scholarly journals First Report of Cucumber Mosaic Virus in Eryngium amethystinum, Canna spp., and Aquilegia hybrids in Ohio

Plant Disease ◽  
1997 ◽  
Vol 81 (11) ◽  
pp. 1331-1331 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. R. Fisher ◽  
M.-C. Sanchez-Cuevas ◽  
S. T. Nameth ◽  
V. L. Woods ◽  
C. W. Ellett
Keyword(s):  
Cucumber Mosaic Virus ◽  
Mosaic Virus ◽  
Plant Viruses ◽  
Early Summer ◽  
Reservoir Host ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Herbaceous Plant ◽  
First Report ◽  
Severe Stunting ◽  
Banding Profile

Eryngium amethystinum (amethyst sea holly) is a herbaceous plant commonly grown as an ornamental perennial in U.S.D.A. hardiness zones 3 to 8. The plant thrives in dry areas with infertile soils and the flowers are often used in dried floral arrangements. Canna spp. (Canna), soft perennials (U.S.D.A. zone 9 and above), are becoming popular flowering plants because of their bright flowers and spectacular foliage. There are a variety of species that fall under the heading Canna spp., of which the most popular are C. glauca, C. indica, C. edulis, and C. iridiflora. Hybrids of Aquilegia (garden columbine), a hardy perennial (U.S.D.A. zones 3 to 9), flower in late spring through early summer. The genus is made up of a wide variety of cultivars. E. amethystinum exhibiting severe mosaic, yellowing, and stunting, along with Canna plants exhibiting severe stunting, chlorotic and distorted foliage, and mosaic, and garden columbine plants exhibiting stunting, leaf curl, chlorosis, and mosaic, collected from commercial plantings throughout the central Ohio area, were analyzed for the presence of virus infection with viral-associated, double-stranded RNA (dsRNA) analysis. dsRNA analysis resulted in a banding profile typical of that seen with members of the cucumovirus family of plant viruses. Plants positive for cucumovurus-like dsRNA were tested with a direct antibody sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). ELISA results confirmed the presence of cucumber mosaic virus (CMV) in all symptomatic plants tested. No evidence of dsRNA or CMV was found in any of the asymptomatic plants tested. Because all of these hosts are common in the perennial garden, they could serve as a reservoir host of CMV for other plants in the garden. This is the first report of CMV in E. amethystinum, Canna spp., and Aquilegia hybrids in Ohio.

scholarly journals First Report of Cucumber mosaic virus Subgroup II Infecting Lycopersicon esculentum in India

Plant Disease ◽  
2006 ◽  
Vol 90 (11) ◽  
pp. 1457-1457 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. Sudhakar ◽  
D. Nagendra-Prasad ◽  
N. Mohan ◽  
K. Murugesan
Keyword(s):  
Coat Protein ◽  
Cucumber Mosaic Virus ◽  
Mosaic Virus ◽  
Tamil Nadu ◽  
Indian Subcontinent ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Infected Leaf ◽  
Polymorphism Analysis ◽  
First Report ◽  
Subgroup Ii

During a survey in January 2006 near Salem in Tamil Nadu (south India), Cucumber mosaic virus was observed infecting tomatoes with an incidence of more than 70%. Plants exhibiting severe mosaic, leaf puckering, and stunted growth were collected, and the virus was identified using diagnostic hosts, evaluation of physical properties of the virus, compound enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) (ELISA Lab, Washington State University, Prosser), reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), and restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis (DSMZ, S. Winter, Germany). To determine the specific CMV subgroup, total RNA was extracted from 50 infected leaf samples using the RNeasy plant RNA isolation kit (Qiagen, Hilden, Germany) and tested for the presence of the complete CMV coat protein gene using specific primers as described by Rizos et al. (1). A fragment of the coat protein was amplified and subsequently digested with MspI to reveal a pattern of two fragments (336 and 538 bp), indicating CMV subgroup II. No evidence of mixed infection with CMV subgroup I was obtained when CMV isolates representing subgroups I (PV-0419) and II (PV-0420), available at the DSMZ Plant Virus Collection, were used as controls. Only CMV subgroup I has been found to predominantly infect tomato in the Indian subcontinent, although Verma et al. (2) identified CMV subgroup II infecting Pelargonium spp., an ornamental plant. To our knowledge, this is the first report of CMV subgroup II infecting tomato crops in India. References: (1) H. Rizos et al. J. Gen. Virol. 73:2099, 1992. (2) N. Verma et al. J. Biol. Sci. 31:47, 2006.

