513 Young patients with hypersomnia at Tufts Medical Center

SLEEP ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 44 (Supplement_2) ◽  
pp. A202-A202
Author(s):  
Joel Oster ◽  
Emma Jost-Price ◽  
Matthew Tucker ◽  
Aarti Grover

Abstract Introduction Young people with hypersomnia (up to 30 years old) represent unique clinical patients that are relatively unstudied. This population has complex presentations, may have increased utilization of medical resources, and have additional and or untreated comorbid conditions such as mild OSA (Obstructive Sleep Apnea). This project looks to characterize and inventory clinical variables of this subset of sleep medicine patients at Tufts Medical Center. In addition, we seek to tabulate management of these patients in order to specifically delineate whether or not treating mild OSA in this group resulted in clinical improvement. Methods After IRB approval, a retrospective database was used to search for patients up to age 30 with comorbid hypersomnia diagnoses from 5/1/2015 to 12/2020. De-indentified datasets, including multiple clinical variables and demographics were analyzed and compared to an age-matched control group of patients who also included an OSA diagnosis. Results Various clinical and demographic data sets were collected in the hypersomnia patient population to characterize the quality and nature of their sleep and hospital utilization. Our preliminary results for this sub-population of 96 patients have found that on average these patients had 2.16 visits to our medical center with some outliers with as many as 6–10 visits in a two-year period from the initial contact. This group had a mean WASO (Wake After Sleep Onset) of 48.95 minutes, a mean sleep latency of 8.56 minutes, and a mean amount of stage N1 sleep of 25.6 minutes (6.4%). Further research will be done to compare these values and more to a similar population with OSA. Conclusion Our retrospective review identifies clinically important data relevant to the sleep quality, patient management, and resource utilization of young patients with hypersomnia. Further research with a comparison to a control group with OSA may identify important differences or nuances between these groups. Support (if any) None

2021 ◽  
pp. 026010602110023
Author(s):  
Sofia Cienfuegos ◽  
Kelsey Gabel ◽  
Faiza Kalam ◽  
Mark Ezpeleta ◽  
Vicky Pavlou ◽  
...  

Background: Time restricted feeding (TRF) involves deliberately restricting the times during which energy is ingested. Preliminary findings suggest that 8–10-h TRF improves sleep. However, the effects of shorter TRF windows (4–6 h) on sleep, remain unknown. Aims: This study compared the effects of 4-h versus 6-h TRF on sleep quality, duration, insomnia severity and the risk of obstructive sleep apnea. Methods: Adults with obesity ( n = 49) were randomized into one of three groups: 4-h TRF (eating only between 3 and 7 p.m.), 6-h TRF (eating only between 1 and 7 p.m.), or a control group (no meal timing restrictions) for 8 weeks. Results: After 8 weeks, body weight decreased ( p < 0.001) similarly by 4-h TRF (–3.9 ± 0.4 kg) and 6-h TRF (–3.4 ± 0.4 kg), versus controls. Sleep quality, measured by the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), did not change by 4-h TRF (baseline: 5.9 ± 0.7; week 8: 4.8 ± 0.6) or 6-h TRF (baseline: 6.4 ± 0.8; week 8: 5.3 ± 0.9), versus controls. Wake time, bedtime, sleep duration and sleep onset latency also remained unchanged. Insomnia severity did not change by 4-h TRF (baseline: 4.4 ± 1.0; week 8: 4.7 ± 0.9) or 6-h TRF (baseline: 8.3 ± 1.2; week 8: 5.5 ± 1.1), versus controls. Percent of participants reporting obstructive sleep apnea symptoms did not change by 4-h TRF (baseline: 44%; week 8: 25%) or 6-h TRF (baseline: 47%; week 8: 20%), versus controls. Conclusion: These findings suggest that 4- and 6-h TRF have no effect on sleep quality, duration, insomnia severity, or the risk of obstructive sleep apnea.


2020 ◽  
pp. 019459982095483
Author(s):  
Philip D. Knollman ◽  
Christine H. Heubi ◽  
Susan Wiley ◽  
David F. Smith ◽  
Sally R. Shott ◽  
...  

