scholarly journals Transcriptome Profiling Data of Botrytis cinerea Infection on Whole Plant Solanum lycopersicum

2020 ◽  
Vol 33 (9) ◽  
pp. 1103-1107 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dhruv Aditya Srivastava ◽  
Gulab Chand Arya ◽  
Eswari PJ Pandaranayaka ◽  
Ekaterina Manasherova ◽  
Dov B. Prusky ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Botrytis Cinerea ◽  
Solanum Lycopersicum ◽  
Model Organism ◽  
Transcriptome Profiling ◽  
Infection Process ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Fungal Host ◽  
Host Interactions ◽  
Whole Plant ◽  
Gene Count

Botrytis cinerea is a foliar necrotrophic fungal-pathogen capable of infecting >580 genera of plants, is often used as model organism for studying fungal-host interactions. We used RNAseq to study transcriptome of B. cinerea infection on a major (worldwide) vegetable crop, tomato (Solanum lycopersicum). Most previous works explored only few infection stages, using RNA extracted from entire leaf-organ diluting the expression of studied infected region. Many studied B. cinerea infection, on detached organs assuming that similar defense/physiological reactions occurs in the intact plant. We analyzed transcriptome of the pathogen and host in 5 infection stages of whole-plant leaves at the infection site. We supply high quality, pathogen-enriched gene count that facilitates future research of the molecular processes regulating the infection process.

Infection Process of Botrytis cinerea on Eucalypt Leaves

2014 ◽  
Vol 163 (7-8) ◽  
pp. 604-611 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nilmara P. Caires ◽  
Fabrício A. Rodrigues ◽  
Gleiber Q. Furtado
Keyword(s):  
Botrytis Cinerea ◽  
Infection Process

Research Advances in Potyviruses: From the Laboratory Bench to the Field

2021 ◽  
Vol 59 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiuling Yang ◽  
Yinzi Li ◽  
Aiming Wang
Keyword(s):  
Control Strategies ◽  
Genetic Resistance ◽  
Plant Viruses ◽  
Infection Process ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Annual Review ◽  
Publication Date ◽  
Viral Pathogens ◽  
Genome Expression ◽  
Amount Of Knowledge

Potyviruses (viruses in the genus Potyvirus, family Potyviridae) constitute the largest group of known plant-infecting RNA viruses and include many agriculturally important viruses that cause devastating epidemics and significant yield losses in many crops worldwide. Several potyviruses are recognized as the most economically important viral pathogens. Therefore, potyviruses are more studied than other groups of plant viruses. In the past decade, a large amount of knowledge has been generated to better understand potyviruses and their infection process. In this review, we list the top 10 economically important potyviruses and present a brief profile of each. We highlight recent exciting findings on the novel genome expression strategy and the biological functions of potyviral proteins and discuss recent advances in molecular plant–potyvirus interactions, particularly regarding the coevolutionary arms race. Finally, we summarize current disease control strategies, with a focus on biotechnology-based genetic resistance, and point out future research directions. Expected final online publication date for the Annual Review of Phytopathology, Volume 59 is August 2021. Please see http://www.annualreviews.org/page/journal/pubdates for revised estimates.

scholarly journals Metabolomic Evaluation of Ralstonia solanacearum Cold Shock Protein Peptide (csp22)-Induced Responses in Solanum lycopersicum

2022 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dylan R. Zeiss ◽  
Paul A. Steenkamp ◽  
Lizelle A. Piater ◽  
Ian A. Dubery
Keyword(s):  
Solanum Lycopersicum ◽  
Bacterial Wilt ◽  
Ralstonia Solanacearum ◽  
Plant Pathogens ◽  
Cold Shock ◽  
Phenylpropanoid Pathway ◽  
Infection Process ◽  
Cold Shock Protein ◽  
Pre Treatment ◽  
Molecular Patterns