scholarly journals First Report of Southern bean mosaic virus Infecting French Bean in Morocco

Plant Disease ◽  
2004 ◽  
Vol 88 (10) ◽  
pp. 1162-1162 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Segundo ◽  
F. M. Gil-Salas ◽  
D. Janssen ◽  
G. Martin ◽  
I. M. Cuadrado ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mosaic Virus ◽  
Sodium Dodecyl ◽  
Plant Viruses ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
First Report ◽  
Sequence Identity ◽  
Southern Bean Mosaic Virus ◽  
Bean Plants ◽  
Symptomatic Leaf ◽  
Das Elisa

Common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) is grown on approximately 1,500 ha in commercial greenhouses and is of major economic importance in the Souss-Massa Region, Agadir, Morocco. Since October 2003, symptoms resembling a viral disease, consisting of pod mosaic and distortion and mild to severe mosaic in leaves, have been observed on bean plants in several greenhouses. Mechanical inoculation with symptomatic leaf extracts produced necrotic local lesions on P. vulgaris ‘Pinto’ and systemic symptoms similar to those observed in the naturally infected bean plants P. vulgaris ‘Donna’ (five plants per cultivar). Inoculated and naturally infected samples reacted positively using a double antibody sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (DAS-ELISA) to Southern bean mosaic virus (SBMV) (DSMZ, Braunschweig, Germany), a member of the Sobemovirus genus that is transmitted by contact, soil, beetles, and seeds (1). Virions purified from a naturally infected ‘Donna’ plant contained a 30-kDa polypeptide that reacted positively using sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and western blot analysis with SBMV antiserum (DSMZ). Reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction amplification with SMBV primers as described by Verhoeven et al. (2) produced an expected 870-bp band. The amplicon was cloned, sequenced (GenBank Accession No. AJ748276), and compared to those isolates available in GenBank and had a nucleotide sequence identity of 87% and a derived amino acid sequence identity of 95% with an SBMV isolate from Spain (2). During a survey in different areas of the Souss-Massa Region, 20 symptomatic leaf and pod samples were randomly collected from 12 greenhouses (50 ha) where significant commercial losses were suffered because of this virus disease, and all samples were positive using DAS-ELISA for SBMV. To our knowledge, this is the first report of SBMV in Morocco. References: (1) J. H. Tremaine and R. I. Hamilton. Southern bean mosaic virus. No. 274 in: Descriptions of Plant Viruses. CMI/AAB, Kew, Surrey, England, 1983. (2) J. Th. J. Verhoeven et al. Eur. J. Plant Pathol. 109:935, 2003.

scholarly journals Cucumber Mosaic Virus on Asiatic Hybrid Lilies in India

Plant Disease ◽  
1999 ◽  
Vol 83 (1) ◽  
pp. 78-78 ◽  
Author(s):  
Raja Ram ◽  
Anupama Sharma ◽  
R. K. Singh ◽  
Daizy Chauhan ◽  
A. A. Zaidi
Keyword(s):  
Cucumber Mosaic Virus ◽  
Mosaic Virus ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Continuous Cropping ◽  
Cut Flowers ◽  
Narrow Host Range ◽  
Introduced Plants ◽  
Banding Profile ◽  
Viruslike Particles ◽  
Flower Quality

Asiatic hybrid lilies are popular cut flowers with a range of bright colors. Of the several viruses reported from lily (2,3), cucumber mosaic virus (CMV) reduces flower quality and yield (1). Classical symptoms of CMV were observed in recently introduced plants of Asiatic hybrid lilies in Kangra Valley, Himachal Pradesh. The symptoms were mild leaf mosaic, ring spot, transient vein yellowing, occasionally with growth deformation, and flower breaking. Leaf samples from cvs. MonteNegro, Yellow Present, Apeldoorn, Toscana, Connecticut King, and Adelina were collected randomly on the basis of symptom expression. Viral-associated double-stranded RNA (dsRNA) analysis was used to analyze tissue from symptomatic and asymptomatic plants for evidence of a possible cucumovirus. dsRNA analysis resulted in a banding profile typical of that seen with cucumoviruses. There was no evidence of dsRNA in the asymptomatic tissue. Presence of CMV in the symptomatic plants was also confirmed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay with antiserum from Agdia (Elkhart, IN). Virus from symptomatic tissues was purified and 30 nm polyhedral, viruslike particles were observed that were subsequently tested for CMV with counter immunoelectrophoresis with antibodies of CMV-C and CMV-D (antibodies obtained from H. A. Scott, University of Arkansas) and ATCC CMV antisera PVAS 242-A. Our isolate differs from other prevalent CMV isolates of Kangra Valley, having a narrow host range and not being readily sap transmissible. However, this isolate is normally transmitted to progeny bulblets. Lack of fallow periods, continuous cropping of other CMV-susceptible bulbous crops, and occasional sprouting of uncollected lily bulblets enhance inoculum build-up. Planting of CMV-tested lilies is recommended to avoid disease losses and to reduce viral inoculum floriculture fields. This is the first report of CMV in Asiatic hybrid lilies in India. References: (1) M. P. Benettii and L. Tomassoli. Acta Hortic. 234:465, 1988. (2) P. Brierley. Phytopathology 30:250, 1940. (3) L. Tomassoli and M. P. Benettii. Adv. Hortic. Sci. 2:117, 1988.

