scholarly journals 0234 Sleep Timing and Duration Predict Levels of Repetitive Negative Thinking the Following Day

SLEEP ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 43 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. A90-A90
Author(s):  
E Stewart ◽  
C Acenowr ◽  
M Coles
Keyword(s):  
Negative Affect ◽  
Sleep Duration ◽  
Hierarchical Linear Modeling ◽  
Linear Modeling ◽  
Repetitive Negative Thinking ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Daily Monitoring ◽  
Negative Thinking ◽  
Sleep Timing ◽  
Prospective Longitudinal

Abstract Introduction Several forms of psychopathology characterized by repetitive negative thinking (RNT) are also associated with problems in sleep timing and sleep duration (Morin & Ware, 1996). These relations have been documented in cross-sectional studies but only a few studies have investigated this relation using a prospective design. This study aimed to: (1) replicate cross-sectional findings linking sleep duration and sleep timing to RNT and (2) use prospective longitudinal methods to extend previous research regarding this relation. Methods Participants (N = 127) were undergraduates who completed daily measures of sleep, mood, and RNT for 18 days. Participants mean age was 19.31(SD = 1.41) and 49% were male, and 60% were Caucasian. Measures included the Perseverative Thoughts Questionnaire, the Sleep-50, and a Daily Monitoring Questionnaire (DMQ) comprised of items from the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index. Results Insomnia severity and circadian disruption severity was correlated with RNT, and these relations remained significant after statistically controlling for the influence of negative affect (Insomnia: r(123)=.22, p=.01; Circadian: r(123)=.21, p=.02). When looking longitudinally within person Hierarchical Linear Modeling (HLM) revealed later bedtimes (t(125) = 2.01, p = .05) and shorter sleep durations (t(125) = -3.17, p = .002) were predictors of heightened RNT the next day, even after statistically controlling for negative affect (RNTij=π oj+π 1j(RNT_lag) + π 2j(bedtime_lag/hours slept_lag) + π 3j(mood_lag) + eij). RNT did not predict sleep variables when running the reverse of these models, yet negative affect emerged as a significant predictor of sleep timing (t(125) = 2.41, p = .02) and sleep duration (t(125)= -2.44, p=.02), indicating that mood, not RNT, may influence bedtimes and hours slept. Conclusion Results indicate that bedtime and sleep duration may be contributors to RNT, and that sleep disruptions may precede the onset of RNT. If future studies replicate the current study’s findings, then sleep variables may serve as an important area of intervention and prevention of excessive RNT. Support N/A

scholarly journals Are Different Forms of Repetitive Negative Thinking Associated With Interpretation Bias in Generalized Anxiety Disorder and Depression?

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (5) ◽  
pp. 969-981 ◽  
Author(s):  
Charlotte Krahé ◽  
Jessica Whyte ◽  
Livia Bridge ◽  
Sofia Loizou ◽  
Colette R. Hirsch
Keyword(s):  
Anxiety Disorder ◽  
Generalized Anxiety Disorder ◽  
Cognitive Processing ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Interpretation Bias ◽  
Generalized Anxiety ◽  
Repetitive Negative Thinking ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Negative Thinking ◽  
Negative Thought

Worry and rumination, two forms of repetitive negative thinking (RNT), are prevalent in generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) and depression. Cognitive processing biases, especially the tendency to draw negative conclusions from ambiguous information (interpretation bias), may maintain worry and rumination. Yet the relationship between interpretation bias and both forms of RNT has not been explored in clinical versus nonclinical samples. In this cross-sectional study, participants with GAD ( n = 72), depression ( n = 79), or neither disorder ( n = 71) completed two tasks assessing interpretation bias, measures of worry and rumination, and reported negative thought intrusions during a behavioral task. Interpretation bias was associated with higher levels of worry, rumination, and negative thought intrusions. Both clinical groups generated significantly more negative interpretations than healthy comparison participants. These findings link interpretation bias to worry and rumination and establish the need for research investigating the causal role of interpretation bias in maintaining RNT.

Women With Generalized Anxiety Disorder Show Increased Repetitive Negative Thinking During the Luteal Phase of the Menstrual Cycle

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (6) ◽  
pp. 1037-1045
Author(s):  
Sophie H. Li ◽  
Thomas F. Denson ◽  
Bronwyn M. Graham
Keyword(s):  
Anxiety Disorder ◽  
Menstrual Cycle ◽  
Negative Affect ◽  
Generalized Anxiety Disorder ◽  
Cognitive Processes ◽  
Luteal Phase ◽  
Anxiety Symptoms ◽  
Generalized Anxiety ◽  
Repetitive Negative Thinking ◽  
Negative Thinking

