scholarly journals 0519 Mindfulness Based Therapy for Insomnia Improves Objective Markers of Sleep in the Elderly: Preliminary Data from the Mindfulness Sleep Therapy (MIST) Study

SLEEP ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 43 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. A198-A199
Author(s):  
K F Wong ◽  
F Perini ◽  
S L Henderson ◽  
J Teng ◽  
Z Hassirim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Preliminary Data ◽  
Repeated Measures ◽  
Mixed Model ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Sleep Onset ◽  
Sleep Diary ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Poor Sleep ◽  
Sleep Onset Latency ◽  
Time In Bed

Abstract Introduction Mindfulness-based treatment for insomnia (MBTI) is a viable intervention for improving poor sleep. We report preliminary data from an ongoing pre-registered, randomized controlled trial which investigates the effect of MBTI on elderly adults. Methods Participants above 50 years old with PSQI ≥ 5 were recruited and randomised into either MBTI or an active control group (Sleep hygiene education and exercise program, SHEEP) in sequential cohorts with about 20 participants per cohort (10 per group). Before and after the intervention, 1 night of portable polysomnography (PSG) and 1 week of actigraphy (ACT) and sleep diary (DIARY) data were collected. We report the ACT and DIARY results of the first 3 cohorts (n = 46, male = 23, mean age = 62.3, std = 6.3) and PSG data of the first 2 cohorts (n = 29, male = 12, mean age = 62.5, std = 5.7). Time in bed (TIB), total sleep time (TST), sleep onset latency (SOL), wake after sleep onset (WASO), and sleep efficiency (SE) were analysed with mixed-model repeated-measures ANOVA. Results We observed increases in TIBDIARY (F1,44 = 5.151, p < .05) and SEDIARY (F1,44 = 22.633, p < .0001), and significant reductions in SOLDIARY (F1,44 = 7.031, p < .05) and WASODIARY (F1,39 = 7.411, p < .05). In the actigraphy data, we found a significant interaction in SOLACT (F1,39 = 4.273, p < .05) with an increase in SHEEP SOLACT (t18= 2.36, p < .05). Significant reductions were also observed in WASOACT (F1,44 = 16.459, p < .0001) Finally, we observed a reduction in SOLPSG (F1,26 = 5.037, p <. 05). All other tests were non-significant. Conclusion Preliminary results suggest that both interventions lead to improvements in sleep with more pronounced effects in subjective sleep reports. Objective sleep data suggest that improvements in sleep is a result of improved sleep quality and not simply extending sleep opportunity. These preliminary data shows that MBTI may be a promising intervention for elderly individuals with sleep difficulties. Support This study was supported by an award from the 7th grant call of the Singapore Millennium Foundation Research Grant Programme

scholarly journals Guided Internet-delivered cognitive behavioural treatment for insomnia: a randomized trial

2013 ◽  
Vol 44 (7) ◽  
pp. 1521-1532 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. van Straten ◽  
J. Emmelkamp ◽  
J. de Wit ◽  
J. Lancee ◽  
G. Andersson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Sleep Onset ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
Sleep Diary ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Sleep Onset Latency ◽  
Cognitive Behavioural ◽  
Co Morbidity ◽  
Significant Difference

BackgroundInsomnia is a prevalent problem with a high burden of disease (e.g. reduced quality of life, reduced work capacity) and a high co-morbidity with other mental and somatic disorders. Cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT) is effective in the treatment of insomnia but is seldom offered. CBT delivered through the Internet might be a more accessible alternative. In this study we examined the effectiveness of a guided Internet-delivered CBT for adults with insomnia using a randomized controlled trial (RCT).MethodA total of 118 patients, recruited from the general population, were randomized to the 6-week guided Internet intervention (n = 59) or to a wait-list control group (n = 59). Patients filled out an online questionnaire and a 7-day sleep diary before (T0) and after (T1) the 6-week period. The intervention group received a follow-up questionnaire 3 months after baseline (T2).ResultsAlmost three-quarters (72.9%) of the patients completed the whole intervention. Intention-to-treat (ITT) analysis showed that the treatment had statistically significant medium to large effects (p < 0.05; Cohen's d between 0.40 and 1.06), and resulted more often in clinically relevant changes, on all sleep and secondary outcomes with the exception of sleep onset latency (SOL) and number of awakenings (NA). There was a non-significant difference in the reduction in sleep medication between the intervention (a decrease of 6.8%) and control (an increase of 1.8%) groups (p = 0.20). Data on longer-term effects were inconclusive.ConclusionsThis study adds to the growing body of literature that indicates that guided CBT for insomnia can be delivered through the Internet. Patients accept the format and their sleep improves.

scholarly journals 1036 Does Diary and Actigraphy Measured Sleep Differ Between Good and Poor Sleepers During Breast Cancer Treatment?

