Myocardial bridge analysis by multidetector computed tomography and its association with coronary atherosclerosis

Abstract Background Myocardial Bridging an inborn coronary abnormality, is defined as a segment of a major epicardial coronary artery, the tunneled artery, that goes intramurally through the myocardium beneath the muscle bridge. Objective To evaluate noninvasively the presence and distribution of atherosclerotic plaques in relation to myocardial bridge coronary segments and to determine the prevalence of myocardial bridges and their location and morphology by using MDCT. Patients and Methods The study population consisted of 55 patients presented with chest pain, referred for MDCT coronary angiography and found to have myocardial bridge at during the period from April 2018 and August 2019. 23 patients was found having Myocardial Bridge and coronary artery atherosclerotic plaques included in Group (A), 29 persons found having Myocardial Bridge without CAD included in Group (B). All patients were subjected to detailed history taking, clinical evaluation, ECG analysis and MSCT coronary angiography. Results In the present study, patients with atherosclerotic plaque (group A) (n = 29), mean age was 52.41 ± 10.55 years ranged from 35.0 to 73.0 years, 41.4% were males, while in Myocardial bridge without atherosclerotic lesion group (group B) (n = 26), mean age was 51.65 ± 7.58 ranged from 38.0 to 65.0 years., 30.8% were males. Conclusion Our study showed that diabetes mellitus and dyslipidemia are a significant risk factor for developing atherosclerotic plaque in the segment proximal to myocardial bridge. Myocardial bridge were usually located over the Mid segment of the left anterior descending coronary artery

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CORRELATION BETWEEN ANDROGENIC ALOPECIAAND CORONARY ARTERY DISEASE SEVERITY ON CORONARY ANGIOGRAPHY AMONG YOUNG MALES IN CENTRAL INDIA

10.36106/ijsr/8300493 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 15-17

Author(s):

Amit Bhanudas Kinare ◽

Pradeep Kumar Jain ◽

Nimish Rai ◽

Vishwa Deepak Tripathi

Keyword(s):

Coronary Artery Disease ◽

Coronary Artery ◽

Coronary Angiography ◽

Disease Severity ◽

Central India ◽

Androgenic Alopecia ◽

Coronary Artery Disease Severity ◽

Group A ◽

Artery Disease ◽

Group B

Androgenic alopecia (AGA) is a hereditary androgen‑dependent disorder, characterized by gradual conversion of terminal hair into miniaturized hair and defined by various patterns. This was a hospital‑based observational study done on men in the age group of 18–45 years. Thirty cases each, with clinically diagnosed early onset androgenic alopecia (Norwood Grade III or above) (Group A) and without androgenic alopecia (Group B), along with evidence of coronary artery disease (CAD) on coronary angiography (CAG) report were included in the study. Correlation between Male androgenic alopecia grades and coronary artery disease severity in group A was statistically significant in patients with androgenic alopecia when compared to that in group B. Patients presenting with myocardial infarction who had concurrent AGA were evaluated by coronary angiography and found to have comparatively more severe form of coronary artery disease.

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Occurrence of coronary artery disease in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus can be predicted by neutrophil lymphocyte ratio

Bangladesh Medical Journal ◽

10.3329/bmj.v44i3.27371 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 44 (3) ◽

pp. 130-135

Author(s):

Mohammad Monzurul Alam Bhuiyan ◽

Md Saiful Islam ◽

Sheuli Ferdousi ◽

Dhiman Borua ◽

Mousumi Ghosh ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Coronary Artery Disease ◽

Coronary Artery ◽

Coronary Angiography ◽

Neutrophil Lymphocyte Ratio ◽

Lymphocyte Ratio ◽

Type 2 Dm ◽

Group A ◽

Artery Disease ◽

Group B

Neutrophil lymphocyte ratio (NLR) is the sign of balance between neutrophil & lymphocyte levels in the body and is an indicator of systemic inflammation. NLR is a new predictor for cardiovascular risk and mortality and by which occurrence of coronary artery disease can be predicted in type 2 DM patients. This case control study was conducted in the Department of Clinical pathology in collaboration with Department of Cardiology, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University (BSMMU), Dhaka from March 2014 to February 2015 to assess the NLR as a useful predictive marker for coronary artery disease in type 2 DM patients detected by coronary angiography. Total 134 patients waiting for coronary angiography in the Department of Cardiology, BSMMU were enrolled in this study. Among them, 84 patients were considered as Group A (DM with CAD). All of them had ? 50% coronary artery stenosis on coronary angiography. Fifty patients with DM but without CAD were enrolled in Group B and considered as controls. Statistically significant increased NLR was found in Group A (type 2 DM patients with CAD) compared to Group B (type 2 DM patients without CAD). So, NLR can be used to predict adverse outcome i.e. coronary artery disease in patients with type 2 DM.Bangladesh Med J. 2015 Sep; 44 (3): 130-135

