scholarly journals PATHWAYS TO A GOOD LIFE? MULTIPLE SOCIAL ROLES IN ADULTHOOD AND MENTAL WELL-BEING IN LATER LIFE IN EUROPE

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. S916-S916
Author(s):  
Christian Deindl ◽  
Miriam Engels
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Life Course ◽  
Family Life ◽  
Role Strain ◽  
Later Life ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Work And Family ◽  
Life Course Perspective ◽  
Indirect Impact ◽  
The Impact

Abstract The connection between employment, family life and health is well documented. Job demands and family obligations are divergent responsibilities and can be a constant source of conflict. The resulting role strain can have a long lasting impact on mental health. Using data from SHARE and ELSA, we take a life course perspective and look at patterns of employment history from the age of 25 to 40 combined with partnership and fertility history of 17,189 men and 23,266 women in 22 European countries. Sequence analysis combined with cluster analysis shows a clear picture of five dominant states in our sample: Stable work and family, stable work without family, working single parent, working childless couples, and being non employed. This pattern is similar for men and women. We use path models to distinguish the impact of childhood conditions on such life course patterns and the direct and indirect impact of employment and family life on mental health. Women who did not combine work and family roles, (work without family, family without work) reported higher levels of depression in comparison with women who combined work and family. Non-working women and single mothers also experienced indirect effects on depression through their economic situation. Unemployed men or men without family reported higher levels of depression. Unemployment and being a single father also have an indirect impact on depression via economic conditions and health. Moreover, such results also differ between countries, with lower employment rates reducing role strain for women, but not so for men.

Well-being in later life: a life course perspective

2020 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Pattharanitcha Prakitsuwan ◽  
George P. Moschis
Keyword(s):  
Life Course ◽  
Service Providers ◽  
Later Life ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Consumer Welfare ◽  
Life Course Perspective ◽  
Service Research ◽  
Content Type ◽  
The Impact

Purpose This study aims to illustrate the viability of the life course paradigm (LCP), which is increasingly used by social and behavioral scientists to study a wide variety of phenomena, as a framework for studying the transformational role of service consumption in improving consumer well-being in later life. Design/methodology/approach The LCP is used to develop a life course model for studying the effects of service consumption on older people’s well-being. Previous research related to the consumption of specific types of services (financial and healthcare) is integrated within the multi-theoretical LCP to suggest relevant model variables and derive a set of propositions for illustrating the effects of service consumption on older adults’ well-being. Findings The research presented in this study shows how efforts to study the effects of service consumption on older people’s well-being can be improved by using the LCP, helps understand the onset and changes in service consumption patterns and illustrates an innovative way to study the role of services in promoting older consumer welfare. Originality/value By applying the principles and theoretical perspectives of the LCP, this study contributes to recent transformative service research efforts to better understand the impact of service consumption on people’s lives and the transformational role of services and service providers in improving consumer and societal welfare.

scholarly journals CONTINUITY OF CAREER OVER THE LIFE COURSE ON LIFE SATISFACTION AND DEPRESSIVE SYMPTOMS IN LATER LIFE

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. S128-S129
Author(s):  
Melanie S Hill ◽  
James E Hill ◽  
Stephanie Richardson ◽  
Jessica Brown ◽  
Jeremy B Yorgason ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High School ◽  
Life Satisfaction ◽  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Life Course ◽  
Career Choice ◽  
Early Adulthood ◽  
Later Life ◽  
Well Being ◽  
The Life Course ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Identity scholars have suggested that having a unified sense of past, present, and future is related to positive well-being outcomes (Whitbourne, Sneed & Skultety, 2009). One’s occupation can have a profound influence on an individual’s identity throughout the life course (Nazar & van der Heijden, 2012). Research has looked at career mobility among younger age groups (Baiyun, Ramkissoon, Greenwood, & Hoyte, 2018); however, less is known about the impact of career stability later in life. Consistency in career choice over the life course may have positive outcomes down the line as career becomes part of an individual's identity. The current study uses the Life and Family Legacies dataset, a longitudinal state-representative sample of 3,348, to examine individual’s careers at three points in the life course: high school (projected career choice), early adulthood, and later life. Results revealed that a match of desired career in high school and actual career in early adulthood was not predictive of life satisfaction or depressive symptoms in later life. However, a match of career in early adulthood and later life was significantly related to better life satisfaction and less depressive symptoms, which was explained through higher levels of job satisfaction. This study highlights the importance of acquiring and maintaining a career that is fulfilling to the individual over the course of early adulthood to later life.

