scholarly journals Evaluation of Immunoglobulin-Y in Place of Tylosin Phosphate in the Diets Fed to Holstein Steers and Preliminary Analysis of Liver Abscess Duration on Animal Growth Performance

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Miranda K Stotz ◽  
Darren D Henry ◽  
Whitney L Crossland
Keyword(s):  
Growth Performance ◽  
Liver Abscess ◽  
Financial Burden ◽  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
Carcass Characteristics ◽  
Immunoglobulin Y ◽  
Liver Abscesses ◽  
Performance Reduction ◽  
Animal Growth ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Despite the regular use of feed-grade macrolide-antibiotics, bovine liver abscesses persist, representing a financial burden to pre- and post-mortem sectors of the beef industry. An immunoglobulin-Y (IGY) additive developed to target Fusobacterium necrophorum and Trueperella pyogenes, was evaluated for the control of liver abscesses. Research is needed for the impact of liver abscess severity as well as abscess duration on steer performance and carcass characteristics. Holstein steers (n=64; initial body weight (BW)=372.5±2.41 kg) consuming a finishing diet for 188 d were used in a completely randomized design where treatments included: TYL (tylosin phosphate 90 mg/day; n=32) or IGY (2.5 g/day; n=32) and steer was the experimental unit. Feed intake was recorded daily while BW and liver ultrasound outcome (normal or abnormal) was recorded every 28 d until slaughter to estimate duration of abscess presence (DUR). Continuous variables of animal growth performance and carcass characteristics were analyzed using the MIXED procedure of SAS. Categorical quality grade and liver data were analyzed using the GLIMMIX procedure of SAS. Treatment did not affect live or carcass-adjusted growth performance (P≥0.131). However, steers fed TYL had greater (P=0.042) empty body fat (EBF) % and a greater proportion of carcasses grading premium choice than steers fed IGY (P=0.030). Treatment did not affect prevalence of abscessed livers, abscess severity or estimated abscess duration (P≥0.213) but datasets with greater experimental units are needed to substantiate this outcome. Increasing abscess severity tended (P≤0.10) to linearly reduce carcass-adjusted gain to feed (G:F), fat thickness, and EBF. Carcass dressing % was only affected by severe (A+ and A+AD) abscess scores (P=0.010). Carcass-adjusted final BW, average daily gain, G:F, and hot carcass weight was decreased only when the estimated DUR was ≥140 d (P≤0.05). Carcass dressing %, however, was linearly affected by estimated liver abscess DUR (P≤ 0.005), regardless of abscess severity. Preliminary evidence suggests that measuring the duration of liver abscess affliction during the feeding period may also give insight to the degree of performance reduction.

250 Effects of Bunk Management and Bulk Density of Steam-flaked Corn on Growth Performance, Carcass Characteristics, and Liver Score of Finishing Beef Cattle Fed Diets Without Tylosin Phosphate

2021 ◽  
Vol 99 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. 127-128
Author(s):  
Taylor M Smock ◽  
Dale Woerner ◽  
Kristin E Hales
Keyword(s):  
Growth Performance ◽  
Bulk Density ◽  
Fixed Effects ◽  
Management Strategy ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
Random Effect ◽  
Carcass Characteristics ◽  
Liver Abscesses ◽  
Randomized Complete Block Design

