scholarly journals 0930 Prenatal Cannabis Use and Sleep Outcomes in Children 9-10 Years of Age in the Adolescence Brain Cognitive Development Study

SLEEP ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 43 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. A353-A354
Author(s):  
E Winiger ◽  
J Hewitt
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Development ◽  
Sleep Duration ◽  
Fetal Brain ◽  
Cannabis Use ◽  
Cb1 Receptors ◽  
Long Term Effects ◽  
Sleep Wake Disorders ◽  
Sleep Breathing Disorders ◽  
Parental Marital Status

Abstract Introduction The fetal brain is densely populated with CB1 receptors that increase in number throughout gestation and might be involved in sleep processes since they are found in many brain areas related to the regulation of the sleep-wake cycle. THC binds to CB1 receptors, possibly altering neurodevelopment and fetal cortical circuitry in the womb. Studies have found prenatal cannabis use is associated with early sleep factors from as early as few days after birth to 3 years of age, yet no studies have examined associations in later childhood. Methods We used data from the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development (ABCD) study to determine whether maternal reports of cannabis use while pregnant were associated with child sleep outcomes (The Sleep Disturbance Scale for Children) among 11,875 children ages 9-10. Regression analyses accounted for the nested nature of families (twin and non-twin sibling) and were estimated controlling for potential covariates including daily tobacco and weekly alcohol use during pregnancy, mother’s education, combined household income, parental marital status, child sex, and child age. Results Amongst mothers in our sample, 6% endorsed using cannabis while pregnant. Prenatal cannabis use was associated with lower sleep duration, disorders of initiating and maintaining sleep, disorders of arousal, sleep wake disorders, disorders of excessive somnolence, and a summed sleep score (all b >0.09 and p < 0.04) but not with sleep latency, sleep breathing disorders, and sleep hyperhidrosis (all b <0.08 and p >0.09). Conclusion Prenatal cannabis use was associated with increased childhood sleep deficits including shorter sleep duration and higher endorsements of sleep disorder symptoms. This is the first report of prenatal cannabis use being associated with sleep in childhood as late as 9-10 years of age. Although causality is not established, the results suggest potential long-term effects of prenatal cannabis use on sleep and the need for abstinence from cannabis use while pregnant. Support T32 DA017637. The ABCD Study is supported by the National Institutes of Health and additional federal partners under award numbers U01DA041022, U01DA041028, U01DA041048, U01DA041089, U01DA041106, U01DA041117, U01DA041120, U01DA041134, U01DA041148, U01DA041156, U01DA041174, U24DA041123, U24DA041147, U01DA041093, and U01DA041025 (https:// abcdstudy.org/federal-partners.html).

S14-3 Long-term effects of interictal epileptiform discharge on cognitive development and sociality in children with ASD

2020 ◽  
Vol 131 (10) ◽  
pp. e251-e252
Author(s):  
Tetsu Hirosawa ◽  
Paul F. Sowman ◽  
Mina Fukai ◽  
Masafumi Kameya ◽  
Daiki Soma ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Development ◽  
Epileptiform Discharge ◽  
Long Term Effects ◽  
Children With Asd ◽  
Interictal Epileptiform Discharge

The metabolic implications of long term cannabis use in patients with psychosis

2008 ◽  
Vol 17 (3) ◽  
pp. 221-226 ◽  
Author(s):  
Farrah Mushtaq ◽  
Valeria Mondelli ◽  
Carmine M. Pariante
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
General Population ◽  
Endocannabinoid System ◽  
Cannabis Use ◽  
Long Term Effects ◽  
Glucose Levels ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
Vulnerable Patient ◽  
Vulnerable Patient Group

SummaryAimsThe aim of this paper is to summarise the effects of cannabis use on appetite and energy balance, and to subsequently investigate the possible implications this may have in patients with psychosis, in whom a high prevalence of cannabis use has been reported.Methods– A narrative review based on the recent literature regarding cannabis use in the gen-eral population and patients with psychosis.Results– The short-term abilities of cannabis to increase appetite and body weight, through actions on the endogenous endocannabinoid system, have been well characterised throughout the literature. The long term effects of cannabis use are however unclear and only a minority of studies have been conducted in the general population with overall conflicting results. In terms of the effects of cannabis in patients with psychosis, there has only been one study to date that has investigated this and interestingly found cannabis use to be associated with increased body weight and blood glucose levels, thus providing evidence that cannabis use may be an important contributing factor to the reduced life expectancy, as is currently observed in this vulnerable patient group.Conclusions– It is clear from the literature that patients with psychosis are at a high risk of metabolic and cardiovascular disease in comparison to the general population. However the contribution of cannabis use to this risk is as of yet undetermined and further long term studies are need to confirm current findings and evaluate hypothesised mechanisms.Declaration of Interest: None.