scholarly journals First Report of Tomato torrado virus Infecting Tomato in Single and Mixed Infections with Cucumber mosaic virus in Panama

Plant Disease ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 93 (2) ◽  
pp. 198-198 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. A. Herrera-Vásquez ◽  
A. Alfaro-Fernández ◽  
M. C. Córdoba-Sellés ◽  
M. C. Cebrián ◽  
M. I. Font ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Coat Protein ◽  
Cucumber Mosaic Virus ◽  
Mosaic Virus ◽  
Potato Virus ◽  
Plant Viruses ◽  
Tomato Mosaic Virus ◽  
Rt Pcr ◽  
Tomato Production ◽  
Related Sequence ◽  
First Report

In February of 2008, in open-field-grown tomato crops (Solanum lycopersicum L.) from the central regions of Coclé, Herrera, Los Santos, and Veraguas of Panama, unusual disease symptoms, including deformation, necrosis, purple margins, interveinal yellowing, downward and upward curling of the leaflets alternately, necrotic lines in sepals and branches, fruits distorted with necrotic lines on the surface, and severe stunting, were observed. Tomato production was seriously damaged. To verify the identity of the disease, five symptomatic tomato plants from four fields of these regions were selected and analyzed by double-antibody sandwich (DAS)-ELISA using specific antibodies to Cucumber mosaic virus (CMV), Potato virus X (PVX), Potato virus Y (PVY), Tomato mosaic virus (ToMV), Tomato spotted wilt virus (TSWV) (Loewe Biochemica, Sauerlach, Germany), and Pepino mosaic virus (PepMV) (DSMZ, Braunschweig, Germany). Total RNA was extracted from all plants and tested using reverse transcription (RT)-PCR with three pairs of specific primers: one pair designed to amplify 586 bp of the coat protein gene of CMV (CMV-F 5′-CCTCCGCGGATGCTAACTT-3′ and CMV-R 5′-CGGAATCAGACTGGGAGCA-3′) and the other two pairs to Tomato torrado virus (ToTV) that amplify 580 and 574 bp of the polyprotein (4) and coat protein (Vp23) (3) region of RNA2, respectively; and by dot-blot hybridization with a digoxygenin-labeled RNA probe complementary to the aforementioned polyprotein. The serological analysis for PVX, PVY, ToMV, TSWV, and PepMV were negative. ToTV was detected in all samples analyzed. Three of these samples were also positive for CMV by serological and molecular analysis. No differences in symptom expression were observed between plants infected with both viruses or with ToTV alone. RT-PCR products were purified and directly sequenced. BLAST analysis of one CMV sequence (GenBank Accession No. EU934036) showed 98% identity with a CMV sequence from Brazil (most closely related sequence) (GenBank Accession No. AY380812) and 97% with the Fny isolate (CMV subgroup I) (GenBank Accession No. U20668). Two ToTV sequences were obtained (GenBank Accession Nos. EU934037 and FJ357161) and showed 99% and 98% identities with the polyprotein and coat protein region of ToTV from Spain (GenBank Accession No. DQ388880), respectively. CMV is transmitted by aphids and is distributed worldwide with a wide host range (2), while ToTV is transmitted by whiteflies and has only been reported in tomato crops in Spain and Poland and recently on weeds in Spain (1). To our knowledge, this is the first time ToTV has been detected in Panama and the first report of CMV/ToTV mixed infection. References: (1) A. Alfaro-Fernández et al. Plant Dis. 92:831, 2008. (2) A. A. Brunt et al. Plant Viruses Online: Descriptions and Lists from the VIDE Database. Online Publication, 1996. (3) H. Pospieszny et al. Plant Dis. 91:1364, 2007. (4) M. Verbeek et al. Arch. Virol. 152:881, 2007.

