current state of harmonization in Russia is considered, in particular, the conclusion is made about the dominance of industrial policy over competition. The main problems of harmonization are highlighted, including the discrepancy between pre-set goals in industrial policy and the final results. The problem of small and medium-sized businesses in industry is identified, the factors hindering the development of subjects of these categories are formulated. 

Competition Policy under Economic Crisis

2009 ◽  
pp. 54-69 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Shastitko ◽  
S. Avdasheva ◽  
S. Golovanova
Keyword(s):  
Division Of Labor ◽  
Economic Crisis ◽  
Industrial Policy ◽  
Competition Policy ◽  
Transition Economy ◽  
Economic Recession ◽  
Price Rigidity ◽  
Key Factor ◽  
Policy Measures ◽  
The Impact

The analysis of competition policy under economic crisis is motivated by the fact that competition is a key factor for the level of productivity. The latter, in its turn, influences the scope and length of economic recession. In many Russian markets buyers' gains decline because of the weakness of competition, since suppliers are reluctant to cut prices in spite of the decreasing demand. Data on prices in Russia and abroad in the second half of 2008 show asymmetric price rigidity. At least two questions are important under economic crisis: the 'division of labor' between pro-active and protective tools of competition policy and the impact of anti-crisis policy on competition. Protective competition policy is insufficient in transition economy, especially in the days of crisis it should be supplemented with the well-designed industrial policy measures which do not contradict the goals of competition. The preferable tools of anti-crisis policy are also those that do not restrain competition.

Some Key Issues Concerning Further Development of China’s Anti-Monopoly Law

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wang Xianlin
Keyword(s):  
Intellectual Property ◽  
Industrial Policy ◽  
Competition Policy ◽  
Property Law ◽  
Antitrust Enforcement ◽  
Judicial Process ◽  
Intellectual Property Law ◽  
Strict Compliance ◽  
Key Issues ◽  
Further Development

Since the Anti-Monopoly Law was enforced in China more than eight years ago, important achievements have occurred, as well as challenges for further development. In addition to challenges relating to amending legislation, strengthening enforcement, improving the judicial process, and ensuring strict compliance, etc, there are four issues that will be focused on here, namely: taking monopoly industries as a breakthrough to further promote the enforcement of China’s Anti-Monopoly Law (both administrative and civil antitrust enforcement should focus on prominent monopolistic conducts in typical monopoly industries); properly handling the coordination between industrial policy and competition policy; promoting the cooperation between the Anti-Monopoly Law and intellectual property law; and cultivating China’s competition culture.

scholarly journals Macroeconomic policy regime in Poland

Equilibrium ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 411
Author(s):  
Milka Kazandziska Kazandziska
Keyword(s):  
Monetary Policy ◽  
Economic Policy ◽  
Industrial Policy ◽  
Open Economy ◽  
Aggregate Demand ◽  
Financial System ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Macroeconomic Policy ◽  
Wage Policy ◽  
Foreign Economic Policy

The goal of this paper is to analyse the economic development of Poland using the concept of macroeconomic policy regimes (MPRs). Six elements of a MPR will be identified: foreign economic policy, industrial policy, the financial system, wage policy, monetary policy and fiscal policy. Examining the functionality of the development of these elements applied to Poland is a further aim of this paper. The functionality of the development of the MPR elements will be analysed on the basis of the fulfilment of the objectives, as well as the use of the proposed instruments and strategy assigned to every element of MPR. Due to space limits, we are going to focus on the former in this paper. Taking into consideration that Poland is an emerging and a relatively open economy, foreign economic policy and industrial policy play very significant roles in restructuring of the economy towards production and exports of high value-added products, which would enable the country to follow a growth path consistent with an external balance. The financial needs of the manufacturing sector and particularly of the producers and/or exporters of high-end products need to be satisfied by the financial system, whose stability needs to be secured with the help of monetary policy. The latter is, moreover, in charge of providing low-cost finance and maintaining the stability of the exchange rate. Stabilising the inflation rate would be given to wage policy. Fiscal policy’s main tasks would be to correct aggregate demand shocks and reduce income inequality.

scholarly journals ZAKAT SEBAGAI KEBIJAKAN FISKAL PADA MASA KEKHALIFAH UMAR BIN KHATTAB

2017 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 172-184
Author(s):  
Nurma Sari
Keyword(s):  
Economic Policy ◽  
Fiscal Policy ◽  
Government Expenditure ◽  
Islamic State ◽  
State Spending ◽  
Government Transfer ◽  
The People ◽  
Form Of Government ◽  
Government Transfers

This paper discusses a descriptive charity as fiscal policy during the caliphate of Umar. Zakat has a major position in fiscal policy in the early days of Islam. Besides, as a source of major revenue Islamic state at the time, zakat is also capable of supporting both state spending in the form of government expenditure (expenditure countries) and government transfers (transfer expenses). Zakat is also able to influence the economic policy of the Islamic government to improve the welfare of the people, especially the weak. It was in because zakat is the source of funds that will never dry out.Tulisan ini membahas secara deskriptif zakat sebagai kebijakan fiscal pada masa kekhalifahan umar bin khatab. Zakat mempunyai kedudukan utama dalam kebijakan fiskal pada masa awal islam. Disamping sebagai sumber pendapatan Negara Islam yang utama pada masa itu, zakat juga mampu menunjang pengeluaran Negara baik dalam bentuk government expenditure (pengeluaran belanja negara) maupun government transfer (pengeluaran transfer). Zakat juga mampu mempengaruhi kebijakan ekonomi pemerintah islam untuk meningkatkan kesejahteraan rakyat terutama kaum lemah. Hal itu di karenakan zakat adalah sumber dana yang tidak akan pernah kering dan habis.

La politica fiscale nel settore turistico: un confronto internazionale

2014 ◽  
pp. 27-52
Author(s):  
Angelo Quarto
Keyword(s):  
Economic Policy ◽  
Fiscal Policy ◽  
Economic System ◽  
European Countries ◽  
Demand Elasticity ◽  
Tax Burden ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Tourism Sector

Fiscal policy plays a key role in the competitiveness of the economic system of a country, and in particular in tourism. Specific tourism taxes such as airport taxes, accommodation, etc. have to be added to the already high tax burden on all the productive sectors. Such taxes increase the level of prices of tourist products and services, further reducing the competitiveness of the sector. Some studies show that the tourism sector is experiencing high levels of demand elasticity with respect to price, just a slight increase in the prices of tourism products (due to the increase in taxes) in a country is enough to lose tourists, as they turn to cheaper destinations. The measures of the economic policy should take into account the potential of the tourism sector to generate income and employment, addressing interventions for the sector to draw a policy that increases the competitiveness of the sector and that is focused on what is happening in competitor countries. Starting from the competitiveness of Italian tourism, the study will draw a picture on taxes in the tourism sector, analyzing the positive and negative effects of this approach, and then comparing the Italian situation with other European countries.

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