SLEEP ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 43 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. A393-A394
Author(s):  
J Tulk ◽  
S N Garland ◽  
J Rash ◽  
R Lester ◽  
K Laing
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Mixed Model ◽  
Sleep Onset ◽  
Sleep Diary ◽  
First Year ◽  
Poor Sleep ◽  
Sleep Onset Latency ◽  
Opposite Pattern ◽  
Sleep Diaries ◽  
Pre Treatment

Abstract Introduction Women may enter in breast cancer (BCa) treatment with poor sleep, or it may begin during treatment. We assessed how subjective and objective sleep changes during the first year of treatment for women with BCa. Further, we examined whether this differs between previously good and poor sleepers and whether there was agreement between subjective and objective measures of sleep. Methods Sleep onset latency (SOL), wake after sleep onset (WASO), total sleep time (TST), and sleep efficiency (SE) were measured among 100 patients with newly diagnosed, non-metastatic BCa using 7 days of diary and actigraphy collected at 4 time points: pre-treatment, 4, 8, and 12 months. Women with a score ≥5 on the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index at treatment onset were classified as poor sleepers. A 4 (time: 0-, 4-, 8-, 12-months) by 2 (sleep measure: sleep diary, actigraphy) by 2 (group: good, poor sleepers) mixed model ANOVAs was performed for each sleep parameter. Results There was a time by sleep measure by group interaction for TST, [F(3,294)= 3.014, p = .03). Good sleepers reported greater TST on diaries- than actigraphy at pre-treatment and 12 months, whereas there were no differences in poor sleepers. There was a group by time effect for good vs. poor sleepers [F(3,294)= 2.909, p = .035]. Good sleepers experienced decreased TST and SE from pre-treatment through 4-mo, followed by increases. Poor sleepers showed the opposite pattern. Neither group returned to pre-treatment levels. Sleep diaries and actigraphy are concordant over time for TST, but not SOL, WASO, or SE. Conclusion Sleep parameters worsen during the first year following onset of BCa and concordance between sleep diaries and actigraphy differ between good or poor sleepers. Support Dr. Garland is supported by a Scotiabank New Investigator Award and seed funding from the Beatrice Hunter Cancer Research Institute (BHCRI).

scholarly journals 0127 Relationship Between Sleep Metrics with Free-Living Glucose Concentrations and Glycemic Variability in Non-Diabetic Adults

SLEEP ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 43 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. A50-A50
Author(s):  
J R Sparks ◽  
E E Kishman ◽  
X Wang
Keyword(s):  
South Carolina ◽  
Glucose Metabolism ◽  
Sleep Onset ◽  
Glycemic Variability ◽  
Sleep Efficiency ◽  
Sleep Diary ◽  
Poor Sleep ◽  
Free Living ◽  
Experimental Conditions ◽  
Time In Bed

Abstract Introduction Insufficient sleep and poor sleep quality have been associated with impaired glucose metabolism at fasting and under experimental conditions. Continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) measures glucose concentrations over an extended, free-living period that can be used to assess glycemic health. Relationships between CGM-assessed glucose concentrations and glycemic variability, an emerging glycemic health marker, with sleep metrics have yet to be elucidated. The purpose of this study was to examine the relationships between sleep metrics with glucose concentrations and glycemic variability in non-diabetic adults. Methods Twenty-four non-diabetic adults (age=46.0±5.8 years; BMI=32.2±5.7 kg/m2) completed actigraphy, sleep diary, and CGM over 7 consecutive days. Time-in-bed (TIB), total sleep time (TST), wake duration after sleep onset, and sleep efficiency [(TST÷TIB)×100%] were determined using actigraphy assisted with sleep diary input. Nightly variability of each sleep metric was calculated as standard deviation (SD) across all nights. Glucose concentrations at waking in the morning, and 1, 2, and 3 hours prior to waking, and diurnal, nocturnal, and 24-hour means were determined. Intra-day glycemic variability, including mean amplitude of glycemic excursions and continuous overlapping of net glycemic action of 1, 2, and 4 hours, and inter-day glycemic variability, mean of daily differences, were calculated. Pearson product correlations between sleep metrics with glucose concentrations and glycemic variability were performed. Results Average TIB and TST were 462.6±61.7 minutes and 403.3±59.7 minutes, respectively. TIB negatively correlated with glucose concentrations at 2 and 3 hours prior to waking (r=-0.42, p=0.04 and r=-0.42, p=0.04, respectively). Nightly variability in sleep efficiency positively correlated with waking, and 1, 2, and 3 hours prior to waking glucose concentrations (0.44≤r≤0.48, p≤0.03 for all). No sleep metrics correlated with glycemic variability measures (p≥0.10 for all). Conclusion Findings suggest a longer amount of sleep opportunity and more consistent sleep efficiency relate to better glucose metabolism in non-diabetic adults. Support American Heart Association 14BGIA20380706 and University of South Carolina Support to Promote Advancement of Research and Creativity Grant #11530-17-43917.