scholarly journals First Report of a Cucumber mosaic virus-Associated Satellite RNA in Lobelia erinus

Plant Disease ◽  
2001 ◽  
Vol 85 (7) ◽  
pp. 802-802 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. G. P. Nameth ◽  
J. R. Fisher
Keyword(s):  
Cucumber Mosaic Virus ◽  
Mosaic Virus ◽  
Leaf Tissue ◽  
Late Summer ◽  
Culture Collection ◽  
Northern Hybridization ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Satellite Rna ◽  
First Report ◽  
Dna Labeling

Lobelia (Lobelia erinus L.) is a common herbaceous annual used in flower beds and hanging baskets. The plant blooms from early to late summer. In the summer of 2000, Lobelia plants expressing virus-like symptoms were collected from a greenhouse-based production site in Ohio. Affected plants expressed a mild leaf mosaic and stunting. Viral-associated dsRNA was isolated from 7 g of symptomatic leaf tissue (1). Four dsRNAs were observed at 3.9, 3.0, 2.25, and 1.05 kb indicating the presence of a Cucumovirus. A fifth dsRNA at 0.75 kb also was observed, consistent with the presence of a satellite RNA. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) analysis (Agdia, Inc., Elkhart, IN) of symptomatic Lobelia tissue confirmed the presence of Cucumber mosaic virus (CMV). A (S)CARNA-5 (-) cDNA clone (American Type Culture Collection #45124) was labeled with digoxygenin (DIG) as per the manufacturer's instructions (Genius II DIG-DNA Labeling Kit, Boehringer Mannheim) and used as a diagnostic probe to detect this satellite RNA. Northern hybridization confirmed the identity of the satellite RNA (2). This is the first report of any satellite RNA associated with a virus infection in Lobelia and the first report of CMV in this host in Ohio. References: (1) J. R. Fisher and S. G. P. Nameth. HortScience 35:230–234, 2000. (2) R. A. Valverde et.al. Plant Dis. 74:255–258, 1990.

scholarly journals First Report of Cucumber mosaic virus in Garlic Mustard in Ohio

Plant Disease ◽  
2000 ◽  
Vol 84 (9) ◽  
pp. 1047-1047 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. J. Boehm ◽  
S. T. Nameth
Keyword(s):  
Cucumber Mosaic Virus ◽  
Mosaic Virus ◽  
Plant Species ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Garlic Mustard ◽  
Weed Species ◽  
Alternate Host ◽  
First Report ◽  
Molecular Weights ◽  
Symptomatic Tissue

Garlic mustard (Alliaria officinalis) is a common weed species associated with woodland borders, hedge rows, and suburban gardens. Garlic mustard plants expressing foliar symptoms of leaf mosaic and vein banding were collected from Franklin and Cuyahoga counties in Ohio. Analysis of symptomatic tissue using viral-associated double-stranded RNA (dsRNA) analysis on 5% polyacrylamide gels and stained with ethidium bromide resulted in the production of a banding profile (four dsRNA bands with molecular weights of 2.6, 2.0, 1.5, and 0.7 × 106 daltons) similar to that of Cucumber mosaic virus (CMV) (1). Symptomatic tissue suspected of being infected with CMV was analyzed with an indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (iELISA) employing commercially produced antiserum (Agdia Inc.) against the common strain of CMV antiserum confirmed the presence of CMV. Nonsymptomatic tissue reacted negatively to CMV. This is the first report of CMV in garlic mustard in Ohio. Due to the extensive range of this weed and the wide host range of CMV in ornamental and food-plant species, garlic mustard could serve as an alternate host for CMV in many commercially important plant species. Reference: (1) T. J. Morris et al. Plant Mol. Biol. Rep. 1:27–30, 1983.