Abstract One hundred ninety-two beef steers (BW = 332 ± 8.2 kg) were used in a randomized complete block design to evaluate the effects of differing bunk management and bulk density of steam-flaked corn (SFC) in a randomized complete block design. A factorial arrangement of treatments was used with: 1) slick bunk management (SBM) + 335 g/L SFC; 2) modified ad libitum bunk management (MAL) + 335 g/L SFC; 3) SBM + 425 g/L SFC; 4) MAL+ 425 g/L SFC. Steers were randomly assigned to treatment within BW block, with 12 pen replications per treatment. Data were analyzed using a mixed model with fixed effects of bunk management, SFC bulk density, and their interaction. Block was included as a random effect. Bunk management strategy did not affect growth performance, carcass characteristics, or liver abscess score (P > 0.10). The average daily gain (ADG) of steers fed 425 g/L SFC was greater (P = 0.05) from days 35 to 105 than those fed 335 g/L SFC; however, overall ADG did not differ (P = 0.36). The DMI of steers fed 425 g/L SFC was greater (P ≤ 0.05) than those fed 335 g/L SFC. Gain-to-feed of steers fed 425 g/L SFC tended (P = 0.10) to be lesser from days 0 to 35 but did not differ overall (P ≥ 0.12). Steers fed 425 g/L SFC tended to have greater backfat and calculated empty body fat (P ≤ 0.07) than those fed 335 g/L SFC and had a greater calculated yield grade (P = 0.05). Steers fed 425 g/L SFC had 43.51% fewer (P = 0.04) liver abscesses. Bunk management strategy did not impact growth performance or carcass characteristics; whereas, SFC processed to 425 g/L increased DMI, fat thickness, and yield grade while resulting in a decreased proportion of liver abscesses.

scholarly journals Effect of oscillating feeding time and corn processing on performance and carcass characteristics of feedlot steers

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 974-979
Author(s):  
Alejandro E Relling ◽  
David Douglas Clevenger ◽  
Francis L Fluharty
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Growth Performance ◽  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
Carcass Characteristics ◽  
Feedlot Cattle ◽  
Feeding Time ◽  
Marbling Score ◽  
Similar Time ◽  
Corn Processing ◽  
Animal Growth

Abstract The objectives of this experiment were to evaluate the effect of oscillating feeding time (OFT) and corn processing (CoP) on performance and carcass characteristics of feedlot cattle. One hundred sixty-five steers (initial body weight [BW] 277.2 ± 27.80 kg) were blocked by initial BW and allotted to 24 pens. Pens within each block were randomly assigned based on a 2 × 2 factorial arrangement of treatments. The two factors were CoP (whole shelled corn vs. ground corn [GC]) and feeding time (FT) (constant FT vs. 2 hours OFT). Animals were fed the same diet, only changing the CoP method depending on the treatment. Feed offered and feed refusals were collected daily. Body weight was collected at starting day of the experiment (d1) and every 28 d until the end of the experiment. At the end of the experiment, animals were harvested in a commercial slaughter facility, and carcass data were collected by a USDA grader. Animal growth performance and carcass characteristics data were analyzed with the PROC Mixed procedure (SAS) using CoP, FT, and their interaction as fixed variables; and treatments × pen within each block and block were considered random variables. There was no CoP by FT interaction differences (P > 0.10) on animal growth performance variables, nor on hot carcass weight, back fat, rib eye area, or the percentage of kidney, pelvic, and heart fat. There was a tendency for an interaction (P = 0.08) for marbling score, where the steers from the GC processing fed on the oscillating time had a lesser marbling score than the other three treatments. Oscillating feeding time improved (P = 0.05) average daily gain; but did not affect (P ≥ 0.11) dry matter intake (DMI), nor carcass characteristics compared with feeding at a similar time every day. There were no effects (P ≥ 0.11) of CoP on growth performance, nor carcass characteristics. In conclusion, a 2-hour oscillation in FT might not decrease steer feedlot performance. This may be due to the high degree of control of DMI with feed bunk management.

scholarly journals 140 Influence of Enogen Feed Corn and Conventional Yellow Dent Corn in Pelleted or Meal-based Diets on Finishing Pig Performance and Carcass Characteristics

2021 ◽  
Vol 99 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. 71-71
Author(s):  
Hadley Williams ◽  
Mike D Tokach ◽  
Jason C Woodworth ◽  
Robert D Goodband ◽  
Joel M DeRouchey ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Growth Performance ◽  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
Carcass Characteristics ◽  
Starch Gelatinization ◽  
Dent Corn ◽  
Conditioning Temperature ◽  
Finishing Pig ◽  
Pig Performance ◽  
Pellet Form ◽  
Main Effects