scholarly journals Folic Acid Supplementation Mitigates Alzheimer’s Disease by Reducing Inflammation: A Randomized Controlled Trial

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hui Chen ◽  
Shuai Liu ◽  
Lu Ji ◽  
Tianfeng Wu ◽  
Yong Ji ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Folic Acid ◽  
Repeated Measures ◽  
Mixed Model ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
Serum Folate ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Mrna Levels

Background/Aims. Low serum folate levels can alter inflammatory reactions. Both phenomena have been linked to Alzheimer’s disease (AD), but the effect of folic acid on AD itself is unclear. We quantified folate supplementation’s effect on inflammation and cognitive function in patients with AD over the course of 6 months.Methods. Patients newly diagnosed with AD (age > 60 years;n=121; mild to severe; international criteria) and being treated with donepezil were randomly assigned into two groups with (intervention group) or without (control group) supplemental treatment with folic acid (1.25 mg/d) for 6 months. The Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) was administered to all patients at baseline and follow-up, and blood samples were taken before and after treatment. We quantified serum folate, amyloid beta (Aβ), interleukin-6 (IL-6), tumor necrosis factorα(TNFα), plasma homocysteine (Hcy), S-adenosylmethionine (SAM), S-adenosylhomocysteine (SAH), and the mRNA levels of presenilin (PS), IL-6, and TNFαin leukocytes. Data were analyzed using a repeated-measures mixed model.Results. The mean MMSE was slightly increased in the intervention group compared to that in the control group (P<0.05). Posttreatment, plasma SAM and SAM/SAH levels were significantly higher (P<0.05), while Aβ40, PS1-mRNA, and TNFα-mRNA levels were lower in the intervention group than in the control group (P<0.05). The Aβ42/Aβ40ratio was also higher in the intervention group (P<0.05).Conclusions. Folic acid is beneficial in patients with AD. Inflammation may play an important role in the interaction between folic acid and AD. This trial is registered with clinical trial registration numberChiCTR-TRC-13003246.

scholarly journals 0524 Web-Delivered CBT for Insomnia Intervention Improves Sleep Among Adults with Insomnia and Depressive Symptoms

SLEEP ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 43 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. A200-A201
Author(s):  
P J Batterham ◽  
H Christensen ◽  
F P Thorndike ◽  
L M Ritterband ◽  
R Gerwien ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Sleep Quality ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Behavioral Therapy ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Sleep Onset ◽  
Sleep Diary ◽  
Sleep Onset Latency ◽  
Sleep Diaries