Acute and Long-Term Effects of Cannabis Use: A Review

2014 ◽  
Vol 20 (25) ◽  
pp. 4112-4118 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laurent Karila ◽  
Perrine Roux ◽  
Benjamin Rolland ◽  
Amine Benyamina ◽  
Michel Reynaud ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cannabis Use ◽  
Long Term Effects

scholarly journals Prenatal Cannabinoid Exposure: Emerging Evidence of Physiological and Neuropsychiatric Abnormalities

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mina G. Nashed ◽  
Daniel B. Hardy ◽  
Steven R. Laviolette
Keyword(s):  
Healthcare Providers ◽  
Cannabis Use ◽  
Depression And Anxiety ◽  
Long Term Effects ◽  
Placental Development ◽  
Neurodevelopmental Outcomes ◽  
The Past ◽  
Current Trends ◽  
The Social

Clinical reports of cannabis use prevalence during pregnancy vary widely from 3% to upwards of 35% in North America; this disparity likely owing to underestimates from self-reporting in many cases. The rise in cannabis use is mirrored by increasing global legalization and the overall perceptions of safety, even during pregnancy. These trends are further compounded by a lack of evidence-based policy and guidelines for prenatal cannabis use, which has led to inconsistent messaging by healthcare providers and medically licensed cannabis dispensaries regarding prenatal cannabis use for treatment of symptoms, such as nausea. Additionally, the use of cannabis to self-medicate depression and anxiety during pregnancy is a growing medical concern. This review aims to summarize recent findings of clinical and preclinical data on neonatal outcomes, as well as long-term physiological and neurodevelopmental outcomes of prenatal cannabis exposure. Although many of the outcomes under investigation have produced mixed results, we consider these data in light of the unique challenges facing cannabis research. In particular, the limited longitudinal clinical studies available have not previously accounted for the exponential increase in (-)-Δ9– tetrahydrocannabinol (Δ9–THC; the psychoactive compound in cannabis) concentrations found in cannabis over the past two decades. Polydrug use and the long-term effects of individual cannabis constituents [Δ9–THC vs. cannabidiol (CBD)] are also understudied, along with sex-dependent outcomes. Despite these limitations, prenatal cannabis exposure has been linked to low birth weight, and emerging evidence suggests that prenatal exposure to Δ9–THC, which crosses the placenta and impacts placental development, may have wide-ranging physiological and neurodevelopmental consequences. The long-term effects of these changes require more rigorous investigation, though early reports suggest Δ9–THC increases the risk of cognitive impairment and neuropsychiatric disease, including psychosis, depression, anxiety, and sleep disorders. In light of the current trends in the perception and use of cannabis during pregnancy, we emphasize the social and medical imperative for more rigorous investigation of the long-term effects of prenatal cannabis exposure.

scholarly journals Regular Cannabis Use Associated With Lower Pain Tolerance and Greater Pain-Related Interference: Results from Laboratory and Ecologically Relevant Assessments

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Julio Alejandro Yanes ◽  
Meredith A. Reid ◽  
Lauren Yvette Atlas ◽  
Jarred W. Younger ◽  
Raul Gonzalez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Linear Models ◽  
Pain Scale ◽  
Pain Tolerance ◽  
Cannabis Use ◽  
Long Term Effects ◽  
Linear Mixed Effects ◽  
Pain Ratings ◽  
Lower Pain ◽  
Internet Study