scholarly journals Marital Strain and Support and Subjective Well-Being in Later Life: Ascribing a Role to Early-Life Conditions

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. 407-407
Author(s):  
Laura Upenieks ◽  
Yingling Liu
Keyword(s):  
Life Course ◽  
Process Model ◽  
Later Life ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Life Course Perspective ◽  
Subjective Well Being ◽  
Marital Support ◽  
Lagged Dependent Variable ◽  
The Life Course ◽  
Marital Strain

Abstract Decades of research have the beneficial effects of marital support and the detrimental consequences of marital strain on health and well-being. However, we know relatively less about how circumstances in childhood—a key developmental period of the life course—influence the relational structure in which later life is embedded and any implications this may hold for well-being. We integrate the life course perspective with the stress process model to offer a framework for how childhood conditions (childhood happiness, family structure, and financial strain) moderate the relationship between marital support/strain and subjective well-being in older adulthood in potentially different ways for men and women. The consequences of marital strain may be more severe and the benefits of marital support may not be as strongly felt for those adults who experienced greater adversity during childhood. Drawing on longitudinal data from Waves 2 (2010-2011) and 3 (2015-2016) of the NSHAP project (N = 1,376), results from lagged dependent variable models suggest that marital support buffers the effect of not living with both parents in childhood on subjective well-being for men. Meanwhile, women raised in families that experienced financial hardship reported lower subjective well-being in the context of marital strain in later life. No significant interaction effects were obtained for childhood happiness. Taken together, our findings suggest that adverse experiences in childhood can be scarring, particularly in the context of strained intimate relationships. However, a supportive marriage can, in some cases, offset the effects of childhood hardship on subjective well-being in later life.

scholarly journals Retirement Financial Insecurity for Men and Women in Canada: The Impact of Life Course Work and Income Instability

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. 463-463
Author(s):  
Miles Taylor ◽  
Dawn Carr ◽  
Amelie Quesnel-Vallee
Keyword(s):  
Life Course ◽  
Public Support ◽  
Later Life ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Financial Security ◽  
Retirement Benefits ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Course Work ◽  
Personal Savings ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Financial security is critical to overall well-being in retirement. Life course disruptions in work due to unemployment or disability may have lasting impacts on financial security in later life, and these effects may or may not be ameliorated by old age security programs and retirement benefits. Women are known to be particularly vulnerable for financial hardship in later life, making their life course experiences especially important in understanding financial well-being in retirement. We examine the Canadian Longitudinal and International Study of Adults (LISA) to assess later life financial insecurity in retirement, including 20 years of data on labor force experiences across adulthood drawn from linked tax records (N=2,353; N=1,079 men and N=1,274 women). The Canadian context is a useful complement to studies in the US due to its diverse and relatively generous public support programs, in addition to personal savings options for retirement. We find that among men, financial insecurity is tied to years reporting unemployment, where for women this outcome is more strongly linked to reports of disability and income assistance across adulthood. Although public and private retirement benefits do not offset these associations for either gender, receipt of income supplements reduce subjective financial insecurity among women. Among men, personal savings have the most robust effect in reducing financial insecurity. Our results suggest that in Canada, with its relatively generous provision of retirement support, life course work and health instability have lasting but differential effects for men and women in retirement.