Abstract Introduction Cognitive behavioral therapy for insomnia (CBT-I) is the first line recommended treatment for adults with chronic insomnia. In a prior randomized controlled trial (RCT), data showed web-delivered CBT-I (SHUTi) reduced insomnia severity as well as symptoms of depression, among adults with insomnia and elevated depressive symptoms. The present study aimed to further evaluate the effectiveness of web CBT-I to improve sleep outcomes as measured by prospectively entered sleep diaries in this same sample. Methods A large-scale RCT (N=1149) of Australian adults with insomnia and depressive symptoms compared a 9-week, web CBT-I therapeutic with an attention-matched web program at baseline, posttest and 6-, 12-, and 18-month follow-ups. Although depression outcomes have been presented previously, the online sleep-diary derived variables have not yet been presented, including sleep-onset latency (SOL), wake after sleep onset (WASO), sleep efficiency (SE), number of awakenings, sleep quality, and total sleep time (TST). Sleep diaries were entered online for 10 days at each assessment period. Results Data showed web CBT-I participants demonstrated greater reductions from baseline to posttest compared with control for the following sleep variables: SOL (LS mean difference [95% CI]=-22.3 min [-29.2, -15.3]; p&lt;.0001), WASO (-17.8 min [-23.4, -12.3]; p&lt;.0001), and number of awakenings (-0.38 [-0.68, -0.09]; p=.0113). Web CBT-I also showed greater improvements in SE (9.18% [7.25%, 11.10%]; p&lt;.0001) and sleep quality (0.41 [0.30, 0.53]; p&lt;.0001) from baseline to posttest compared with control. TST was not significantly different between groups at posttest or 6-month follow-up, although it improved over baseline at 12 (18.73 min [7.39, 30.07]; p=.0013) and 18 months (23.76 min [9.15, 38.36]; p=.0015) relative to control. All other significant sleep treatment effects were maintained in the treatment arm at 6, 12, and 18-month follow-up. Conclusion Data showed web CBT-I produced lasting improvements in sleep outcomes among adults with insomnia and elevated depressive symptoms. Support Clinical trial ACTRN12611000121965 was funded by the Australian National Health and Medical Research Council. The statistical analysis described here was funded by Pear Therapeutics, Inc and conducted by Provonix.

scholarly journals 1105 A Randomized Controlled Trial of a Psychological Intervention for Decreasing Bedtime Procrastination: The BED-PRO Study

SLEEP ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 43 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. A420-A420
Author(s):  
S Suh† ◽  
G Kim ◽  
S Jeoung ◽  
H An
Keyword(s):  
Negative Affect ◽  
Behavioral Intervention ◽  
Repeated Measures ◽  
Psychological Intervention ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Sleep Diary ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Ctrl Group ◽  
Bedtime Procrastination

Abstract Introduction Bedtime Procrastination (BP) is defined as the behavior of going to bed later than intended, without having external reasons for doing so. Previous studies have shown that BP has a negative effect on sleep and health, and there is a need to develop interventions to decrease BP. This study (BED-PRO) is an ongoing study evaluating a behavioral intervention to reduce BP. Methods Fifteen participants who scored higher than 33 on the Bedtime Procrastination Scale were randomized to either the treatment (TRT, n=6) or control group (CTRL, n=9). Treatment consisted of four face-to-face individual sessions. All participants completed self-report questionnaires on Bedtime Procrastination Scale (BPS), Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS), Positive Affect and Negative Affect Schedule (K-PANAS-R) and completed the 7-day sleep diary. Data was analyzed using two-way mixed Measures Analysis of Variance (ANOVA). Results Mean age of the participants was 21.78 (±1.8) years and 80% (n=12) were females. Group by time interactions from repeated measures analyses revealed significant post intervention improvements in the TRT group compared to the CTRL group on all bedtime procrastination duration and scores, sleep efficiency, refreshment after waking, daytime sleepiness and negative affect of K-PANAS-R. Specifically, bedtime procrastination duration in the TRT group measured by sleep diaries decreased significantly from 75.30 (±58.57) min to 14.83 (±7.83) min, while the CTRL group did not change from 57.60 (±32.01) to 54.36 (±40.82) min (p=0.019). In addition, the TRT group reported significant improvements in bedtime procrastination scores from 36.00 (±4.05) to 22.50 (±6.72). Conclusion Based on results, the behavioral intervention used in this study looks promising in improving bedtime procrastination and sleep. Support This work was supported by the Ministry of Education of the Republic of Korea and the National Research Foundation of Korea(NRF-2018S1A5A8026807)

Cancer related insomnia and wireless technology: A pilot study.

2017 ◽  
Vol 35 (15_suppl) ◽  
pp. e21645-e21645
Author(s):  
Brenda O'Connor ◽  
Pauline Ui Dhuibhir ◽  
Declan Walsh
Keyword(s):  
High Reliability ◽  
Objective Assessment ◽  
Sleep Onset ◽  
Work Productivity ◽  
Sleep Diary ◽  
Poor Sleep ◽  
Time In Bed ◽  
Concurrent Use ◽  
Bedside Monitor ◽  
Delayed Sleep