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Optical coherent tomography for the diagnostic of non-obstructive coronary artery myocardial infarction

European Journal of Preventive Cardiology ◽

10.1093/eurjpc/zwab061.060 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 28 (Supplement_1) ◽

Author(s):

I Leonova ◽

S Boldueva ◽

V Feoktistova ◽

D Evdokimov

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Myocardial Infarction ◽

Coronary Heart Disease ◽

Heart Disease ◽

Coronary Artery ◽

Coronary Angiography ◽

Atherosclerotic Plaque ◽

St Elevation ◽

Spontaneous Dissection

Abstract Funding Acknowledgements Type of funding sources: None. The widespread use of coronary angiography (CAG) in patients with acute coronary syndrome led to the understanding that in some patients myocardial infarction (MI) occurs against angiographically unchanged or slightly modified coronary arteries (CA). In such cases, the so-called "type 2 IM" is diagnosed in some patients, however, to determine the true cause of MI, a modern method of investigation such as optical coherence tomography (OCT) is needed to visualize the intima of the CA and detect a minimal atherosclerotic process. The purpose of the study was to establish the etiology of MI without obstructive coronary artery disease (MINOCA) using OCT. Materials and methods 160 conclusions of the OCT were analyzed. In 9 (6%) cases, the study was conducted in patients who underwent proven MI (mean age 43,1 ± 13,2, 8 males, 1 female) who had no hemodynamically significant CA stenosis according to CAG data. Results in 2 cases (22%) patients had ST-elevation MI, thrombotic occlusion of the CA (in one case, thrombaspiration was performed). In both patients, spontaneous dissection of the intima of the unmodified CA was detected in the OCT. The remaining 7 patients had non-ST-elevation MI, and in 2 cases, a diagnosis of type 2 MI was established: in both patients, the atherosclerotic plaque was visualized, narrowing the lumen of the CA less than 50%, in one case MI developed against a background of the hypertensive crisis, in another - against a background of spasm of CA. In the remaining 5 patients, OCT revealed subintimal atheromatous, with elements of local dissection of the intima. Thus, in 78% of patients atherosclerosis of CA of different severity (from the subintimal deposition of lipids to the development of atherosclerotic plaque, narrowing the clearance of the SC by less than 50%) was diagnosed. In the analysis of risk factors for coronary heart disease (CHD), 57% of patients with atheromatous CA had more than 2 risk factors for CHD: 3 (42%) smoked, 5 (71%) - obesity, 4 (57% ) - had arterial hypertension, 3 (42%) had dyslipidemia, 1 (14%) had type 2 diabetes. In the group of patients with spontaneous intima dissection of the CA, 1 patient (woman) did not have CHD risk factors, the 2-nd suffered from obesity and hypertension. For all patients a lifestyle correction was recommended; statins, antiplatelets were prescribed, patients with spontaneous dissection of CA had the recommendation of examination in the medical-genetic center. Conclusion Based on the results of the study, in most cases, the cause of IMBOC development was an atherosclerotic lesion of the coronary arteries, which is not always visualized with standard coronary angiography. Basically, the patients were young and middle-aged. Most patients had different risk factors for coronary heart disease.

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Research on the correlation between activating transcription factor 3 expression in the human coronary artery and atherosclerotic plaque stability

BMC Cardiovascular Disorders ◽

10.1186/s12872-021-02161-9 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 21 (1) ◽

Author(s):

