scholarly journals Reduced feelings of regret and enhanced fronto-striatal connectivity in elders with long-term Tai Chi experience

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (8) ◽  
pp. 861-873
Author(s):  
Zhiyuan Liu ◽  
Lin Li ◽  
Sijia Liu ◽  
Yubin Sun ◽  
Shuang Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Functional Connectivity ◽  
Risk Taking ◽  
Emotional Response ◽  
Tai Chi ◽  
Inner Experience ◽  
Emotional Sensitivity ◽  
Tai Chi Exercise ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Devil

Abstract The current study investigates how long-term Tai Chi experience affects the neural and emotional response to regret in elders. Participants perform the sequential risk-taking task while undergoing functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) scanning. In the task, participants opened a series of boxes consecutively and decided when to stop. Each box contained a reward, except for one which contained a devil. If the devil was revealed, then this served to zero the participant’s gain in that trial. Once stopped, participant’s gains and missed chances were revealed. Behaviorally, the Tai Chi group showed less regret, reduced risk taking, higher levels of nonjudgment of inner experience and less emotional sensitivity to outcome. fMRI results showed that the Tai Chi group demonstrated stronger fronto-striatal functional connectivity in trials with numerous missed chances. The nonjudgment of inner experience mediated the impact of fronto-striatal functional connectivity on Tai Chi practitioners’ emotional sensitivity to outcome. These results highlight that long-term Tai Chi exercise may be effective in alleviating feelings of regret in elders by promoting reduced judgment of inner experience and enhanced emotion regulation through the strengthening of fronto-striatal functional connectivity.

Long-term Tai Chi exercise increases body stability of the elderly during stair ascent under high and low illumination

2017 ◽  
Vol 17 (3) ◽  
pp. 402-413 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qipeng Song ◽  
Shen Wang ◽  
Del P. Wong ◽  
Jingyi Zhou ◽  
Wei Sun ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tai Chi ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Stair Ascent ◽  
Low Illumination ◽  
Tai Chi Exercise

scholarly journals Regulação ineficaz para forçar alongamento: O caso da Previdência Complementar Aberta no Brasil

2019 ◽  
Vol 17 (4) ◽  
pp. 33
Author(s):  
Luiz Guilherme Carpizo ◽  
Márcio Gomes Pinto Garcia
Keyword(s):  
Interest Rate ◽  
Portfolio Management ◽  
Risk Taking ◽  
Causal Effect ◽  
Portfolio Allocation ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Additional Risk ◽  
The Interest Rate ◽  
The Impact

<p>Despite the fall in the interest rate observed in Brazil in recent decades, and specific regulations on the private pension segment that encourage long-term risk taking, institutions in this segment appear to be considerably sensitive to short-term factors, while avoiding exposure to long-term risk factors. With portfolio allocation data from large entities, we implemented a VAR model to evaluate the impact of interest rate changes on portfolio management decisions and performed a counterfactual analysis to define the causal effect of regulation on additional risk taking. Results indicate that interest rate increases lead to significant and persistent reduction of investment in riskier assets with longer maturities, while the implemented regulation was not able to force greater risk-taking by institutions, in addition to generating distortions in segments of the Brazilian financial market.</p>

scholarly journals Differential Effects of Tai Chi Chuan (Motor-Cognitive Training) and Walking on Brain Networks: A Resting-State fMRI Study in Chinese Women Aged 60

Healthcare ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 67 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chunlin Yue ◽  
Yanjie Zhang ◽  
Mei Jian ◽  
Fabian Herold ◽  
Qian Yu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Functional Connectivity ◽  
Physical Exercise ◽  
Older Women ◽  
Resting State ◽  
Tai Chi ◽  
Resting State Functional Connectivity ◽  
Tai Chi Chuan ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Walking Group

Background: This cross-sectional study aimed to investigate whether a long-term engagement in different types of physical exercise may influence resting-state brain networks differentially. In particular, we studied if there were differences in resting-state functional connectivity measures when comparing older women who are long-term practitioners of tai chi chuan or walking. Method: We recruited 20 older women who regularly practiced tai chi chuan (TCC group), and 22 older women who walked regularly (walking group). Both the TCC group and the walking group underwent a resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (rs-fMRI) scan. The acquired rs-fMRI data of all participants were analyzed using independent component analysis. Age and years of education were added as co-variables. Results: There were significant differences in default network, sensory-motor network, and visual network of rs-fMRI between the TCC group and walking group (p < 0.05). Conclusions: The findings of the current study suggested that long-term practice of different types of physical exercises (TCC vs. walking) influenced brain functional networks and brain functional plasticity of elderly women differentially. Our findings encourage further research to investigate whether those differences in resting-state functional connectivity as a function of the type of physical exercise have implications for the prevention of neurological diseases.

scholarly journals Long-term consequences of childhood maltreatment: Altered amygdala functional connectivity

2015 ◽  
Vol 27 (4pt2) ◽  
pp. 1577-1589 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kelly Jedd ◽  
Ruskin H. Hunt ◽  
Dante Cicchetti ◽  
Emily Hunt ◽  
Raquel A. Cowell ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Prefrontal Cortex ◽  
Functional Connectivity ◽  
Childhood Maltreatment ◽  
Brain Regions ◽  
Healthy Development ◽  
Early Stress ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship

AbstractChildhood maltreatment is a serious individual, familial, and societal threat that compromises healthy development and is associated with lasting alterations to emotion perception, processing, and regulation (Cicchetti & Curtis, 2005; Pollak, Cicchetti, Hornung, & Reed, 2000; Pollak & Tolley-Schell, 2003). Individuals with a history of maltreatment show altered structural and functional brain development in both frontal and limbic structures (Hart & Rubia, 2012). In particular, previous research has identified hyperactive amygdala responsivity associated with childhood maltreatment (e.g., Dannlowski et al., 2012). However, less is known about the impact of maltreatment on the relationship between the amygdala and other brain regions. The present study employed an emotion processing functional magnetic resonance imaging task to examine task-based activation and functional connectivity in adults who experienced maltreatment as children. The sample included adults with a history of substantiated childhood maltreatment (n = 33) and comparison adults (n = 38) who were well matched on demographic variables, all of whom have been studied prospectively since childhood. The maltreated group exhibited greater activation than comparison participants in the prefrontal cortex and basal ganglia. In addition, maltreated adults showed increased amygdala connectivity with the hippocampus and prefrontal cortex. The results suggest that the intense early stress of childhood maltreatment is associated with lasting alterations to frontolimbic circuitry.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document