scholarly journals The Impact of Life Course Employment and Domestic Duties on the Well-Being of Retired Women and the Social Protection Systems That Frame This

2018 ◽  
Vol 32 (5-6) ◽  
pp. 285-295 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sara Zella ◽  
Sarah Harper
Keyword(s):  
Life Course ◽  
Women’S Health ◽  
Women's Health ◽  
Social Protection ◽  
Positive Association ◽  
Later Life ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Welfare States ◽  
The Life Course ◽  
The Impact

Objectives: The article addresses whether specific combinations of employment and domestic duties over the life course are associated with variations in women’s health at the time of retirement. It also explores the differences of this relationship in four European welfare states. Method: Women from three waves of SHARE (Survey of Health, Aging and Retirement in Europe) are grouped using sequence analysis. Using logistic regression models, group differences in later life depression and self-reported health are tested. Predicted probabilities are applied to analyze welfares’ differences. Results: The findings confirm that a combination of employment and domestic duties across the life course has a positive association with later life health. Being outside the labor market is detrimental for women’s health. Well-being across the life course is framed by the welfare context in which women live. Discussion: We suggest that further research is needed to explore the mechanisms linking work and care trajectories to poor health and enable appropriate interventions.

scholarly journals Timing and Support Matter: Caregiving Demands at the Intersection of Stress Process and Life Course Perspectives

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. 105-106
Author(s):  
Yeonjung Lee ◽  
Alex Bierman ◽  
Margaret Penning
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Social Support ◽  
Life Satisfaction ◽  
Life Course ◽  
Family Caregiving ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Life Course Perspective ◽  
Stress Process ◽  
As Stress ◽  
High Level

Abstract Extensive research documents the outcomes of family caregiving. However, perspectives differ, with some suggesting that caregiving provides psychological rewards and others suggesting that the stress of caregiving carries psychological costs. We argue that both of these perspectives are correct, but their applicability will differ based on the timing of caregiving and the availability of social support. A life course perspective suggests that the timing of a stressor in the life course will create variations in its mental health impacts, whereas a stress process perspective suggests that the consequences of a given stressor for mental health will vary based on the availability of social support. A synthesis of these two perspectives then suggests that social support will act as stress buffer differently depending on the age of caregiver. To examine these questions, we use a subsample of respondents who reported caregiving (N=20,441) in the 1st wave of the Canadian Longitudinal Study on Aging. Analyses provide evidence of different outcomes of caregiving, according to both the timing of caregiving and the availability of support. In particular, a high level of caregiving demands are associated with greater depression and lower life satisfaction. Social support inhibits both associations, and the association between high demands and life satisfaction is stronger in older caregivers. Social support does not buffer high caregiving demands more strongly at older ages, though, showing two distinct process. Demanding caregiving appears particularly detrimental for psychological well-being as people age, and the efficacy of social support resources do not increase to compensate.

scholarly journals The Impact of COVID-19 Restrictions on Mental Well-Being and Working Life among Faroese Employees

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (9) ◽  
pp. 4775
Author(s):  
Annika H. Davidsen ◽  
Maria S. Petersen
Keyword(s):  
Work Ability ◽  
Family Life ◽  
Social Life ◽  
Working Life ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Work And Family ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Mental Wellbeing ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Mental Well Being

The societal changes caused by COVID-19 have been far-reaching, causing challenges for employees around the world. The aim of this study was to assess the effect of the COVID-19 restrictions on mental well-being, working life, family life and social life among Faroese employees within a broad range of professions. A total of 1328 Faroese employees answered an anonymous self-report survey from 13 April to 4 May 2020. Employee mental well-being was only modestly affected by the restrictions and the respondents had a mean score of 50.7 on the Warwick–Edinburgh Mental Wellbeing Scale where a score between 41–44 is found to correspond with possible depression. Work commitment, work and family life, work satisfaction and work ability were all rated significantly worse after the COVID-19 outbreak than before (all p values < 0.005). Contrary to previous research, employees in health services assessed their work ability significantly higher than employees in teaching, and child and youth care (p < 0.05). Working parents had higher levels of stress and assessed their work ability significantly lower than employees without children (p < 0.05), and women tended to be more worried than men because of the pandemic. In conclusion, the overall mental well-being of Faroese employees was on an average level during lock-down in April and May 2020. Their working life seemed, however, to be worse than usual.