Repetitive negative thinking (RNT) is a transdiagnostic feature of psychiatric disorders. Women report greater RNT than do men, yet the association between uniquely female characteristics, such as fluctuating sex hormones during the menstrual cycle, and RNT has not been established. Here we examined changes in RNT and anxiety symptoms across the menstrual cycle in women with ( n = 40) and without ( n = 41) generalized anxiety disorder (GAD). Women with GAD reported an increase in RNT and negative affect from the follicular phase to the luteal phase; unexpectedly, this was not associated with changes in anxiety symptoms, estradiol, or progesterone. Nonanxious women reported no changes in RNT or anxiety symptoms over the menstrual cycle, but higher within-participants progesterone was associated with reduced RNT and negative affect. These results indicate that uniquely female biological processes may influence core cognitive processes that underlie anxiety disorders, but further investigations to determine the implications for symptom severity are required.

scholarly journals A multilevel analysis of the effects of indoor activities on psychological wellbeing during COVID-19 pandemic

2021 ◽  
Vol 37 (3) ◽  
pp. 500-507
Author(s):  
Mehmet Çetin ◽  
Özgür Kökalan
Keyword(s):  
Negative Affect ◽  
Hierarchical Linear Modeling ◽  
Variance Components ◽  
Subjective Wellbeing ◽  
Demographic Variables ◽  
Linear Modeling ◽  
Dynamic Nature ◽  
Digital Gaming ◽  
Multilevel Approach ◽  
Level Data

El estudio tiene como objetivo analizar los efectos de las actividades en interiores tales como el ejercicio físico, la socialización digital y los juegos digitales, en los niveles de bienestar subjetivo de las personas. Dada la naturaleza dinámica de la pandemia para capturar el nivel diario dentro de la varianza individual, el estudio adapta un enfoque multinivel donde los días se anidan en personas. Se recopilan 1950 datos diarios a partir de 390 encuestados durante 5 días consecutivos durante la primera fase de la pandemia (cuando había políticas estrictas de aislamiento social) en Turquía. Los resultados de la partición de los componentes de la varianza respaldaron la necesidad de utilizar un enfoque multinivel. Los resultados del análisis realizado a través de modelos lineales jerárquicos demostraron que la actividad física a nivel diurno en el hogar y la socialización digital alivian significativamente el afecto negativo diario y se asocia positivamente con el nivel diario de afecto positivo y los niveles de felicidad de los encuestados. Estos resultados fueron controlados por variables demográficas, extraversión y resiliencia psicológica. La extraversión fue negativa y la resiliencia psicológica se relacionó positivamente con el nivel diario de afecto negativo. Study aims to analyze the effects of indoor activities such as physical exercise, digital socializing and digital gaming on subjective wellbeing levels of individuals. Given the dynamic nature of the pandemic in order to catch the day level within individual variance (along with between individuals variance) study adapts a multilevel approach where days are nested in people. 1950 day level data are collected from 390 respondent for 5 consecutive days during the first phase of pandemic (when there were strict social isolation policies) in Turkey. Results for partitioning variance components supported the necessity for using a multilevel approach. Findings of analysis conducted though hierarchical linear modeling demonstrated that day level physical activity at home and digital socializing significantly alleviate daily negative affect and positively associates with day level positive affect and happiness levels of respondents. These results were controlled for demographic variables, extraversion and psychological resiliency. Extraversion was negatively and psychological resiliency was positively related to day level negative affect.

scholarly journals Repetitive Negative Thinking is associated with Subjective Cognitive Decline in older adults: a cross-sectional study

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marco Schlosser ◽  
Harriet Demnitz-King ◽  
Tim Whitfield ◽  
Miranka Wirth ◽  
Natalie L. Marchant
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Cognitive Function ◽  
Cognitive Decline ◽  
Subjective Cognitive Decline ◽  
Repetitive Negative Thinking ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Negative Thinking ◽  
Memory Complaints ◽  
Dementia Risk ◽  
Perceived Cognitive Function

Abstract Background: In the absence of a cure or effective treatment for dementia, attention has shifted towards identifying risk factors for prevention. Subjective Cognitive Decline (SCD) describes self-perceived worsening of cognition despite unimpaired performance on neuropsychological tests. SCD has been associated with an increased dementia risk and steeper memory decline. Repetitive negative thinking (RNT) is a transdiagnostic process that manifests across several mental health disorders associated with increased vulnerability to dementia. RNT has thus been proposed as a candidate marker of risk for dementia and, relatedly, could contribute to the manifestation of SCD. We aimed to investigate the relationship between SCD and RNT alongside other proposed psychological risk/protective factors for dementia and cognitive decline. Methods: In a cross-sectional online survey, 491 older adults (mean=64.9 years, SD=4.2; 63.1% female) completed measures of RNT, personality traits, purpose in life, worry, rumination, and meditation practice. SCD was assessed continuously via self-perceived cognitive function (Neuro-QoL) and categorically via endorsement (yes/no) of memory complaints. Regression models, using a stepwise backwards elimination, were built to assess associations between SCD, demographics, and all risk/protective factors.Results: A total of 24.2% of participants reported memory complaints. In the final prediction models, RNT was the only psychological variable associated with lower self-perceived cognitive function and with a higher likelihood of memory complaints. Conclusions: This study empirically corroborates the theoretical relationship between SCD and RNT. Longitudinal studies are needed to establish whether RNT is a prodromal symptom or an independent risk factor, and whether RNT can be a promising construct for future research on SCD and dementia risk.