Objectives To compare the demographic and clinical characteristics of children with Down syndrome who did and did not receive polysomnography to evaluate for obstructive sleep apnea after publication of the American Academy of Pediatrics’ guidelines recommending universal screening by age 4 years. Study Design Retrospective cohort study. Setting Single tertiary pediatric hospital. Methods Review was conducted of children with Down syndrome born between 2007 and 2012. Children who obtained polysomnography were compared with children who did not, regarding demographic data, socioeconomic status, and comorbidities. Results We included 460 children with Down syndrome; 273 (59.3%) received at least 1 polysomnogram, with a median age of 3.6 years (range, 0.1-8.9 years). There was no difference in the distribution of sex, insurance status, or socioeconomic status between children who received polysomnography and those who did not. There was a significant difference in race distribution ( P = .0004) and distance from home to the medical center ( P < .0001) between groups. Among multiple medical comorbidities, only children with a history of hypothyroidism ( P = .003) or pulmonary aspiration ( P = .01) were significantly more likely to have obtained polysomnography. Conclusions Overall, 60% of children with Down syndrome obtained a polysomnogram. There was no difference between groups by payer status or socioeconomic status. A significant difference in race distribution was noted. Proximity to the medical center and increased medical need appear to be associated with increased likelihood of obtaining a polysomnogram. This study illustrates the need for improvement initiatives to increase the proportion of patients receiving guideline-based screening.


2011 ◽  
Vol 29 (4_suppl) ◽  
pp. 387-387
Author(s):  
M. Bupathi ◽  
G. Mahmud ◽  
J. Kovar ◽  
E. Wang ◽  
T. E. O'Brien

387 Background: Oxaliplatin plays an important role in chemotherapy regimens for colorectal and other GI malignancies. Debilitating peripheral neuropathy (PN) often develops with use of this drug. One study (Grothey A et al, ASCO 2009, abst #4025) has shown that pre- and post-oxaliplatin infusions with calcium (Ca) and magnesium (Mg) may reduce this toxicity. To confirm this in an unselected indigent minority population, a retrospective review was performed comparing development of PN in oxaliplatin exposed patients treated with or without Ca/Mg. Methods: Records of patients who received oxaliplatin from 1/2008 to 12/2009 at MetroHealth Medical Center, a large safety net hospital in Cleveland, OH, were reviewed. 47 patients received Ca/Mg + oxaliplatin and 46 oxaliplatin alone. Data collected included age, race, gender, insurance status, performance status, tumor type, stage, concomitant diseases (DM and EtOH), number of cycles and cumulative dose of oxaliplatin. PN was determined using the Common Terminology Criteria of Adverse Events (CTCAE) version 3.0. Patients were followed 6 months after completion of oxaliplatin. Results: Demographic data was similar between the two groups. Colorectal cancer compromised 77% of the treatment group and 85% of control group. Patients who received Ca/Mg had significantly less PN in all three grades (1-3) compared with the control group (grade 1 89.4% vs. 71.7%, grade II 10.6% vs. 19.6%, grade 3 0% vs. 8.7%, respectively). The cumulative dose of oxaliplatin did not differ between the two groups (Ca/Mg median 1,143 range 260-2,169; control median 1,425 range 137-2,635). The combined total grades 2 and 3 in both the treatment and control (10.6% vs. 28.3%, p = 0.038) favored use of Ca/Mg. Conclusions: This small, retrospective study confirms that Ca/Mg infusions reduce the incidence of clinically significant (grade 2/3) PN in pts receiving oxaliplatin. No significant financial relationships to disclose.


2015 ◽  
Vol 129 (1) ◽  
pp. 68-72 ◽  
Author(s):  
M Acar ◽  
İ Türkcan ◽  
T Özdaş ◽  
C Bal ◽  
C Cingi

AbstractObjective:Obstructive sleep apnoea syndrome can lead to unhealthy open-mouth breathing. We investigated the possible relationship between obstructive sleep apnoea syndrome and dental health. We also evaluated other clinical factors that may affect oral health.Methods:We measured sleep using polysomnography and determined the apnoea–hypopnoea index for a total of 291 patients. We also recorded the demographic data, duration of snoring complaints, educational status and income levels for our patient cohort; finally, we calculated the decayed, missing and filled teeth index.Results:Forty-one patients presented with primary snoring (control group) and 250 patients (study group) presented with mild, moderate and severe obstructive sleep apnoea syndrome. We found no correlation between obstructive sleep apnoea syndrome severity and the decayed, missing and filled teeth index (p = 0.057). We also found no correlation between the apnoea–hypopnoea and decayed, missing and filled teeth indexes. Age and the duration of snoring complaints were positively correlated with the decayed, missing and filled teeth index while educational status and income levels were negatively correlated (p < 0.001).Conclusion:Obstructive sleep apnoea syndrome does not negatively affect oral and dental health.