Abstract Previous research has indicated that starch gelatinization during the pelleting process is greater for Enogen® Feed corn compared to conventional yellow dent corn. Increasing starch gelatinization in the pellet increases the starch digestibility in the pig, which potentially leads to increased growth rate. Therefore, the objective of this study was to determine the effects of feeding Enogen Feed corn in meal or pellet form on finishing pig growth performance and carcass characteristics. A total of 288 pigs (53.0 ± 0.5 kg) were used with 8 pigs/pen and 9 pens/treatment in a 72-d study. Treatments were arranged in a 2×2 factorial with main effects of corn source (Enogen Feed corn or conventional yellow dent corn) and diet form (meal or pellet). Main effects of corn source and diet form as well as their interactions were tested. Pelleting parameters were established with a target conditioner temperature of 82.2°C and corn moisture of 13 to 14%. When pelleting the diets, the conditioning temperature for conventional yellow dent corn averaged 68.4°C and Enogen Feed corn averaged 67.7°C. The hot pellet temperature for conventional yellow dent corn averaged 75.1°C and 75.8°C for Enogen feed corn. For overall performance (d 0 to 72), no interactions between corn source and diet form were observed (P > 0.05). There was a tendency (P < 0.10) for slightly improved average daily gain (ADG) and gain:feed ratio (G:F) for pigs fed conventional yellow dent corn compared to those fed Enogen Feed corn. Pigs fed pelleted diets had increased (P < 0.001) ADG, G:F, and hot carcass weight compared to pigs fed meal diets. In summary, feeding pelleted diets to finishing pigs increased ADG and G:F compared to those fed meal-based diets. There were no major differences observed between corn sources or interactions between corn source and diet form on growth performance.

scholarly journals Impact of a phytogenic feed additive on growth performance, feed intake, and carcass traits of finishing steers

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (4) ◽  
pp. 1162-1172
Author(s):  
Tassilo Brand ◽  
Martin Hünerberg ◽  
Tim A McAllister ◽  
Maolong He ◽  
Atef M Saleem ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Growth Performance ◽  
Feed Intake ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
Carcass Traits ◽  
Feed Additive ◽  
Muscle Area ◽  
Mineral Supplement ◽  
Liver Abscesses ◽  
Finishing Steers

Abstact: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of a phytogenic feed additive (Digestarom [DA]; Biomin, Getzersdorf, Austria) on growth performance, feed intake, carcass traits, fatty acid composition, and liver abscesses of finishing steers. One hundred twenty Angus × Charolais crossbred steers (488 ± 26.5 kg) were used in a 110-d feeding experiment. Steers were blocked by weight and randomly assigned to 12 pens with 10 steers per pen. Each pen was allocated to one of three diets. Each diet contained 86.5% barley, 10.0% barley silage, and 3.5% vitamin and mineral supplement on a dry matter (DM) basis. The diets contained 0, 0.05, and 0.1 g DA/kg complete diet (DM basis), to achieve average daily DA intakes of 0 (control), 0.5 (LowDA), and 1.0 g (HighDA) per steer. Diets were prepared once daily and provided ad libitum. Two pens per treatment were equipped to record individual feed intake behavior. Steers were weighed every 28 d and carcass traits and liver scores were recorded at slaughter. Dry matter intake (average: 9.34 kg/d) did not differ (P > 0.05) among diets. Average daily gain tended to increase linearly as DA increased (control: 1.82; LowDA: 1.87; and HighDA: 1.95 kg/d; P < 0.09), but gain:feed ratio was not affected. Supplementation of DA affected longissimus muscle area quadratically (P = 0.05) with the largest area observed for LowDA. However, dressing percentage decreased linearly in response to increasing level of DA (P < 0.01). Total abscessed livers were not affected, whereas proportion of severe liver abscesses was numerically lower with DA (30.8% and 42.5% for LowDA and HighDA) compared to the control (50%).

scholarly journals Effects of coated and noncoated steroidal implants on growth performance, carcass characteristics, and serum estradiol-17β concentrations of finishing Holstein steers