Ralstonia solanacearum, the causal agent of bacterial wilt, is one of the most destructive bacterial plant pathogens. This is linked to its evolutionary adaptation to evade host surveillance during the infection process since many of the pathogen’s associated molecular patterns escape recognition. However, a 22-amino acid sequence of R. solanacearum-derived cold shock protein (csp22) was discovered to elicit an immune response in the Solanaceae. Using untargeted metabolomics, the effects of csp22-elicitation on the metabolome of Solanum lycopersicum leaves were investigated. Additionally, the study set out to discover trends that may suggest that csp22 inoculation bestows enhanced resistance on tomato against bacterial wilt. Results revealed the redirection of metabolism toward the phenylpropanoid pathway and sub-branches thereof. Compared to the host response with live bacteria, csp22 induced a subset of the discriminant metabolites, but also metabolites not induced in response to R. solanacearum. Here, a spectrum of hydroxycinnamic acids (especially ferulic acid), their conjugates and derivatives predominated as signatory biomarkers. From a metabolomics perspective, the results support claims that csp22 pre-treatment of tomato plants elicits increased resistance to R. solanacearum infection and contribute to knowledge on plant immune systems operation at an integrative level. The functional significance of these specialized compounds may thus support a heightened state of defense that can be applied to ward off attacking pathogens or toward priming of defense against future infections.

scholarly journals The C. elegans Hypertonic Stress Response: Big Insights from Shrinking Worms

2020 ◽  
Vol 55 (S1) ◽  
pp. 89-105
Keyword(s):  
Stress Response ◽  
Cell Volume ◽  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Model Organism ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Transcriptional Level ◽  
Molecular Signaling ◽  
Hypertonic Stress ◽  
Macromolecular Assemblies ◽  
C Elegans

Cell volume is one of the most aggressively defended physiological set points in biology. Changes in intracellular ion and water concentrations, which are induced by changes in metabolism or environmental exposures, disrupt protein folding, enzymatic activity, and macromolecular assemblies. To counter these challenges, cells and organisms have evolved multifaceted, evolutionarily conserved molecular mechanisms to restore cell volume and repair stress induced damage. However, many unanswered questions remain regarding the nature of cell volume 'sensing' as well as the molecular signaling pathways involved in activating physiological response mechanisms. Unbiased genetic screening in the model organism C. elegans is providing new and unexpected insights into these questions, particularly questions relating to the hypertonic stress response (HTSR) pathway. One surprising characteristic of the HTSR pathway in C. elegans is that it is under strong negative regulation by proteins involved in protein homeostasis and the extracellular matrix (ECM). The role of the ECM in particular highlights the importance of studying the HTSR in the context of a live organism where native ECM-tissue associations are preserved. A second novel and recently discovered characteristic is that the HTSR is regulated at the post-transcriptional level. The goal of this review is to describe these discoveries, to provide context for their implications, and to raise outstanding questions to guide future research.

scholarly journals Dynamic proteomics of HSV1 infection reveals molecular events that govern non-stochastic infection outcomes

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nir Drayman ◽  
Omer Karin ◽  
Avi Mayo ◽  
Tamar Danon ◽  
Lev Shapira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Single Cells ◽  
Infection Process ◽  
Human Pathogen ◽  
Herpes Simplex Virus 1 ◽  
Host Interactions ◽  
Protein Levels ◽  
Molecular Events ◽  
Proteomics Approach ◽  
Infected Cells ◽  
Simplex Virus

AbstractViral infection is usually studied at the level of cell populations, averaging over hundreds of thousands of individual cells. Moreover, measurements are typically done by analyzing a few time points along the infection process. While informative, such measurements are limited in addressing how cell variability affects infection outcome. Here we employ dynamic proteomics to study virus-host interactions, using the human pathogen Herpes Simplex virus 1 as a model. We tracked >50,000 individual cells as they respond to HSV1 infection, allowing us to model infection kinetics and link infection outcome (productive or not) with the cell state at the time of initial infection. We find that single cells differ in their preexisting susceptibility to HSV1, and that this is partially mediated by their cell-cycle position. We also identify specific changes in protein levels and localization in infected cells, attesting to the power of the dynamic proteomics approach for studying virus-host interactions.

