The Impact of Work and Family Life Histories on Economic Well-Being at Older Ages

The societal changes caused by COVID-19 have been far-reaching, causing challenges for employees around the world. The aim of this study was to assess the effect of the COVID-19 restrictions on mental well-being, working life, family life and social life among Faroese employees within a broad range of professions. A total of 1328 Faroese employees answered an anonymous self-report survey from 13 April to 4 May 2020. Employee mental well-being was only modestly affected by the restrictions and the respondents had a mean score of 50.7 on the Warwick–Edinburgh Mental Wellbeing Scale where a score between 41–44 is found to correspond with possible depression. Work commitment, work and family life, work satisfaction and work ability were all rated significantly worse after the COVID-19 outbreak than before (all p values < 0.005). Contrary to previous research, employees in health services assessed their work ability significantly higher than employees in teaching, and child and youth care (p < 0.05). Working parents had higher levels of stress and assessed their work ability significantly lower than employees without children (p < 0.05), and women tended to be more worried than men because of the pandemic. In conclusion, the overall mental well-being of Faroese employees was on an average level during lock-down in April and May 2020. Their working life seemed, however, to be worse than usual.

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Staff's psychological health in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic: a review of foreign studies

Організаційна психологія Економічна психологія ◽

10.31108/2.2021.1.22.8 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 1 (22) ◽

pp. 69-78

Author(s):

Liudmyla Karamushka ◽

Keyword(s):

Psychological Health ◽

Family Life ◽

Negative Impact ◽

Well Being ◽

Work And Family ◽

Management Styles ◽

Social Tension ◽

Innovative Management ◽

Social Tensions ◽

The Impact

Introduction. The COVID-19-pandemic social tensions have caused a number of problems in staffʼs psychological health. The study of foreign experience and analysis of relevant foreign publications will allow generalizing diagnostic and developmental approaches to the study of organization staff's psychological health and its promotion. Aim. On the basis of the analysis of foreign sources, to define the basic directions of research into staff's psychological health in the conditions of social tension caused by the COVID-19 pandemic. Results. As a result of the analysis of works of foreign authors, the author has determined the following main directions of research on staff's psychological health in the conditions of social tension caused by the COVID-19 pandemic: 1) managers' use of innovative management styles and their role in reducing social tension in organizations; 2) activities of remote teams during the COVID-19 pandemic and their role in maintaining staff's psychological health; 3) the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the level of stress among staff and the development of staff resilience; 4) the development of social resilience thinking in times of crisis as a prerequisite of organizations' resilience; 5) ensuring staff's well-being and satisfaction with work and family life during the COVID-19 pandemic; 6) the impact of work tensions caused by the pandemic COVID-19 on staff's conflict-coping creative efforts. Conclusions. Based on the analysis of foreign studies, the author has found a certain negative impact of social tensions caused by the COVID-19 pandemic on staff's psychological health in organizations. This problem can be solved using new approaches in the activities of organizations (use of innovative management styles; organization of effective work of remote teams using digital technologies; development of staff and organization's resilience; remote-work-and-family-life balance; intensification of creative efforts to overcome tension in work and reduce conflict interaction, etc.).

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PATHWAYS TO A GOOD LIFE? MULTIPLE SOCIAL ROLES IN ADULTHOOD AND MENTAL WELL-BEING IN LATER LIFE IN EUROPE

Innovation in Aging ◽

10.1093/geroni/igz038.3339 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 3 (Supplement_1) ◽

pp. S916-S916

Author(s):

Christian Deindl ◽

Miriam Engels

Keyword(s):

Mental Health ◽

Life Course ◽

Family Life ◽

Role Strain ◽

Later Life ◽

Well Being ◽

Work And Family ◽

Life Course Perspective ◽

Indirect Impact ◽

The Impact

Abstract The connection between employment, family life and health is well documented. Job demands and family obligations are divergent responsibilities and can be a constant source of conflict. The resulting role strain can have a long lasting impact on mental health. Using data from SHARE and ELSA, we take a life course perspective and look at patterns of employment history from the age of 25 to 40 combined with partnership and fertility history of 17,189 men and 23,266 women in 22 European countries. Sequence analysis combined with cluster analysis shows a clear picture of five dominant states in our sample: Stable work and family, stable work without family, working single parent, working childless couples, and being non employed. This pattern is similar for men and women. We use path models to distinguish the impact of childhood conditions on such life course patterns and the direct and indirect impact of employment and family life on mental health. Women who did not combine work and family roles, (work without family, family without work) reported higher levels of depression in comparison with women who combined work and family. Non-working women and single mothers also experienced indirect effects on depression through their economic situation. Unemployed men or men without family reported higher levels of depression. Unemployment and being a single father also have an indirect impact on depression via economic conditions and health. Moreover, such results also differ between countries, with lower employment rates reducing role strain for women, but not so for men.