e21645 Background: Cancer related insomnia (CRI) includes difficulty with sleep onset, maintenance or non-restorative sleep. CRI is common with prevalence up to 95%. Consequences include cognitive dysfunction, fatigue, increased hospitalisation and lost work productivity. Early detection may help. CRI remains under-investigated as objective assessment has needed specialised laboratories. Mobile technology may provide a solution. This study aimed to determine the feasibility and acceptability of a wireless bedside monitor (SleepMinder [ResMed Sensor Technologies Ltd, Dublin]) to evaluate CRI. Methods: A prospective observational study recruited 10 consecutive hospice inpatients (IP) and 20 consecutive community participants (CP) with cancer. Participants used a wireless non-contact bedside sleep monitor for 3 consecutive nights. Three insomnia features were examined (sleep onset, maintenance, early awakening). Computerised algorithm-generated metrics were compared to visual inspection of the monitor sleep/activity report. Acceptability questionnaires were completed by patient, nurse and family. Results: The device successfully recorded sleep patterns in all 30 participants. No technical difficulties were experienced. IP: Mean age was 63 +/- 9 years. 7/10 had one or more insomnia features with delayed sleep onset most common. The monitor over-estimated Sleep Latency (77% nights), Duration (77% nights) and Final Awakening (63% nights). CP: Mean age was 64 +/- 10 years. 15/20 had one or more insomnia features with poor sleep maintenance most common. The monitor overestimated Sleep Duration (62% nights) and Final Awakening (45% nights). Lower levels were noted in CP as they spent less time in bed. Patients, nurses and family members reported high (100%) device acceptability. Conclusions: A wireless bedside monitor effectively measured sleep in seriously ill cancer patients in both inpatient and outpatient settings without the use of a sleep laboratory High reliability and acceptability supports routine clinical use Sensitivity of wakefulness detection was reduced as the device incorrectly identified sleep during awake but motionless periods Concurrent use of sleep diary and a monitor is recommended for comprehensive assessment

scholarly journals 0402 Impact of Various Actigraphic Editing Approaches on Sleep/Wake Outputs in Adults with Insomnia and Healthy Sleepers

SLEEP ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 43 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. A154-A154
Author(s):  
C E Kline ◽  
M E Egeler ◽  
A G Kubala ◽  
S R Patel ◽  
H M Lehrer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sleep Duration ◽  
Sleep Onset ◽  
Sleep Diary ◽  
Sleep Onset Latency ◽  
Onset Latency ◽  
Linear Mixed Effects ◽  
Automated Algorithm ◽  
Time In Bed ◽  
Patient Status ◽  
Approach Time

Abstract Introduction Actigraphy data can be edited using a variety of approaches. However, whether time-intensive manual editing provides different sleep/wake estimates compared to other approaches is unknown. The purpose of this study was to compare sleep/wake data obtained from a standardized editing approach that incorporates multiple inputs versus three other common approaches. Methods 72 adults (33.8±11.1 y, 74% female, 71% white) provided 1022 nights of data for analysis; 45 were healthy sleepers (678 nights) and 27 met DSM-5 criteria for insomnia. Participants wore an Actiwatch Spectrum on their nondominant wrist and completed a sleep diary for 3-24 nights. Each night’s rest interval was set using four different approaches: (1) a standardized process based upon published guidelines (Patel et al., Sleep 2015) that incorporates a hierarchical order of multiple inputs (event marker, light, diary, activity; STANDARD); (2) software-provided automated algorithm (AUTO); (3) automated algorithm with incorporation of event markers (AUTOE); and (4) sleep diary (DIARY). We used linear mixed-effects models to evaluate whether sleep/wake parameters differed between the STANDARD and other editing approaches, accounting for patient status (healthy sleeper, insomnia) and the possibility that differences among editing approaches may be dependent on patient status. Results All results are expressed relative to the STANDARD approach. Bedtime was 36.1±5.1 min earlier (P&lt;.0001) and morning out-of-bed time was 13.6±5.7 min later (P=.02) using the AUTO (P&lt;.0001) approach. Time in bed was 42.3±4.7 min longer with AUTO (P&lt;.0001). Sleep onset latency was 11.7±1.4 min and 2.8±1.4 min longer for AUTO (P&lt;.0001) and DIARY (P=.05), respectively. Sleep duration was 22.5±4.4 min longer with AUTO (P&lt;.0001). Wake after sleep onset was 6.8±1.2 min greater with AUTO (P&lt;.0001). Similar patterns were observed for all sleep/wake measures among healthy sleepers and adults with insomnia. Conclusion A standardized approach to editing actigraphy data leads to different sleep/wake estimates compared to other common approaches, though the differences were often small in magnitude and not dependent upon sleep status. Most notably, reliance upon the automated algorithm yielded longer time in bed, sleep duration, sleep onset latency, and wake after sleep onset compared to the standardized approach. Support NIH K23HL118318