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Pedro H V Carvalho ◽  
Mariana F Westphalen ◽  
Jonathan A Campbell ◽  
Tara L Felix
Keyword(s):  
Growth Performance ◽  
Animal Health ◽  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
Carcass Characteristics ◽  
Feed Ratio ◽  
Serum Estradiol ◽  
Trenbolone Acetate ◽  
Coated Implant ◽  
Daily Gain ◽  
Estradiol 17Β

Abstract The objectives of the study were to determine the effect of coated or noncoated hormone implants on growth performance, carcass characteristics, and serum estradiol-17β (E2) concentrations of Holstein steers fed a grain-based diet for 112 d. Seventy-nine Holstein steers [average initial body weight (BW) = 452 ± 5.5 kg] were stratified by BW and allotted to one of two treatments: 1) Holstein steers implanted with a coated implant containing 200 mg of trenbolone acetate (TBA) and 40 mg E2 (Revalor-XS (Merck Animal Health; Summit, NJ)] on day 0 (XS) or 2) Holstein steers implanted two times (days 0 and 56) with a noncoated implant containing 80 mg of TBA and 16 mg of E2 [(2IS) Revalor-IS (Merck Animal Health)]. Data were analyzed using the MIXED procedure of SAS (SAS Inst. Inc., Cary, NC). There was no effect (P ≥ 0.71) of implant strategy on initial, middle, and final BW. No effect (P ≥ 0.12) of implant strategy was observed on average daily gain, dry matter intake, or gain-to-feed ratio. There were no effects (P ≥ 0.11) of implant strategy on carcass characteristics. There was an implant × day interaction (P < 0.01) for the circulation of serum E2 concentrations. Serum E2 concentration increased similarly 14 d after Holstein steers were implanted, regardless of implant strategy. At 28 d, after steers were implanted, steers in the XS group had less serum E2 concentration than Holstein steers in the 2IS group. However, at 56 d after the first implantation, both groups, once again, had similar serum E2 concentrations and E2 concentrations were less on day 56 than day 28 for both strategies. Holstein steers implanted with 2IS had greater serum E2 concentration on day 70 and E2 concentrations remained greater than serum E2 of Holstein steers implanted XS for the duration of the trial (day 112). In summary, there was no effect of coated or two doses of noncoated implant on growth performance or carcass characteristics of Holstein steers.

scholarly journals The Impact of Selection using Residual Average Daily Gain and Marbling EPDs on Growth Performance and Carcass Traits in Angus Steers

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
T. R. Krause ◽  
E. R. Moore ◽  
J. Duggin ◽  
J. R. Segers ◽  
T. D. Pringle
Keyword(s):  
Growth Performance ◽  
Feed Efficiency ◽  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
Backfat Thickness ◽  
Feeding Trial ◽  
Body Weights ◽  
Selection For ◽  
Carcass Merit ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Daily Gain