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A Study on the Impact of Family-friendly Certification on Financial Performance of SMEs: Focusing on the Manufacturing Industry

Restaurant Business ◽

10.26643/rb.v118i2.7259 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 118 (2) ◽

pp. 7-12

Author(s):

Ok-Hee Park ◽

Kwan-sik Na ◽

Seok-Kee Lee

Keyword(s):

Financial Performance ◽

Family Life ◽

Manufacturing Industry ◽

Work And Family ◽

Family Friendly ◽

The Future ◽

The Impact

Background/Objectives: The purpose of the paper is to examine how family-friendly certificates introduced to pursue the compatibility of work and family life affect the financial performance of small and medium-sized manufacturers, and to provide useful information to companies considering the introduction of this system in the future.

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Food Expenditures and Economic Well-Being in Early Modern England

The Journal of Economic History ◽

10.1017/s0022050700029041 ◽

1983 ◽

Vol 43 (1) ◽

pp. 89-100 ◽

Cited By ~ 24

Author(s):

Carole Shammas

Keyword(s):

Early Modern ◽

Well Being ◽

Early Modern England ◽

Total Expenditure ◽

Important Measure ◽

Food Expenditures ◽

Dietary Shifts ◽

Food And Drink ◽

The Impact ◽

Economic Well Being

The proportion of a household's budget spent on diet has commonly served as an important measure of material welfare. This paper pulls together data concerning trends in food expenditures for early modern England and draws comparisons with figures for later periods. The usefulness of wage assessments, a new source for estimating the proportion of outlays devoted to diet, is examined. The impact on food expenditures of new commodities and other dietary shifts is also explored. The findings call into question earlier estimates of the proportion of total expenditure devoted to food and drink in the pre-industrial period and the assumption that food expenditures are always inelastic.

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Did We Lose the War on Poverty?

The Journal of Economic Perspectives ◽

10.1257/jep.12.1.79 ◽

1998 ◽

Vol 12 (1) ◽

pp. 79-96 ◽

Cited By ~ 36

Author(s):

Dale W Jorgenson

Keyword(s):

Household Income ◽

Well Being ◽

War On Poverty ◽

Support Programs ◽

Accurate Assessment ◽

Income Support ◽

Poverty Level ◽

The Impact ◽

The U.S ◽

Economic Well Being

Official U.S. poverty statistics based on household income imply that the proportion of the U.S. population below the poverty level reached a minimum in 1973, giving rise to the widespread impression that the elimination of poverty is impossible. By contrast, poverty estimates based on household consumption have fallen through 1989 and imply that the war on poverty was a success. This paper recommends replacing income by consumption in official estimates of poverty in order to obtain a more accurate assessment of the impact of income support programs and economic growth on the level and distribution of economic well-being among households.

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Examining the Impact of Family Planning on Fertility, Maternal and Child Health, and Economic Well-Being: Evidence from a Field Experiment in Urban Malawi

AEA Randomized Controlled Trials ◽

10.1257/rct.697-7.0 ◽

2015 ◽

Author(s):

Mahesh Karra

Keyword(s):

Family Planning ◽

Child Health ◽

Field Experiment ◽

Maternal And Child Health ◽

Well Being ◽

The Impact ◽

And Child Health ◽

Economic Well Being

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Farmers’ Participation in Agritourism: Does It Affect the Bottom Line?

Agricultural and Resource Economics Review ◽

10.1017/s1068280500004949 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 42 (3) ◽

pp. 471-490 ◽

Cited By ~ 16

Author(s):

Hyunjeong Joo ◽

Aditya R. Khanal ◽

Ashok K. Mishra

Keyword(s):

Well Being ◽

Farm Income ◽

Small Scale ◽

Bottom Line ◽

Alternative Source ◽

Large Farm ◽

Household Incomes ◽

On Farm ◽

The Impact ◽

Economic Well Being

Agritourism is an alternative source of farm income. We examine farmers’ participation in agritourism activities to assess the impact of participation on farm household income and return to assets using a large farm-level survey. The results reveal that older, educated, and female operators are more likely to participate in agritourism. However, government subsidies and the population of the county are negatively correlated with agritourism. Of the types of farm operations examined, small-scale farms that involved agritourism generated the greatest household incomes and returns to assets. For operators of small farms, agritourism can boost the economic well-being of farm households.

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