J. Peng ◽

C. Y. Le ◽

B. Xia ◽

J. W. Wang ◽

J. J. Liu ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Coronary Artery ◽

Necrotic Core ◽

Inflammatory Factors ◽

Lesion Group ◽

Control Group ◽

Atherosclerotic Plaques ◽

Activating Transcription Factor 3 ◽

Fibrous Cap ◽

Fibrous Cap Thickness ◽

Activating Transcription Factor

Abstract Background Activating transcription factor 3 (ATF3) is an early response gene that is activated in response to atherosclerotic stimulation and may be an important factor in inhibiting the progression of atherosclerosis. In this study, we directly measured the expression of ATF3 and inflammatory factors in human coronary atherosclerotic plaques to examine the relationship between ATF3 expression, inflammation and structural stability in human coronary atherosclerotic plaques. Methods A total of 68 coronary artery specimens were collected from the autopsy group, including 36 cases of sudden death from coronary heart disease (SCD group) and 32 cases of acute death caused by mechanical injury with coronary atherosclerosis (CHD group). Twenty-two patients who had no coronary heart disease were collected as the control group (Con group). The histological structure of the coronary artery was observed under a light microscope after routine HE staining, and the intimal and lesion thicknesses, thickness of the fibrous cap, thickness of necrosis core, degree of lumen stenosis were assessed by image analysis software. Western blotting and immunohistochemistry were used to measure the expression and distribution of ATF3, inflammatory factors (CD45, IL-1β, TNF-α) and matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) and vascular cell adhesion molecule 1 (VCAM1) in the coronary artery. The Pearson correlation coefficient was used to analyse the correlation between ATF3 protein expression and inflammatory factors and between ATF3 protein expression and structure-related indexes in the lesion group. Results Compared with those in the control group, the intima and necrotic core in the coronary artery were thickened, the fibrous cap became thin and the degree of vascular stenosis was increased in the lesion group, while the intima and necrotic core became thicker and the fibrous cap became thinner in the SCD group than in the CHD group (P < 0.05). There was no or low expression of ATF3, inflammatory factors, VCAM1 and MMP-9 in the control group, and the expression of inflammatory factors, VCAM1 and MMP-9 in the SCD group was higher than that in CHD group, while the expression of ATF3 in the SCD group was significantly lower than that in CHD group (P < 0.05). In the lesion group, the expression of ATF3 was negatively correlated with intimal and necrotic focus thickness, positively correlated with fibrous cap thickness (P < 0.01), and negatively correlated with inflammatory factors, VCAM1 and MMP-9 (P < 0.01). Conclusions The expression of ATF3 may be related to the progression and stability of atherosclerotic plaques, and may affect the structural stability of atherosclerotic plaques by regulating the inflammatory response, thus participating in the regulation of atherosclerotic progression.

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Left ventricular dysfunction causing ischemia in patients with patent coronary arteries

Perfusion ◽

10.1177/0267659117727826 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 33 (2) ◽

pp. 115-122

Author(s):

Thach Nguyen ◽

Hoang Do ◽

Tri Pham ◽

Loc T Vu ◽

Marco Zuin ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Chest Pain ◽

Coronary Artery ◽

Diastolic Pressure ◽

Left Ventricular ◽

T Wave ◽

St Depression ◽

Wave Inversion ◽

Group A ◽

Group B ◽

New Onset

Background: New onset of heart failure (HF) is an indication for the assessment of coronary artery disease. The aim of this study was to clarify the mechanistic causes of new onset HF associated with ischemic electrocardiograph (EKG) changes and chest pain in patients with patent or minimally diseased coronary arteries. Methods: Twenty consecutive patients (Group A) were retrospectively reviewed if they had an history of new onset of HF, chest pain, electrocardiographic changes indicating ischemia (ST depression or T wave inversion in at least two consecutive leads and a negative coronary angiogram [CA]) and did not require percutaneous coronary intervention or coronary artery bypass grafting. A 1:1 matched cohort (Group B) was adopted to validate the results. Results: All patients had a negative CA. The majority of subjects in Group A had a higher left ventricular end diastolic pressure (LVEDP) when compared to the control group (p<0.05). Similarly, the aortic diastolic (AOD) pressure was lower in Group A than in Group B (p<0.05). In patients with elevated LVEDP and low AOD, with a coronary perfusion pressure (CPP) <20 mmHg, deep T wave inversion in two consecutive leads were more frequently observed. When the CPP was between 20-30 mmHg, a mild ST depression were more frequently recorded (p<0.05). Conversely, when the CPP was >30 mmHg, only mild non-specific ST-T changes or normal EKG were observed. Conclusions: In patients with HF and EKG changes suggestive of ischemia in at least two consecutive leads, a lower AOD could aggravate ischemia in patients with elevated left ventricular end diastolic pressure.