Ethnobotany, Pharmacological activities and Bioavailability studies of “King of Bitter” (Kalmegh): A Review (2010-2020)

2021 ◽  
Vol 24 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sharuti Mehta ◽  
Anil Kumar Sharma ◽  
Rajesh Kumar Singh
Keyword(s):  
Research Work ◽  
General Information ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Herbaceous Plant ◽  
Active Metabolites ◽  
Pharmacological Activities ◽  
Whole Plant ◽  
Pure Compounds

Background: Andrographis paniculata, commonly known as “Kalmegh”, is an annual herbaceous plant from family Acanthaceae. The whole plant of A. paniculata has explored for multiple pharmacological activities and is scientifically recognized by in-vivo and in-vitro studies. Various biotechnologically engineered techniques have been explored to enhance the bioavailability of this plant. Objective: In this review, we aim to present comprehensive recent advances in the ethnopharmacology, phytochemistry, specific pharmacology, safety and toxicology and bioavailability of A. paniculata and its pure compounds. Possible directions for future research are also outlined in brief, which will encourage advance investigations on this plant. Methods: Information on the recent updates of the present review is collected from different electronic scientific databases such as Science Direct, PubMed, Scopus, and Google Scholar. All the composed information is classified into different sections according to the objective of the paper. Results: More than hundred research and review papers have been studied and incorporated in the present manuscript. After vast literature search of A. paniculata, we present a noteworthy report of various phytoconstituents present in plant, which are accountable for potential therapeutic properties of the plant. Forty-five of studied articles give general information about introduction, ethnobotany and traditional uses of the plant. Twenty-two papers enclosed information about the phytoconstituents present in different parts of A. paniculata and seventy-two papers briefly outlined the pharmacological activities like antioxidant, anti-dengue, anti-ulcerogenic, antifungal, some miscellaneous activities like activity against SARS-CoV-2, antidiarrhoeal. Nineteen studies highlighted the research work conducted by various researchers to increased bioavailability of A. paniculata and two studies reported the safety and toxicology of the plant. Conclusion: This review incorporated the scientifically validated research work encompassing the ethnobotanical description of the subjected plant, phytochemical profile, various pharmacological activities, and recent approaches to enhance the bioavailability of active metabolites.

Apoptosis and autophagy as a turning point in viral–host interactions: the case of human norovirus and its surrogates

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sean Kennedy ◽  
Mélanie M Leroux ◽  
Alexis Simons ◽  
Brice Malve ◽  
Marc Devocelle ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Viral Entry ◽  
Turning Point ◽  
Infection Process ◽  
Host Interactions ◽  
Antiviral Therapies ◽  
Leading Role ◽  
Host Interaction ◽  
Major Response ◽  
Causes Of Disease ◽  
Viral Host Interactions

Human gastroenteritis viruses are amid the major causes of disease worldwide, responsible for more than 2 million deaths per year. Human noroviruses play a leading role in the gastroenteritis outbreaks and the continuous emergence of new strains contributes to the significant morbidity and mortality. Many aspects of the viral entry and infection process remain unclear, including the major response of the host cell to the virus, which is the trigger of several programmed cell death related mechanisms. In this review, we assessed apoptosis and autophagy at various stages in the infection process to provide better understanding of the viral–host interaction. This brings us closer to fully understanding how noroviruses work, thus allowing the development of specific antiviral therapies.

Zygnematophyceae: from living algae collections to the establishment of future models

2020 ◽  
Vol 71 (11) ◽  
pp. 3296-3304
Author(s):  
Hong Zhou ◽  
Klaus von Schwartzenberg
Keyword(s):  
Model Organism ◽  
Past Research ◽  
Model Organisms ◽  
Current Status ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Suitable Model ◽  
Research Perspectives ◽  
Robust Model ◽  
Physiological Adaptations ◽  
Long Time

Abstract The class of conjugating green algae, Zygnematophyceae (Conjugatophyceae), is extremely rich in species and has attracted the interest of phycologists for a long time. It is now widely accepted that this class of charophyte algae holds a key position in the phylogenetic tree of streptophytes, where they represent the closest relatives to all land plants (embryophytes). It is increasingly evident that robust model plants that can be easily cultivated and genetically transformed are necessary to better understand the process of terrestrialization and the related molecular, cellular, and physiological adaptations. Living algae collections play an important role, not only for phylogenomic-based taxonomy but also for screening for suitable model organisms. For this review, we screened six major public algae collections for Zygnematophyceae strains and established a cumulative list comprising 738 different taxa (including species, subspecies, varieties, and forms). From the described biodiversity with 8883 registered taxa (AlgaeBase) the cultured Zygnematophyceae taxa worldwide cover only ~8.3%. We review the past research on this clade of algae and discuss it from the perspective of establishing a model organism. We present data on the life cycle of the genera Micrasterias and Spirogyra, representing the orders Desmidiales and Zygnematales, and outline the current status of genetic transformation of Zygnematophyceae algae and future research perspectives.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document