scholarly journals The impact of life course exposures to neighbourhood deprivation on health and well-being: a review of the long-term neighbourhood effects literature

2019 ◽  
Vol 30 (5) ◽  
pp. 922-928 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephen Jivraj ◽  
Emily T Murray ◽  
Paul Norman ◽  
Owen Nicholas
Keyword(s):  
Life Course ◽  
Panel Study ◽  
Later Life ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Data Availability ◽  
Health Improvement ◽  
Neighbourhood Effects ◽  
Neighbourhood Deprivation ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Health And Well Being

Abstract Background In this review article, we detail a small but growing literature in the field of health geography that uses longitudinal data to determine a life course component to the neighbourhood effects thesis. For too long, there has been reliance on cross-sectional data to test the hypothesis that where you live has an effect on your health and well-being over and above your individual circumstances. Methods We identified 53 articles that demonstrate how neighbourhood deprivation measured at least 15 years prior affects health and well-being later in life using the databases Scopus and Web of Science. Results We find a bias towards US studies, the most common being the Panel Study of Income Dynamics. Definition of neighbourhood and operationalization of neighbourhood deprivation across most of the included articles relied on data availability rather than a priori hypothesis. Conclusions To further progress neighbourhood effects research, we suggest that more data linkage to longitudinal datasets is required beyond the narrow list identified in this review. The limited literature published to date suggests an accumulation of exposure to neighbourhood deprivation over the life course is damaging to later life health, which indicates improving neighbourhoods as early in life as possible would have the greatest public health improvement.

scholarly journals Staff's psychological health in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic: a review of foreign studies

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (22) ◽  
pp. 69-78
Author(s):  
Liudmyla Karamushka ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Psychological Health ◽  
Family Life ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Work And Family ◽  
Management Styles ◽  
Social Tension ◽  
Innovative Management ◽  
Social Tensions ◽  
The Impact

Introduction. The COVID-19-pandemic social tensions have caused a number of problems in staffʼs psychological health. The study of foreign experience and analysis of relevant foreign publications will allow generalizing diagnostic and developmental approaches to the study of organization staff's psychological health and its promotion. Aim. On the basis of the analysis of foreign sources, to define the basic directions of research into staff's psychological health in the conditions of social tension caused by the COVID-19 pandemic. Results. As a result of the analysis of works of foreign authors, the author has determined the following main directions of research on staff's psychological health in the conditions of social tension caused by the COVID-19 pandemic: 1) managers' use of innovative management styles and their role in reducing social tension in organizations; 2) activities of remote teams during the COVID-19 pandemic and their role in maintaining staff's psychological health; 3) the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the level of stress among staff and the development of staff resilience; 4) the development of social resilience thinking in times of crisis as a prerequisite of organizations' resilience; 5) ensuring staff's well-being and satisfaction with work and family life during the COVID-19 pandemic; 6) the impact of work tensions caused by the pandemic COVID-19 on staff's conflict-coping creative efforts. Conclusions. Based on the analysis of foreign studies, the author has found a certain negative impact of social tensions caused by the COVID-19 pandemic on staff's psychological health in organizations. This problem can be solved using new approaches in the activities of organizations (use of innovative management styles; organization of effective work of remote teams using digital technologies; development of staff and organization's resilience; remote-work-and-family-life balance; intensification of creative efforts to overcome tension in work and reduce conflict interaction, etc.).

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