2017 ◽  
Vol 156 (3) ◽  
pp. 567-574 ◽  
Author(s):  
Di Zhao ◽  
YanRu Li ◽  
JunFang Xian ◽  
Yue Qu ◽  
Xin Cao ◽  
...  

Objective This study aims to evaluate the combination of genioglossus (GG) activity and anatomical characteristics in predicting outcomes of velopharyngeal surgery in patients with obstructive sleep apnea (OSA). Study Design Case series with planned data collection. Setting Sleep medical center. Subjects and Methods Forty patients with OSA underwent overnight polysomnography with synchronous genioglossus electromyography (GGEMG) using intraoral electrodes. The upper airway anatomy was evaluated by 3-dimensional computed tomography in patients with OSA. All patients received the same type of velopharyngeal surgery, consisting of revised uvulopalatopharyngoplasty with uvula preservation and concurrent transpalatal advancement pharyngoplasty. We followed up all patients using polysomnography for at least 3 months postoperatively. Results Twenty-five patients (62.50%) were responders, and 15 patients (37.50%) were nonresponders. The decreased apnea-hypopnea index was significantly positively correlated to the sleep onset GGEMG ( P = .006) but was negatively correlated to the change in GGEMG ( P = .013) and tonic GGEMG ( P = .018). Multiple regression analysis revealed that the minimal cross-sectional airway area at the velopharynx (VmCSA) (odds ratio [OR], 1.760; P = .019) and the sleep onset GGEMG (OR, 0.322; P = .043) were significant predictors for surgical outcomes. Combined the two predictors, the area under the ROC curve was 0.901 (OR, 0.789; P = .001) for surgical success, was more valuable than any one predictor. The area under the ROC curve with GGEMG was 0.843, VmCSA was 0.848. Conclusions The combination of sleep onset GGEMG and VmCSA can predict the outcome of velopharyngeal surgery in patients with OSA.


2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
O.O. Kryzhanivska

Relevance. In recent years, many have been devoted to the problem of the temporomandibular joint (TMJ) diseases, in which the attention is paid to the widespread pathology of TMJ in young people, which develops against the background of the genetically-determined weakness of connective tissue (CTs), which is also the present occurrence of various concomitant diseases of polygenic-multifactorial nature, including the organs of the urinary system (US). The study of the state of the iris is used as a screening technique that allows you to quickly, simply, harmlessly, informatively, painlessly, non-invasively diagnose the genetically determined structural and functional state and quality of the CTs. Objective. To investigate the iris changes in patients with TMJ and US diseases, to reveal the dependence of the occurrence of degenerative-dystrophic and destructive-inflammatory changes in the joints and US on the structural and functional state of the CTs, to supplement the known traditional methods of diagnosing genetically determined CTs weakness. Materials and methods. The study involved 54 patients (men – 14, women – 40), whose average age was 37.3±7.6 years, who were treated at the Dental Medical Center of the Bogomolets NMU. Control group – 22 patients (men – 10, women – 12) without general somatic pathology, with a physiological bite, without signs of TMJ diseases, whose average age was 25.7±6.8 years. Main group – 22 patients (men – 4, women – 28) with TMJ diseases and US pathology, whose average age was 31.6±7.7 years. Iridobiomicroscopy was performed in patients of both groups. Iridogenetic constitutional signs were determined: the color of eyes, constitutional type after E.S. Velkhover, type with the connective tissue weakness after I. Deck, the density of iris stoma. The obtained laboratory data were referenced in the International System of Units and processed by variational statistics using MedStat and EZR v.1.35 (Saitama Medical Center, Jichi Medical University, Saitama, Japan, 2017), which is a graphical interface to RFSC (The R Foundation for Statistical Computing, Vienna, Austria). Results. Among the examined patients with TMJ diseases and MVS pathology, 75% showed predominantly light eye color and V degree (46.9%) of iris stroma density, in the control group: dark iris color (54.5%) and II degree (68.2%) of iris density. Iridogenetic constitutional signs of the CT weakness in the patients with TMJ diseases have been determined: the light color of eyes, radial-lacunar constitutional type after E.S. Velkhover (75%), lymphatic constitutional type with the connective tissue weakness after I. Deck (57,9%). Structural local or chromatic changes of the iris stroma in the projection region of the kidney (75%) and bladder (43.6%) in young patients with TMJ diseases showed a congenital weakness of the CTs of these organs and a tendency to develop pathology of the US. Conclusions. Patients with degenerative-dystrophic and destructive-inflammatory diseases of the TMJ and concomitant US pathology are characterized by iridogenetic constitutional signs of the CTs weakness in the patients with TMJ diseases have been determined: the light color of eyes, radial-lacunar constitutional type after E.S. Velkhover, low degree of iris stroma density, lymphatic constitutional type with the connective tissue weakness after I. Deck. Structural local or chromatic changes of the iris stroma in the projection region of the kidney and bladder in young patients with TMJ diseases showed a congenital weakness of the CTs of these organs and a tendency to develop pathology of the US. It can be assumed that the development of TMJ diseases in young patients is based on dysplastic changes in the CTs system, which is additionally manifested in the examined patients by pathological changes in the US. Iridobiomicroscopy, as a screening technique for determining the structural and functional state of CTs, makes it possible to increase the accuracy of diagnostics when examining patients with TMJ diseases who have concomitant pathology of internal organs, including US.