scholarly journals Repetitive negative thinking about suicide: Associations with lifetime suicide attempts

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Tobias Teismann ◽  
Thomas Forkmann ◽  
Johannes Michalak ◽  
Julia Brailovskaia
Keyword(s):  
Suicide Attempt ◽  
Suicidal Behavior ◽  
Suicide Ideation ◽  
Suicide Attempts ◽  
Clinical Sample ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Repetitive Negative Thinking ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Suicide Attempters ◽  
Negative Thinking

Background Repetitive negative thinking has been identified as an important predictor of suicide ideation and suicidal behavior. Yet, only few studies have investigated the effect of suicide-specific rumination, i.e., repetitive thinking about death and/or suicide on suicide attempt history. On this background, the present study investigated, whether suicide-specific rumination differentiates between suicide attempters and suicide ideators, is predictive of suicide attempt history and mediates the association between suicide ideation and suicide attempts. Method A total of 257 participants with a history of suicide ideation (55.6% female; Age M = 30.56, Age SD = 11.23, range: 18–73 years) completed online measures on suicidality, general and suicide-specific rumination. Results Suicide-specific rumination differentiated suicide attempters from suicide ideators, predicted suicide attempt status (above age, gender, suicide ideation, general rumination) and fully mediated the association between suicide ideation and lifetime suicide attempts. Conclusion Overall, though limited by the use of a non-clinical sample and a cross-sectional study design, the present results suggest that suicide-specific rumination might be a factor of central relevance in understanding transitions to suicidal behavior.

scholarly journals A Transdiagnostic Approach to Sexual Distress and Sexual Pleasure: A Preliminary Mediation Study with Repetitive Negative Thinking

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (21) ◽  
pp. 7864
Author(s):  
Patrícia M. Pascoal ◽  
Catarina F. Raposo ◽  
Magda Sofia Roberto
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Dysfunction ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Sexual Pleasure ◽  
Mediating Effect ◽  
Cognitive Approach ◽  
Repetitive Negative Thinking ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Negative Thinking ◽  
Sexual Distress ◽  
Cross Sectional Design

Sexual distress is a core characteristic of sexual dysfunction; however, little is known about its correlates. In the current study, we aimed to contribute to the understanding of both sexual distress and its positive counterpart, sexual pleasure, by taking a transdiagnostic approach to sexual distress using two types of repetitive negative thinking: worry and rumination. Because sexual activity mostly occurs in a dyadic context, we also looked at the potential mediating effect of co-worry and co-rumination, and we used them as mediators. Our preliminary exploratory quantitative study used a cross-sectional design, with a sample of 206 partnered heterosexual people. We used path analysis with parallel mediation, with structural equation modelling being performed using lavaan designed for R environment. Overall, our results show that repetitive negative thinking is associated with both sexual distress and sexual pleasure, and that neither co-rumination nor co-worry mediates these associations. The exception is the indirect effect of rumination on sexual pleasure that is mediated by co-rumination. These results demonstrate that a transdiagnostic approach to sexual distress is a new field worth exploring, and they contribute to establishing the relevance of a cognitive approach to sexual dysfunction.

scholarly journals Repetitive negative thinking is associated with subjective cognitive decline in older adults: a cross-sectional study

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Marco Schlosser ◽  
Harriet Demnitz-King ◽  
Tim Whitfield ◽  
Miranka Wirth ◽  
Natalie L. Marchant
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Cognitive Function ◽  
Cognitive Decline ◽  
Subjective Cognitive Decline ◽  
Repetitive Negative Thinking ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Negative Thinking ◽  
Memory Complaints ◽  
Dementia Risk ◽  
Perceived Cognitive Function