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Thoracic Epidural Anesthesia for Coronary Bypass Surgery Affects Autonomic Neural Function and Arrhythmias

Innovations Technology and Techniques in Cardiothoracic and Vascular Surgery ◽

10.1097/01.gim.0000198517.54063.74 ◽

2005 ◽

Vol 1 (2) ◽

pp. 83-87 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Noriyoshi Yashiki ◽

Go Watanabe ◽

Shigeyuki Tomita ◽

Satoru Nishida ◽

Tamotsu Yasuda ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Atrial Fibrillation ◽

Coronary Artery ◽

General Anesthesia ◽

Sympathetic Activity ◽

Bypass Surgery ◽

Artery Bypass ◽

Coronary Bypass ◽

Thoracic Epidural ◽

Group A ◽

Group B

Background In recent years, the invasiveness of coronary reconstruction has been markedly reduced. Awake off-pump coronary artery bypass (AOCAB), coronary bypass surgery with thoracic epidural anesthesia (TEA) without general anesthesia and cardiopulmonary bypass), has been reported in the literature. Because the details of this technique are still unclear, we evaluated its usefulness by examining the autonomic neural state and the incidence of arrhythmia. Methods Fifty-five patients who underwent elective coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) between April and December 2003 were included in the study. Patients who underwent CABG under high TEA alone comprised group A, those who underwent CABG under general anesthesia combined with TEA comprised group B, and those who underwent CABG under general anesthesia alone comprised group C. Holter electrocardiography was performed before and after surgery, and perioperative electrocardiograms were recorded (before surgery and during surgery, postoperative days 0–3, and postoperative day 7). On obtained electrocardiograms, the autonomic neural state was evaluated by analysis of heart rate variability, and the incidence of atrial fibrillation. Results Concerning the autonomic neural state, sympathetic inhibition was observed during TEA in both groups A and B. After discontinuation of TEA, sympathetic activity recovered. Vagal activity was not inhibited in group A, but decreased during surgery and gradually recovered after surgery in group B. Evaluation of the balance between sympathetic and vagal activities showed that sympathetic activity became predominant rapidly on postoperative day 2 in group B but gradually after surgery in group A. The incidence of postoperative atrial fibrillation was the highest in group B. Conclusions In AOCAB, because there is no vagal inhibition, vagal dominance can be maintained after surgery. This may be associated with the lower incidence of postoperative atrial fibrillation in group A compared with group B. Further studies are necessary to evaluate the details of AOCAB.

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Abstract 2594: Coronary Multidetector Computed Tomography in the Prognostic Assessment of Patients with Equivocal or Mildly Abnormal Non-Invasive Cardiac Stress Tests

Circulation ◽

10.1161/circ.116.suppl_16.ii_574-c ◽

2007 ◽

Vol 116 (suppl_16) ◽

Author(s):

Clerio Azevedo ◽

Mariane Spotti ◽

Sabrina Bezerra ◽

Marcelo Hadlich ◽

Humberto Villacorta ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Computed Tomography ◽

Coronary Artery ◽

Coronary Angiography ◽

Confidence Interval ◽

Coronary Stenosis ◽

Atherosclerotic Plaques ◽

Stress Tests ◽

Cardiac Stress ◽

Non Invasive ◽

Mdct Coronary Angiography

Background: Patients with low or moderate pre-test probability of significant coronary artery disease (CAD) and equivocal or mildly abnormal non-invasive cardiac stress tests represent a frequent management challenge. Coronary multidetector computed tomography (MDCT) has been shown to have excellent diagnostic accuracy to exclude the presence of significant CAD. Methods: The study included 218 patients (mean age 59±12 years, 60% male) with equivocal or mildly abnormal exercise electrocardiography (n=93), stress SPECT perfusion scans (n=121), stress echocardiography (n=3) and stress cardiac MRI (n=1). Patients were either asymptomatic (n=113) or had atypical chest pain (n=105). All patients underwent contrast-enhanced 64-slice MDCT coronary angiography and datasets were evaluated for the presence of coronary atherosclerotic plaques and significant coronary artery stenosis. Patients were followed for 8±3 months and the endpoints evaluated were: cardiac death, myocardial infarction, revascularization procedure performed >3 months after MDCT coronary angiography and unstable angina requiring hospitalization. Results: MDCT coronary angiography was either normal (n=90; 41%), demonstrated non-obstructive coronary atherosclerotic plaques (n=66; 30%) or exhibited significant coronary stenosis (n=62; 29%). Event-free survival was 100% for patients with normal coronary angiography, 98% for patients with non-obstructive plaques and 92% for patients with coronary stenosis (log-rank test P=0.01). One patient with a non-obstructive plaque involving the left main coronary artery died following an AMI (hazard ratio, 0.38; 95% confidence interval, 0.04 to 3.24). Among patients with coronary stenosis, 3 underwent revascularization procedures and 2 died (hazard ratio, 12.59; 95% confidence interval, 1.47 to 107.86). Conclusion: Among patients with equivocal or mildly abnormal non-invasive cardiac stress tests, a normal MDCT coronary angiography is associated with a very low risk for subsequent cardiac events. Further studies are necessary to determine the clinical significance of non-obstructive atherosclerotic plaques detected by MDCT coronary angiography in this patient population.