ObjectivesProfitability in the beef industry has narrow margins regulated by revenue from output traits like growth and carcass merit, but profitability is also largely impacted by input expenses like feed costs. Selecting for improvements in feed efficiency during the finishing phase, one of the most feed intensive segments of the industry, can help to mitigate those input costs. This study compared growth performance, feed efficiency, body composition, and carcass characteristics in Angus steers (n = 321) from bulls divergently selected for feed efficiency and marbling.Materials and MethodsAngus sires were selected based on high (10th percentile or better) and low (85th percentile or worse) residual average daily gain (RADG) EPD as well as high (fifth percentile or better) and average (near 50th percentile) marbling (MARB) EPD. These criteria resulted in a 2 × 2 factorial design with four breeding lines: high RADG/high MARB, high RADG/average MARB, low RADG/high MARB, low RADG/average MARB. Data were analyzed using MIXED procedures of SAS with RADG and MARB as main effects. Significance was set at α = 0.05. Generation was also analyzed, where generation one (GEN1) steers were from a selected sire while generation two (GEN2) steers were from a selected sire and a selected dam.ResultsUltrasound and carcass data revealed no differences (P ≥ 0.12) in 12th rib backfat thickness from weaning through slaughter for the RADG EPD groups. Yield grade and dressing percent did not differ (P ≥ 0.56) across RADG or MARB groups. At the beginning and end of the feeding trial, the high RADG (P ≤ 0.02) group had larger ultrasound ribeye area (REA) than the low RADG group. Carcass REA tended (P = 0.08) to be larger in the high versus low RADG steers. During the feedlot trial and through slaughter, body weight was heavier (P ≤ 0.006) for the high versus low RADG steers but did not differ (P ≥ 0.44) across MARB EPD. Feed efficiency measures did not differ (P ≥ 0.32) across RADG or MARB groups apart from the tendency (P = 0.08) for residual feed intake to be lower in the high versus low RADG steers. Marbling scores differed (P ≤ 0.04) across RADG and MARB groups with the low RADG steers and the high MARB steers having improved marbling. The quality grade distribution across MARB EPD revealed that the average MARB steers graded 73% Choice and 25% Prime while the high MARB steers graded 56% and 42%, respectively. Slice shear force did not differ (P ≥ 0.32) across RADG or MARB EPD. Body weights tended (P = 0.06) to be heavier at the start of the feeding trial for GEN1 versus GEN2 steers. Total gain, average daily gain, and feed to gain (F:G) differed by generation (P ≤ 0.007) with increased rates of gain and reduced F:G in the GEN2 versus GEN1 steers. Body weights did not differ (P = 0.72) across GEN at the end of the feeding trial. Backfat thickness at the start and end of the feedlot phase was less (P ≤ 0.03) and marbling score was improved (P = 0.02) in the GEN2 versus GEN1 steers, respectively.ConclusionThese results suggest that selection using RADG EPD has negligible impacts on meat quality; and that progress in selection for efficiency can be achieved while advancing carcass quality and value. Furthermore, continued divergent selection for feed efficiency and marbling has the potential to improve feed efficiency through advancements in the rate of gain, while enhancing carcass merit through marbling.

scholarly journals Effects of restricted feeding and re-alimentation of dietary protein or energy on compensatory growth of sheep

1970 ◽  
Vol 47 (3) ◽  
pp. 389-396
Author(s):  
W. Addah ◽  
A. Ayantunde ◽  
E.K. Okine
Keyword(s):  
Growth Performance ◽  
Dietary Protein ◽  
Feed Efficiency ◽  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
Carcass Characteristics ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Utilization Efficiency ◽  
Eating Quality ◽  
Nutrient Utilization Efficiency ◽  
Daily Gain

The study investigated the effects of re-alimenting dietary protein or energy on growth, carcass characteristics and meat eating quality parameters of sheep. Twenty-seven intact rams (~9 months; 11.3 ± 0.5 kg) were randomly divided into three groups. Each group was fed a maintenance diet (MT) containing, on dry matter (DM) basis, 105 g/kg crude protein (CP) and 8.4 MJ/kg DM metabolizable energy (ME) for 30 days. Thereafter, they were continually fed the same MT or re-alimented with a high protein diet (HP) containing 169 g/kg DM CP and 9.3 MJ/kg ME or a high energy diet (HE) containing 123 g/kg DM CP and 10.6 MJ/kg ME for an additional 30 days to determine the effects of re-alimentation of protein or energy on their growth performance and carcass characteristics. During the initial 30-day period, DM intake (DMI) and growth performance were similar among the three groups. However, upon re-alimentation, average daily gain (ADG) and feed efficiency of sheep re-alimented with HP were greater than those maintained continually on MT or re-alimented with HE. Sheep on HP had higher feed efficiency, ADG and heavier carcasses than those fed MT or re-alimented with HE during the whole 60-day period. Growth of most viscera was less responsive to the restriction-re-alimentation feeding regimen except for the weights of the lungs, heart and intestines. Meat from sheep re-alimented with HE had a more intense ‘sheepy’ flavour than those fed MT or re-alimented with HP, but juiciness and tenderness were not affected. The higher ADG of sheep re-alimented with protein may be related more to enhanced efficiency of feed utilization than to higher DMI.Keywords: average daily gain, feed restriction, nutrient utilization efficiency, visceral organs

scholarly journals PSIII-13 Preliminary assessment of the impact of liver abscess presence on stress-related physiological parameters associated with well-being in feedlot cattle