2019 ◽  
Vol 162 (2) ◽  
pp. 255-260
Author(s):  
Di Zhao ◽  
Yanru Li ◽  
Yue Qu ◽  
Junbo Zhang ◽  
Xin Cao ◽  
...  

Objective The aim of this study was to evaluate the association between genioglossus activity during sleep onset and the outcome of uvulopalatopharyngoplasty (UPPP) in patients with obstructive sleep apnea. Study Design Case series with planned data collection. Setting Sleep medical center. Subjects and Methods Forty-four patients with obstructive sleep apnea underwent overnight polysomnography with synchronous genioglossus electromyography (GGEMG) with intraoral electrodes. In addition, all patients underwent revised UPPP with uvula preservation and were followed up with polysomnography at least 3 months after surgery. Results Twenty-five patients (56.8%) were responders. Multiple regression analysis revealed that increasing tonsil size (odds ratio [OR], 0.086; P = .038) and higher sleep-onset GGEMG (OR, 0.664; P = .04) were significant predictors for surgical success. The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve was 0.942 (OR, 0.040; P < .001) for those predictors, 0.884 for GGEMG, and 0.848 for tonsil size. Moreover, all patients were divided into 4 groups according to tonsil size and sleep-onset GGEMG. The success rate of patients with tonsil size III or IV and sleep-onset GGEMG >11.20% (maximal GGEMG) was optimal (92.9%, 13 of 14), while the success rate of patients with tonsil size I or II and sleep-onset GGEMG ≤11.20% was 0% (0 of 10). Conclusions Sleep-onset GGEMG and tonsil size are both important in deciding outcomes of UPPP. Patients with tonsil size III or IV and higher sleep onset may be more suitable candidates for UPPP because of the higher probability of surgical success.


2021 ◽  
pp. 019459982110587
Author(s):  
Courtney Johnson ◽  
Taylor Leavitt ◽  
Shiva P. Daram ◽  
Romaine F. Johnson ◽  
Ron B. Mitchell

Objectives To determine predictors of obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) in underweight children and to describe the demographic, clinical, and polysomnographic characteristics of an ethnically diverse population of underweight children with OSA. Study Design Case-control study. Setting University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center and Children’s Medical Center of Dallas Methods Underweight children aged 2 to 18 years who underwent a polysomnogram for suspected OSA between January 2014 and December 2020 were included. Underweight was defined as body mass index <5th percentile per Centers for Disease Control and Prevention guidelines. Children with apnea-hypopnea index <1.0 served as a control group. Univariate and multiple logistic regression analysis was used to determine the predictors of OSA. Significance was set at P < .05. Results An overall 124 children met inclusion criteria: mean age, 6.4 years; 50% female; 44% Hispanic, 31% African American, and 18% Caucasian. A total of 83 children had OSA (apnea-hypopnea index ≥1.0). Height was negatively correlated with OSA (odds ratio, 0.94; 95% CI, 0.88-0.99; P = .02) while allergic rhinitis (odds ratio, 2.97; 95% CI, 1.24-7.08; P = .01) and tonsillar hypertrophy (odds ratio, 3.38; 95% CI, 1.42-8.02; P = .01) were predictors for the presence of OSA. No demographic or clinical characteristics were predictors for severe OSA. Conclusion Underweight children with OSA, as compared with those without OSA, are more likely to have decreased height, tonsillar hypertrophy, and allergic rhinitis. There are no predictors of severe OSA in underweight children. We recommend polysomnography for the diagnosis of OSA in symptomatic underweight children with large tonsils, especially when they have a history of allergies.