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Informatics Analysis of Health Indicators and Pathological Manifestations of Foot-Process in Patients with Primary IgA Nephropathy

Journal of Medical Imaging and Health Informatics ◽

10.1166/jmihi.2021.3557 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (7) ◽

pp. 1985-1994

Author(s):

Shanhong Shi ◽

Fang Xing ◽

Weiyuan Lin

Keyword(s):

Iga Nephropathy ◽

Statistical Difference ◽

Lesion Group ◽

Oxford Classification ◽

Clinical Indicators ◽

Mesangial Hypercellularity ◽

Group A ◽

The Oxford Classification ◽

Foot Process ◽

Group B

Objective: This paper focuses on the foot-process in renal biopsies of patients with lgA, and examines their correlation with baseline clinical indicators and pathological manifestations in patients with lgA. Method: A retrospective data of patients who performed renal biopsy proven IgA nephropathy was selected. The patients who reached the agreed standard were grouped based on the degree of foot-process. There were three groups (ABC Groups) (Du, Y. and Huang, C, 2009. The value of proteinuria and foot process fusion in the onset of prognosis of acute kidney disease. Chinese Journal of Integrated Traditional and Western Medicine, 10(1), pp.44-45): group A for patients with no obvious foot-process lesion; group B for patients with segmental foot-process; group C for patients with massive foot-process. The three groups were reviewed in the aspects of baseline clinical indicators and Oxford classification, so as to discover foot-process’ effect on patients with IgA nephropathy. Results: A total of 129 patients with IgA nephropathy were included in the study. Concerning about the clinical baseline indicators related to the degree of foot-process, the 24-hour proteinuria level at admission was statistically significant and positively correlated (r = 0.324, P = 0.000). The comparison between groups showed there was statistically significant difference between group C and group A and group B (P = 0.001, P = 0.035). According to the Oxford Classification, only the differences of mesangial hypercellularity (M) and segmental sclerosis/adhesion (S) were statistically significant (r = 0.239, P = 0.006; r = 0.257, P = 0.003) and were positively correlated. In terms of mesangial hypercellularity (M), the differences between group A and B, group A and C were statistically significant (P = 0.01, P = 0.003). The comparison between group B and group C showed statistical difference (P = −0.031) in segmental sclerosis/adhesion (S). Among the 76 patients with S0 revealed by the Oxford classification, there were 55 patients of glomerulosclerosis, which was positively correlated with the degree of foot process (r = 0.211, P = 0.016). The comparison between group A and group C showed statistical difference (P = 0.014). Conclusion: The severity foot-process was positively correlated with the level of proteinuria. Foot-process is positively related with mesangial hypercellularity, segmental sclerosis and glomerulosclerosis. With more severe the foot-process, there will be more serious mesangial hypercellularity and irreversible glomerular injury. Foot-process is positively correlated with Lee’s Pathological Grading.