2019 ◽  
Vol 97 (Supplement_3) ◽  
pp. 188-189
Author(s):  
Faith Baier ◽  
Temple Grandin ◽  
Terry Engle ◽  
Lily Edwards-Callaway
Keyword(s):  
Infrared Thermography ◽  
Liver Abscess ◽  
Serum Cortisol ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Feedlot Cattle ◽  
Infrared Analysis ◽  
Hair Cortisol ◽  
Liver Abscesses ◽  
Hair Samples ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Liver abscesses can affect cattle performance, though the impact on well-being is relatively unknown. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the relationship between liver abscess presence and stress-related parameters in feedlot cattle. Three hundred and sixty-three feedlot steers (675 ± 2.3 kg) that were enrolled in a nutrition feeding experiment were allocated to one of three groups based on the liver abscess score assigned after slaughter. The liver abscess scoring groups were: no liver abscess presence (NLA; n = 316); mild liver abscess presence (MLA; n = 21) and severe liver abscess presence (SLA; n = 24). Two animals were unable to be assigned liver abscess scores. Two days prior to slaughter, at the time of weighing, hair samples were collected from the right rump of each animal and analyzed for cortisol concentrations. Additionally, during restraint, infrared thermography was used to quantify eye temperatures and a mobility score was assigned to each animal upon chute exit. During slaughter, exsanguination blood was collected from 115 of the 363 animals and analyzed for serum cortisol concentrations. Cattle were blocked by nutrition feeding treatments and data were analyzed using analyses of variance to determine differences in outcome variables between liver abscess score groups. All animals were included in the infrared analysis and 115 animals were included in the serum and hair cortisol analyses. Infrared thermography (P = 0.55), hair cortisol (P = 0.96), and serum cortisol (P = 0.21) were similar across all liver abscess scores. All animals exhibited normal mobility, thus these values were not included in the analysis. The data indicate that under the conditions of this experiment, liver abscesses did not impact measured stress-related outcomes. Additional research is necessary to understand the impact of liver abscess presence on other stress-related parameters associated with well-being in cattle.

scholarly journals Effect of corn processing on growth performance, carcass characteristics, and plasma glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide and metabolite concentrations in feedlot cattle1

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 822-830 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tiago B Freitas ◽  
Tara L Felix ◽  
Wayne Shriver ◽  
Francis L Fluharty ◽  
Alejandro E Relling
Keyword(s):  
Growth Performance ◽  
Random Effects ◽  
Plasma Glucose ◽  
Fixed Effects ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
Carcass Characteristics ◽  
Fat Deposition ◽  
Metabolite Concentrations ◽  
Corn Processing

Abstract The objectives of this trial were to evaluate the association between corn processing, glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (GIP) concentration, and intramuscular (IM) fat deposition. We hypothesized that steers fed whole shelled corn (WSC) would have a greater IM fat deposition than steers fed cracked corn (CC) due to an increase in plasma GIP concentration. Backgrounded, Angus-cross cattle (initial body weight [BW] = 279 ± 9.8 kg) were used in a randomized complete block design in a feedlot setting for an average of 230 d. Cattle were allotted in 12 pens (6 pens per treatment with 8 animals per pen). There were three blocks: heifers (n = 32, initial BW = 265 ± 1.3 kg), small steers (n = 32, initial BW = 262 ± 1.3 kg), and large steers (n = 32, initial BW = 310 ± 1.4 kg). Two pens within each block were randomly assigned to one of the following treatments: 1) CC or 2) WSC. Animal growth performance, carcass characteristics, and plasma hormone and metabolite concentrations were analyzed using the MIXED procedure of SAS, including the fixed effects of treatment, or treatment, time, and their interaction. Pen and block were included as random effects. Carcass yield and quality grade distributions were compared using the GLIMMIX procedure of SAS. including the fixed effects of treatment and time with pen and block as random effects. Linear regression was used to evaluate the association of plasma GIP concentration and IM fat content. Average daily gain (P = 0.57) and final BW (P = 0.34) were similar, regardless of treatment. Cattle fed CC had reduced (P < 0.01) dry matter intake (DMI) when compared with those fed WSC. This lesser DMI resulted in improved gain:feed ratio (P < 0.01) for cattle fed CC compared with cattle fed WSC. There was no effect (P ≤ 0.33) of corn processing on plasma glucose, plasma GIP concentrations, hot carcass weight, dressing percentage, or marbling score. There was a positive linear relationship (P = 0.03) between IM fat concentration and plasma GIP concentration. In conclusion, feeding CC increased gain:feed ratio compared with WSC, but there was no difference in plasma GIP concentration, whereas plasma GIP concentration appears to be related to IM fat deposition.