Substantial effort has been directed toward understanding complex associations between cannabis and pain, yet we have many, and sometimes conflicting, theories regarding cannabinoid analgesia. Although acute effects of cannabis on pain have received considerable attention, long-term effects remain understudied. Two studies were conducted. First, during the laboratory study, we measured pain ratings and pain tolerance in response to pressure-based mechanical pain among recreational cannabis users (n = 33) and cannabis non-users (n = 31). Linear mixed-effects models demonstrated that: (i) pain ratings (0-100 VAS) were not different between groups (B = 1.57 (95% CI: -10.84, 13.99), p = 0.801), (ii) pain tolerance (0-240 mmHg) was associated with anxiety (B = -5.33 (95% CI: -8.29, -2.33) p < 0.001), and (iii) users had lower tolerance after controlling for anxiety (B = -24.62 (95% CI: -49.32, 0.43), p = 0.046). Second, during the internet study, we retested these associations using more ecologically relevant endpoints in a separate sample. Participants completed the Graded Chronic Pain Scale, and pain-related daily interference was compared between users (n = 185) and non-users (n = 586). Linear models showed that interference (0-10 points) was associated with anxiety (B = 0.07 (95% CI: 0.06, 0.09), p < 0.001) and users reported greater interference after controlling for anxiety (B = 0.27 (95% CI: 0.09, 0.46), p = 0.003). Together, these outcomes suggest that regular cannabis use is associated with differences in pain processing, although additional studies are needed to provide enhanced mechanistic understanding.

Maternal COVID-19 Infection and Possible Associated Adverse Neurological Fetal Outcomes, Two Case Reports

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Charlotte Archuleta ◽  
Christine Wade ◽  
Becky Micetic ◽  
Ashley Tian ◽  
Kartik Mody
Keyword(s):  
Case Report ◽  
Vertical Transmission ◽  
Prenatal Exposure ◽  
Neurological Disorders ◽  
Neonatal Period ◽  
Case Reports ◽  
Fetal Brain ◽  
Neurological Dysfunction ◽  
Long Term Effects

Introduction: The long-term effects of prenatal COVID-19 infection on the fetal brain are mostly unknown at this time however, there is increasing evidence being published. Case Report: Two cases of severe ventriculomegaly, neurological dysfunction, and seizures were found in neonates with prenatal exposure to COVID-19 infection during the first and third trimesters of pregnancy. Conclusion: Inflammation during the prenatal and neonatal period may be associated with neurological disorders or injury. Despite the presumed lack of vertical transmission, post COVID-19 syndrome and its associated inflammation may have an impact on the unborn fetus. Hyper-vigilance and dissemination of adverse findings is of significant importance as we navigate through this evolving pandemic and its effects.

Long-term effects of frequent cannabis use on working memory and attention: an fMRI study

2006 ◽  
Vol 185 (3) ◽  
pp. 358-368 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gerry Jager ◽  
Rene S. Kahn ◽  
Wim Van Den Brink ◽  
Jan M. Van Ree ◽  
Nick F. Ramsey
Keyword(s):  
Working Memory ◽  
Cannabis Use ◽  
Long Term Effects ◽  
Memory And Attention ◽  
Fmri Study

Long-term effects of preterm birth on language and literacy at eight years

2009 ◽  
Vol 37 (4) ◽  
pp. 865-885 ◽  
Author(s):  
ANNALISA GUARINI ◽  
ALESSANDRA SANSAVINI ◽  
CRISTINA FABBRI ◽  
SILVIA SAVINI ◽  
ROSINA ALESSANDRONI ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Reading Comprehension ◽  
Preterm Birth ◽  
Cognitive Development ◽  
Literacy Development ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Language And Literacy ◽  
Long Term Effects ◽  
Preterm Children ◽  
Reading And Writing

ABSTRACTThe aims of this study were to investigate whether specific linguistic difficulties in preterm children persist at eight years and to examine the interrelationships between language and literacy in this population, compared with a control group of full-term children. Sixty-eight monolingual Italian preterms and 26 chronologically matched controls were recruited. Language (grammar comprehension, lexical production and phonological awareness), literacy (reading comprehension, reading and writing) and general cognitive development were investigated. Results showed no general delay in preterms, but slight difficulties in specific linguistic abilities (grammar, lexicon, phoneme synthesis and deletion of the first syllable), more difficulties in literacy (speed in reading and accuracy in writing) and certain correlations among competencies turning out to be different from the control group. In conclusion, our study established that a partially atypical trajectory emerged in preterms, showing specific long-term effects of preterm birth on language and literacy development.

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