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Evaluation of Neurocognitive Dysfunction after Coronary Artery Bypass Surgery

Cardiovascular Journal ◽

10.3329/cardio.v10i2.36290 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 10 (2) ◽

pp. 186-193 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Tawfiq Ahmed ◽

Md Rezaul Karim ◽

Jahangir Haider Khan ◽

Shahriar Moinuddin

Keyword(s):

Coronary Artery ◽

Postoperative Period ◽

Coronary Artery Bypass Surgery ◽

Bypass Surgery ◽

Artery Bypass ◽

Neurocognitive Dysfunction ◽

Off Pump ◽

Group A ◽

Pump Cabg ◽

Group B

Objective: The Neurological injury is an important complication after coronary artery bypass surgery (CABG). The incidence of neurocognitive impairment after cardiac surgery varies from 20% to 80%. In this study we tried to analyze this difference of neurologic dysfunction between On-pump CABG and Off-pump CABG (OPCAB).Methods:This is a case control study done in National Institute of Cardiovascular Disease (NICVD), Dhaka during the period of July 2012 to June 2014. Sixty Patients with Ischemic heart disease were the study population. Group- A includes 30 patients underwent on pump CABG, Group-B 30 patients underwent OPCAB. All the patients of both the groups were followed up to 2 month’s postoperatively to find out any neurological and neurocognitive dysfunctionby observing motor function, sensory function,Mini Mantel state (MMS) Examination, orientation, memory, attention and calculation, recall and language test.Results: Neurocognitive dysfunction in the early postoperative period is significantly different among the groups.Neurocognitive dysfunction was more in Group A in comparison to Group B, On 3rd and 8th POD the MINI Mental Scores were found to be significantly lower in On-pump group than those in Off-pump group (22.0 ± 5.28 vs. 25.67 ± 3.34, p = 0.002 and 25.93 ± 3.11 vs. 26.63 ± 2.50, p = 0.023 respectively).This neurocognitive dysfunction gradually improved by the end of two month postoperative period. Only 6.66% patient in Group-A was found neurocognitically dysfunctional and was referred to neurophysician for further treatment. In case of OPCAB Group, no patient suffered fromneuorocognitive dysfunction.Conclusion: This study has convincingly shown cardio-pulmonary bypass (CPB) has had detrimental effect on neurocognitive function in patients who underwent CABG.Cardiovasc. j. 2018; 10(2): 186-193

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P1832Myocardial injury assessed by T1 mapping after on-pump and off-pump coronary artery bypass grafting. a pre-specified analysis of mass V trial

European Heart Journal ◽

10.1093/eurheartj/ehz748.0584 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 40 (Supplement_1) ◽

Author(s):

A R Dallazen ◽

W Hueb ◽

P C Rezende ◽

G A B Boros ◽

F F Ribas ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Coronary Artery ◽

T1 Mapping ◽

Artery Bypass ◽

Bypass Grafting ◽

Off Pump ◽

Native T1 ◽

Before And After ◽

Group A ◽

Pump Cabg ◽

Group B

Abstract Background Myocardial structural damage may occur during coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) surgery and is identified by the significant release of cardiac biomarkers. However, the evidence of these structural myocardial changes after CABG by current imaging methods remains unknown. To evaluate myocardial structure, we used the T1 mapping of cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) before and after on-pump and off-pump CABG. Methods Patients with multivessel coronary artery disease and preserved ventricular function were included and underwent on or off-pump CABG. CMR and T1 mapping were performed using the MOLLI technique (modified Look-Locker inversion-recovery). Values of native T1 and extracellular volume fraction (ECV) were compared before and after on and off-pump procedures. Results Of 110 eligible patients, 34 were excluded due to the presence of new late enhancement or edema. Of 76 patients remained, 32 (42%) underwent on-pump (Group A) and 44 (58%) off-pump CABG (Group B). All baseline characteristics were similar between groups, besides the Syntax Score that was higher in Group A (25 × 21, p=0.002). For group A, native T1 before and after procedures was 1013 ms (998–1043) and 1004 ms (793–1048), p=0.19, and ECV was 26.4 (23.9–27.6) and 31.2 (27.6–33.9), p<0.001. For group B, native T1 before and after procedures was 1015 ms (970–1044) and 992 ms (867–1051), p=0.003, and ECV 27.5 (25.3–29.9) and 30.3 (26.5–34.3), p=0.02. The comparison of native T1 difference before and after procedures between groups A and B was not significant (Delta T1 −9.8 (−102 to 51.8) × −25.4 (−119 to 51,2), p=0.87. However, the difference of ECV between groups was statistically significant (ECV Delta 3.8 (2.2 to 7.1) × 1.3 (−1.1 to 4.9), p=0.039, respectively, for groups A and B. Figure 1 Conclusion In this sample, T1 mapping identified significant myocardial structural changes in both surgical revascularization procedures. Additionally, a marked myocardial injury generated by ECV changes were observed after on-pump CABG.

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