Identification of Three Distinct Classes of Satellite RNAs Associated With Two Cucumber mosaic virus Serotypes from the Ornamental Groundcover Vinca minor

2012 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 18 ◽  
Author(s):  
John R. Fisher
Keyword(s):  
Cucumber Mosaic Virus ◽  
Mosaic Virus ◽  
The United States ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Rt Pcr ◽  
Pcr Cloning ◽  
Cloning And Sequencing ◽  
First Report ◽  
Vinca Minor ◽  
Satellite Rnas

Cucumber mosaic virus (CMV) is a cosmopolitan virus which may also have small satellite RNAs (satRNA) associated with it affecting symptom development. Vinca minor (periwinkle) plants exhibiting subtle mosaic symptoms tested positive for CMV by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Double-stranded ribonucleic acid (dsRNA) analysis of CMV-Vinca field isolates in Nicotiana tabacum ‘Glurk’ suggested two sizes of putative satRNA associated with CMV. Immunocapture RT-PCR, cloning, and sequencing of the movement protein, coat protein, and satRNAs demonstrated serogroup 1A and serogroup 2 CMV helper strains and three distinct classes of satRNAs of four sizes. Further, two classes of satRNAs could be distinguished by their necrosis domains. Previously CMV was reported in V. minor in New Jersey. This is the first report of CMV in V. minor in Ohio and the first report of satRNA associated with CMV in V. minor in the United States. Accepted for publication 1 February 2012. Published 12 April 2012.

scholarly journals First Report of Cucumber mosaic virus in Banana from Iran

Plant Disease ◽  
2005 ◽  
Vol 89 (8) ◽  
pp. 914-914 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Ghotbi ◽  
K. Bananej
Keyword(s):  
Cucumber Mosaic Virus ◽  
Mosaic Virus ◽  
Plant Viruses ◽  
Economic Losses ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Streak Virus ◽  
Serological Tests ◽  
Tropical Fruit ◽  
Test Plants ◽  
Das Elisa

Banana bunchy top virus (BBTV), Banana streak virus (BSV), and Cucumber mosaic virus (CMV) (genus Cucumovirus, family Bromoviridae [2]) cause widespread economic losses on banana (Musa sp.) throughout the world and have been reported on banana in different countries including Pakistan along its southeastern border with Iran (1). A survey was conducted from 2004–2005 to identify viruses infecting banana in greenhouses in different growing areas in northern Iran, Mazandaran Province (Sari, Babol, Behshahr, and Ghaemshahr cities). A total of 180 samples from seven banana-growing greenhouses with symptoms of mosaic, chlorosis, stunting, and fruit malformation were collected. All samples were tested for CMV with polyclonal antibodies using double-antibody sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (DAS-ELISA) (CMV strain D subgroup I; gifted by H. Lecoq, INRA, Avignion, France). For sap inoculation onto indicator test plants, selected ELISA-positive leaf samples were ground in chilled 0.01 M phosphate buffer, pH 7.0, containing 0.15% 2-mercaptoethanol. Chlorotic and necrotic local lesions developed on Chenopodium amaranticolor and Vigna unguiculata (cv. Mashad local) 10 and 12 days postinoculation, respectively. Cucumis sativus and Nicotiana rustica also developed systemic mosaic symptoms (3). All indicator test plants were rechecked for the presence of CMV using DAS-ELISA. On the basis of serological tests and indicator host plants reactions, CMV was identified in 32% of samples including Sari (13.8%), Babol (2.7%), Behshahr (10%) and Ghahemshahr (5%), respectively. Fifty-five samples did not react with CMV antiserum but the presence of symptoms resembling BBTV and BSV (4) emphasizes the need for further investigations to confirm the presence and identities of other viruses. References: (1) J. Bird and F. L. Wellman. Phytopathology 52:286, 1962. (2) S. K. Choi et al. J. Virol. Methods 83:67, 1999. (3) A. J. Gibbs and B. D. Harrison. Descriptions of Plant Viruses. No.1. CMI/AAB, Surrey, England, 1970. (4) R. C. Ploetz et al., eds. Compendium of Tropical Fruit Diseases. The American Phytopathological Society, St. Paul, MN, 1994.

scholarly journals First Report of Cucumber mosaic virus in Eryngium yuccifolium (Rattlesnake Master) in Ohio

Plant Disease ◽  
2004 ◽  
Vol 88 (12) ◽  
pp. 1384-1384 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. R. Whitten ◽  
S. G. P. Nameth
Keyword(s):  
Cucumber Mosaic Virus ◽  
Mosaic Virus ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Ohio State University ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
State University ◽  
Double Stranded Rna ◽  
First Report ◽  
Random Samples ◽  
The Ohio State University

