Carruthers, Prof. Ian Douglas, (30 Aug. 1938–24 May 1996), Professor of Agrarian Development, Wye College, University of London, since 1984; Director, Wye External Programme, since 1988

1970 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 116-119
Author(s):  
J. N. Lewis

In this little book, the second in a series of Agrarian Development Studies, issued by the Economics Department of Wye College, the author draws upon four years' experience with the consultants to the Water and Power Development Authority in West Pakistan to review the main technical and economic factors to be considered in planning irrigation development. The first chapter describes, in general terms, some of the basic relation¬ships between crop growth and water and drainage conditions. The author warns that in arid areas water tends to be regarded as a unique resource. Assigning supreme priorities to single resources can be very damaging to economic development since mere technical feasibility is regarded as justifying irrigation projects, regardless of whether they are economically justified.


2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Hassan Mad

Hassan Mad serves as the Secretary General of the Malay Consultative Council (Majlis Perundangan Melayu) and Adjunct Professor of the Malay Institute of Thought and Leadership (Insitut Pemikiran & Kepimpunan Melayu), Universiti Teknologi MARA. He obtained his PhD (Pomology) from Wye College, University of London in 1983.


2014 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 139
Author(s):  
Nailsa Maria Souza Araújo ◽  
Ana Régia Santos Oliveira ◽  
Jailson Ramos Messias ◽  
Anny Robertta Santos Oliveira ◽  
Iris Karine Dos Santos Silva

O presente artigo apresenta os dados parciais da pesquisa intitulada Mapeamento do financiamento das políticas públicas de trabalho dirigidas aos pescadores artesanais e pequenos produtores rurais no Brasil, desenvolvida no âmbito do PIBIC/CNPq/UFS. Os dados coletados foram obtidos através de sites e pesquisa bibliográfica. Na disputa pela destinação do fundo público, e observando seus resultados, constata que estes refletem na distribuição orçamentária dos recursos entre setores, áreas, políticas específicas, reconhecendo, assim, o direcionamento político-estratégico da intervenção estatal. Conclui que, especificamente no caso dos três ministérios pesquisados (Ministério da Pesca, Ministério do Desenvolvimento Agrário e Ministério do Meio Ambiente), eles não são prioridade nos governos Lula e Rousseff. Seus orçamentos são pífios, recebendo pouquíssima dotação no período estudado.Palavras-chave: Orçamento público; fundo público; financiamento; políticas públicasTHE PLACE OF ENVIRONMENTAL POLICIES, AGRICULTURE AND FISHERIES IN THE FEDERAL BUDGETAbstract: This paper presents preliminary data from a survey entitled "mapping the financing of public policies directed atjob artisanal fishers and small rural producers in Brazil", developed under PIBIC/CNPq/UFS. Data were obtained throughwebsites and bibliographic research. The dispute over the allocation of public funds and observing their results, which arereflected in the budgetary allocation of resources between sectors, areas, specific policies, one can recognize the politicaland strategic direction of state intervention. Specifically in the case of the three surveyed ministries (Ministry of Fisheries, Ministry of Agrarian Development and the Mystery of the Environment), it was shown that they are not a priority ingovernments Lula and Rousself. Their budgets are meager, receiving very little provision in the period studied.Keywords: Public budget, public fund, financing, public policies.


1988 ◽  
Vol 21 (4) ◽  
pp. 315-349 ◽  
Author(s):  
Edgar Melton

For over a century now, scholars have viewed the divergent paths of agrarian development east and west of the Elbe river as a watershed in German history. In the west, according to this view, peasants from the late Middle Ages on enjoyed increasing freedom from direct seigniorial interference in their social, economic, and judicial affairs. Seigniorial obligations (often commuted to cash rents) remained, as did a degree of seigniorial control over peasant lands in many regions, but peasants west of the Elbe increasingly shed the more onerous seigniorial obligations, and could generally move without the lord's permission.


threatening the rest of the private sector, was especially conducive to this solution. None the less, the experience of post-reform agriculture in a number of socialist countries indicates that this is in practice the best way of articulating such disparate forms of production. Third, that the process of capitalist agricultural development does generate a large proletariat, even though it is disguised in the form of impoverished peasantry. This means that the agrarian reform can proceed in socialised production forms in the 'capitalist' sector without direct peasant owner-ship of land. It is true that in the Nicaraguan case, the relatively high land endowment per head reduced this pressure, but it is also important not to overestimate the 'peasant' nature of agriculture in Latin America [Goodman andRedclift, 1981], because this tends to lead to agrarian reform proposals which ignore the inevitable role of agriculture as the base of the national accumulation model in almost all underdeveloped economies in transition. Fourth, that in the case of Nicaragua, this logic has probably been carried too far. In implementing a project to eliminate the exploitative relation-ship between capitalist export agriculture and the peasantry (cheap labour and cheap food) by establishing a stable rural proletariat and secure food supplies, the revolutionary state has effectively undermined the remaining peasant economy without providing a coherent alternative. This has produced a new contradiction in the agrarian development model proposed for the rest of the century, when the revolution not only depends upon the mountain peasantry for defence against external aggression but also for food supplies during the transitional accumulation period. A successful agrarian accumulation model, above all during the tran-sition, must provide for an adequate articulation of distinct forms of pro-duction as part of the process of rural transformation.


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