scholarly journals Use of barley or corn silage when fed with barley, corn, or a blend of barley and corn on growth performance, nutrient utilization, and carcass characteristics of finishing beef cattle

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 129-140 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jordan A Johnson ◽  
Brittney D Sutherland ◽  
John J McKinnon ◽  
Tim A McAllister ◽  
Gregory B Penner
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Beef Cattle ◽  
Growth Performance ◽  
Carcass Characteristics ◽  
Corn Silage ◽  
Neutral Detergent Fiber ◽  
Feed Ratio ◽  
Final Body Weight ◽  
Liver Abscesses ◽  
Finishing Beef Cattle

Abstract The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of the source of silage, cereal grain, and their interaction on growth performance, digestibility, and carcass characteristics of finishing beef cattle. Using a completely randomized design within an 89-d finishing study, 288 steers were randomly assigned to 1 of 24 pens (12 steers/pen) with average steer body weight (BW) within a pen of 464 kg ± 1.7 kg (mean ± SD). Diets were arranged in a 2 × 3 factorial with corn silage (CS) or barley silage (BS) included at 8% (dry matter [DM] basis). Within each silage source, diets contained dry-rolled barley grain (BG; 86% of DM), dry-rolled corn grain (CG; 85% of DM), or an equal blend of BG and CG (BCG; 85% of DM). Total tract digestibility of nutrients was estimated from fecal samples using near-infrared spectroscopy. Data were analyzed with pen as the experimental unit using the Mixed Model of SAS with the fixed effects of silage, grain, and the two-way interaction. Carcass and fecal kernel data were analyzed using GLIMMIX utilizing the same model. There were no interactions detected between silage and grain source. Feeding CG increased (P < 0.01) DM intake by 0.8 and 0.6 kg/d relative to BG and BCG, respectively. Gain-to-feed ratio was greater (P = 0.04) for BG (0.172 kg/kg) than CG (0.162 kg/kg) but did not differ from BCG (0.165 kg/kg). Furthermore, average daily gain (2.07 kg/d) and final body weight did not differ among treatments (P ≥ 0.25). Hot carcass weight (HCW) was 6.2 kg greater (372.2 vs. 366.0 kg; P < 0.01) and dressing percentage was 0.57 percentage units greater (59.53 vs. 58.96 %; P = 0.04) for steers fed CS than BS, respectively. There was no effect of dietary treatment on the severity of liver abscesses (P ≥ 0.20) with 72.0% of carcasses having clear livers, 24.4% with minor liver abscesses, and 3.6% with severe liver abscesses. Digestibility of DM, organic matter, crude protein, neutral detergent fiber, and starch were greater for BG (P < 0.01) than CG or BCG. As expected, grain source affected the appearance of grain kernels in the feces (P ≤ 0.04). Feeding CS silage increased the appearance of fractured corn kernels (P = 0.04), while feeding BS increased fiber appearance in the feces (P = 0.02). Current results indicate that when dry rolled, feeding BG resulted in improved performance and digestibility compared with CG and BCG. Even at low inclusion levels (8% of DM), CS resulted in improved carcass characteristics relative to BS.

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