Author(s):  
Dr.Randa Mohammed AboBaker

Postoperative Ileus (POI) is one of the most common problems after obstetrics, gynecologic and abdominal surgeries. Sham feeding, such as gum chewing, accelerates the return of bowel function and the length of hospital stay. The present study aims to evaluate the effect of chewing gum on bowel motility in women undergoing post-operative cesarean section. Intervention study was used at the Postpartum Department of Maternity and Children Hospital, KSA. A randomized controlled clinical trial research design. Through a convenience technique, 80 post Caesarian Section (CS) women were included in the study. Data were collected through three tools: Tool (I): Socio-demographic data and reproductive history interview schedule. Tool (II): Postoperative Assessment Sheet. Tool (III): Outcomes of gum chewing and the length of hospital stay.  Method: subjects were assigned randomly into two groups of (40) the experimental and (40) the control. Subjects in the study group were asked to chew two pieces of sugarless gum for 30 min/three times daily in the morning, noon, and evening immediately after recovery from anesthesia and in Postpartum Department; while subjects in the control group followed the hospital routine care. Each woman in both groups was tested abdominally using a stethoscope to auscultate the bowel sounds and asked to report immediately the time of either passing flatus or stool. Results: illustrated that a highly statistically significant difference was observed between the two groups concerning their gum chewing outcomes. Where, P = 0.000. The study concluded that gum chewing is safe, well tolerated and appears to be effective in reducing the incidence and consequences of POI following CS.


2019 ◽  
pp. 68-73
Author(s):  
Trong Nghia Nguyen ◽  
Thi Nhan Nguyen ◽  
Thi Dua Dao

Background: The metabolic syndrome is a constellation of cardiometabolic risk factors that tend to cluster together in affected individuals more often than predicted by chance. The presence of the metabolic syndrome substantially increases the risk of developing type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease, and is associated with a range of adverse clinical outcomes, many of which are closely associated with aging. Current estimates suggest that approximately 20 - 25% of the world’s population is affected by the metabolic syndrome. The prevalence of the metabolic syndrome rises with age and more than 45% of people aged over 60 years have the metabolic syndrome. Recent studies show that low vitamin D status is very common in the world and this is a risk factor of metabolic syndrome. Objective: (1) Plasma 25-hydroxyvitamin D concentration in subjects with metabolic syndrome. (2) Cut off value of plasma 25-hydroxyvitamin D concentration for predicting metabolic syndrome. Material and method: A cross-sectional study with control group on 318 adult subjects for health examinations at International Medical Center at Hue Central Hospital, including 139 subjects with metabolic syndrome and control group of 179 healthy subjects. Metabolic syndrome was defined according to the IDF, NHLBI, AHA, WHF, IAS, IASO (2009). Plasma hydroxyvitamin D concentration was measured using chemiluminescent microparticle immunoassay. Reciever operating characteristic (ROC) curve were generated to assess sensitivity and specificity for different cut off value of 25-hydroxyvitamin D concentration for predicting metabolic syndrome. Results: Plasma 25-hydroxyvitamin D concentration in subjects with metabolic syndrome was 26.4 ng/ml, incidence of plasma 25-hydroxyvitamin D deficiency (59.7%) was significantly higher than in control group (23.5%) (p < 0.001). The optimal cut off point for 25-OH-D concentration for predictor of metabolic syndrome as 26.4 ng/ml (AUC=0.657, sensitivity=53.4%, specificity=71.6%). Conclusion: In 139 subjects with metabolic syndrome, the plasma 25-hydroxyvitamin D concentration was 26.4 ng/ml and the incidence of 25-hydroxyvitamin D deficiency in the metabolic syndrome group was 59.7%. The optimal cut off point for plasma 25-hydroxyvitamin D concentration for predictor of metabolic syndrome as 26.4 ng/ml. Key words: Metabolic syndrome, 25-hydroxyvitamin D


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