The effects of foot massage on hemodialysis patients’ sleep quality and restless leg syndrome: a comparison of lavender and sweet orange essential oil topical application

2021 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Khodayar Oshvandi ◽  
Fariba Mirzajani Letomi ◽  
Ali Reza Soltanian ◽  
Morteza Shamsizadeh
Keyword(s):  
Essential Oil ◽  
Sleep Quality ◽  
Repeated Measures ◽  
Sweet Orange ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Poor Sleep ◽  
Random Allocation ◽  
Restless Leg Syndrome ◽  
Orange Essential Oil

Abstract Objectives Hemodialysis (HD) patients suffer more sleep problems (poor sleep quality and restless leg syndrome [RLS]). Complementary therapy, especially massage with aromatherapy oil is one of the non-pharmacological treatment options with less adverse effects than routine methods. The purpose of this study was to determine the effects of foot massage with of lavender and orange essential oil on HD patients’ sleep quality and RLS. Methods This is a double blind randomized controlled trial on 105 HD patients was conducted at a large educational hospital in Iran, Hamadan province between January and September 2017. Patients divided into three groups with random allocation (35 participants per groups in lavender, orange, and control group). Foot massage during HD with lavender and orange essential oil was administered to the patients three times a week for three weeks, and every massage lasted half an hour. The control group received routine care. Before the intervention, the end of the first, second, and third weeks Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) and RLS questionnaire were completed for all three groups. Data were statistically analyzed with Independent Samples t-test, chi-square test and repeated-measures analysis of variance (ANOVA) by SPSS version 16. Results The mean score of sleep quality and RLS in the intervention groups were significantly different compare with the control group in all three time of data collecting (p<0 001). Conclusions Aromatherapy prepared with lavender oil and sweet orange may be recommended to increase sleep quality and RLS level of the HD patients.

scholarly journals The Development of a Sleep Intervention for Firefighters: The FIT-IN (Firefighter’s Therapy for Insomnia and Nightmares) Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (23) ◽  
pp. 8738
Author(s):  
Eun Hee Jang ◽  
Yujin Hong ◽  
Yeji Kim ◽  
Sangha Lee ◽  
Yeonsoon Ahn ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sleep Disturbance ◽  
Sleep Onset ◽  
Severity Index ◽  
Sleep Diary ◽  
Sleep Onset Latency ◽  
Post Intervention ◽  
Sleep Diaries ◽  
Imagery Rehearsal Therapy ◽  
Time In Bed ◽  
Fire Stations

Background: Firefighters are vulnerable to irregular sleep patterns and sleep disturbance due to work characteristics such as shift work and frequent dispatch. However, there are few studies investigating intervention targeting sleep for firefighters. This preliminary study aimed to develop and test a sleep intervention, namely FIT-IN (Firefighter’s Therapy for Insomnia and Nightmares), which was based on existing evidence-based treatment tailored to firefighters in consideration of their occupational characteristics. Methods: This study implemented a single-group pre-post study design, utilizing an intervention developed based on brief behavior therapy for insomnia with imagery rehearsal therapy components. FIT-IN consisted of a total of three sessions (two face-to-face group sessions and one telephone session). Participants were recruited from Korean fire stations, and a total of 39 firefighters participated. Participants completed a sleep diary for two weeks, as well as the following questionnaires to assess their sleep and psychological factors: insomnia severity index (ISI), disturbing dream and nightmare severity index (DDNSI), Epworth sleepiness scale (ESS), depressive symptom inventory-suicidality subscale (DSI), and Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9). These questionnaires were administered before the first session and at the end of the second session. Results: The FIT-IN program produced improvements in sleep indices. There was a significant increase in sleep efficiency (p < 0.01), and a decrease in sleep onset latency, number of awakenings, and time in bed (p < 0.05), as derived from weekly sleep diaries. In addition, significant decreases were shown for insomnia (p < 0.001) and nightmare severity (p < 0.01). Conclusion: There were significant improvements in sleep and other clinical indices (depression, PTSD scores) when comparing pre-and post-intervention scores. FIT-IN may be a feasible and practical option in alleviating sleep disturbance in this population. Further studies will be needed to ascertain FIT-IN’s effectiveness.

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