Abstract Background In the absence of a cure or effective treatment for dementia, attention has shifted towards identifying risk factors for prevention. Subjective Cognitive Decline (SCD) describes self-perceived worsening of cognition despite unimpaired performance on neuropsychological tests. SCD has been associated with an increased dementia risk and steeper memory decline. Repetitive negative thinking (RNT) is a transdiagnostic process that manifests across several mental health disorders associated with increased vulnerability to dementia. RNT has thus been proposed as a candidate marker of risk for dementia and, relatedly, could contribute to the manifestation of SCD. We aimed to investigate the relationship between SCD and RNT alongside other proposed psychological risk/protective factors for dementia and cognitive decline. Methods In a cross-sectional online survey, 491 older adults (mean = 64.9 years, SD = 4.2; 63.1% female) completed measures of RNT, personality traits, purpose in life, worry, rumination, and meditation practice. SCD was assessed continuously via self-perceived cognitive function (Neuro-QoL) and categorically via endorsement (yes/no) of memory complaints. Regression models, using a stepwise backwards elimination, were built to assess associations between SCD, demographics, and all risk/protective factors. Results A total of 24.2% of participants reported memory complaints. In the final prediction models, RNT was the only psychological variable associated with lower self-perceived cognitive function and with a higher likelihood of memory complaints. Conclusions This study empirically corroborates the theoretical relationship between SCD and RNT. Longitudinal studies are needed to establish whether RNT is a prodromal symptom or an independent risk factor, and whether RNT can be a promising construct for future research on SCD and dementia risk.

The Facilitating Effect of Need-Supportive Parenting on the Change Rate and Adaptation of Dual Autonomy Among Taiwanese Adolescents

2015 ◽  
Vol 74 (4) ◽  
pp. 181-195 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chih-Wen Wu ◽  
Nai-Wen Guo ◽  
Yeu-Sheng Hsieh ◽  
Kuang-Hui Yeh
Keyword(s):  
Hierarchical Linear Modeling ◽  
Filial Piety ◽  
Longitudinal Design ◽  
Mediating Effect ◽  
Linear Modeling ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Change Rate ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Supportive Parenting ◽  
Interpersonal Adaptation

Abstract. Two empirical studies were conducted to test the facilitating effect of need-supportive parenting (NSP) on Taiwanese adolescents’ individuating autonomy (IA) and relating autonomy (RA) as well as to investigate the mediating effect of IA and RA on the relationship between NSP and adaptation. Study 1 adopted a cross-sectional design and found that (1) NSP was positively related to adolescents’ IA and RA capacity; and (2) the positive effects of NSP on intrapersonal adaptation (i.e., self-esteem and happiness) and interpersonal adaptation (i.e., empathy and reciprocal filial piety) were superiorly mediated by IA and RA, respectively. Study 2 used a longitudinal design and added negative criteria (i.e., anxiety and depression for intrapersonal maladaptation, and hostility and delinquent behavior for interpersonal maladaptation). Hierarchical linear modeling analyses indicated that (1) NSP not only positively contributed to Taiwanese adolescents’ IA and RA, but also facilitated the change rate of IA and RA; (2) the changes in IA and RA within individuals over time were related to the changes in intrapersonal and interpersonal criteria, respectively; and (3) IA primarily mediated the effects of NSP on both intrapersonal adaptation and maladaptation, while RA mediated the effects of NSP on both interpersonal adaptation and maladaptation. Limitations and future directions are discussed.

Interactions among culturally diverse personnel: an analysis of individual difference variables

2015 ◽  
Vol 34 (8) ◽  
pp. 705-725
Author(s):  
Miriam Moeller ◽  
Michael Harvey ◽  
Jane F. Maley
Keyword(s):  
Individual Difference ◽  
Hierarchical Linear Modeling ◽  
Emerging Market ◽  
Cultural Beliefs ◽  
Linear Modeling ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Foreign Nationals ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Adjustment Difficulties ◽  
Individual Difference Variables

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to investigate attitudes toward interacting with foreign nationals from emerging and developed markets. Differences in attitudes are assessed using liability-of-foreignness factors. Design/methodology/approach – Purposive sample collected at a private university in Australia; hierarchical linear modeling approach examines differences across regions of Australia, Asia, Middle East, Europe, and North America; Type 2 moderated mediation procedures. Findings – Findings argue for variations across individual difference variables relative to the inclination to interact with emerging markets foreign nationals. Europeans’ willingness to interact with emerging market foreign nationals is diminished with high levels of tendency to stereotype, whereas North Americans’ willingness to interact with developed market foreign nationals is enhanced with high levels of tendency to stereotype. Research limitations/implications – Use of self-reported measures may limit validity and generalizability; cross-sectional data; common method variance. Practical implications – A greater consideration of cultural diversity inherent in the workforce allows for diminished adjustment difficulties. Acknowledgment and contextualization of diversity is not an option but a necessity upon which organizations must act to reach their fullest potential in respective foreign locations. Social implications – Supports greater respect for social and cultural beliefs, norms, and values. Respect has implications for relationships and performance. Originality/value – Content presents diversity issues within global organizations on their quest to employ global talent.

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