Rattlesnake master (Eryngium yuccifolium) is a wildflower that is native to Ohio. In recent years, native wildflowers have become very popular with home gardeners, and conservationists have begun to reestablish these plants in their native ranges. As native perennial wildflowers become more common, it is important to determine if they might serve as possible perennial reservoirs of viruses. A plot of 20 species native to Ohio was established on the Waterman Agricultural and Natural Resources Laboratory, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio. In the summers of 1999 and 2001, random samples were collected from established plantings. Some sampled plants did not show symptoms of virus infection; however, all samples of E. yuccifolium appeared chlorotic, slightly mottled, and stunted. Using double-stranded RNA (dsRNA) analysis (1), these plants were assayed for viral infection. dsRNA profiles obtained from symptomatic E. yuccifolium resembled that of Cucumber mosaic virus (CMV). These results were confirmed with an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA; Agdia Inc., Elkhart, IN) for CMV. dsRNA-containing samples of E. yuccifolium produced ELISA absorbance values (A405) of 0.231 to 0.713 when compared with the negative control. All 14 samples of E. yuccifolium tested positive for CMV. To our knowledge, this is the first report of CMV in E. yuccifolium, which should serve as the basis for a more extensive survey, since CMV can potentially infect a wide variety of ornamental and nonornamental hosts. Reference: (1) R. Valverde et al. Plant Dis. 74:255, 1990.

scholarly journals First Report of Cucumber mosaic virus in Desert Rose in Taiwan

Plant Disease ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 96 (4) ◽  
pp. 593-593 ◽  
Author(s):  
Y. K. Chen ◽  
Y. S. Chang ◽  
Y. W. Lin ◽  
M. Y. Wu
Keyword(s):  
Cucumber Mosaic Virus ◽  
Mosaic Virus ◽  
Chenopodium Quinoa ◽  
Rabbit Antiserum ◽  
Serological Tests ◽  
Reading Frame ◽  
First Report ◽  
Reverse Transcription Pcr ◽  
Wilt Virus ◽  
Line Patterns

Desert rose (Adenium obesum (Forssk.) Roem. & Schult, family Apocynaceae) is native to southeastern Africa, and is a perennial potted ornamental with colorful flowers that are popular in Taiwan. Symptoms of mosaic and chlorotic ringspots and line patterns on leaves were observed in July 2010, on all eight plants in a private garden in Potzu, Chiayi, Taiwan. Spherical virus particles with a diameter of approximately 28 nm were observed in crude sap prepared from symptomatic leaves. Virus culture was established by successive local lesion isolation in Chenopodium quinoa and was maintained in the systemic host Nicotiana tabacum van Hicks. The virus was mechanically transmissible to indicator plants and induced symptoms similar to those incited by Cucumber mosaic virus (CMV). Observed symptoms included local lesions on inoculated leaves of C. amaranticolor and systemic mosaic in Cucumis sativus, Lycopersicon esculentum, N. benthamiana, N. glutinosa, and N. rustica. On N. tabacum, necrotic ringspots developed on inoculated leaves followed by systemic mosaic. Serological tests using ELISA assays and western blotting indicated that the virus reacted positively to a rabbit antiserum prepared to CMV (4). Amplicons of an expected size (1.1 kb) were obtained in reverse transcription-PCR with primers specific to the 3′-half of CMV RNA 3 (3) using total RNA extracted from infected desert rose and N. tabacum. The amplified cDNA fragment was cloned and sequenced (GenBank Accession No. AB667971). Nucleotide sequences of the coat protein open reading frame (CP ORF) (657 nt) had 92 to 96% and 76 to 77% sequence identity to those of CMV in subgroups I (GenBank Accession Nos. NC_001440, D00385, M57602, D28780, and AB008777) and II (GenBank Accession Nos. L15336, AF127976, AF198103, and M21464), respectively. Desert roses infected by Tomato spotted wilt virus (TSWV) (1) and CMV (2) have been reported previously. In spite of the plants showing mosaic symptoms similar to that caused by CMV (2) and chlorotic ringspots and line patterns caused by TSWV (1), only CMV was detected in and isolated from these infected desert roses. However, the possibility of mixed infection of CMV and other viruses were not excluded in this research. To our knowledge, this is the first report of CMV infection in desert rose plants occurring in Taiwan. References: (1) S. Adkins and C. A. Baker. Plant Dis. 89:526, 2005. (2) C. A. Baker et al. Plant Dis. 87:1007, 2003. (3) Y. K. Chen et al. Arch. Virol. 146:1631, 2001. (4) Y. K. Chen and C. C. Yang. Plant Dis. 89:529, 2005.

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