scholarly journals Effect of Fungicide Applications Scheduled to Control Gummy Stem Blight on Yield and Quality of Watermelon Fruit

Plant Disease ◽  
2001 ◽  
Vol 85 (1) ◽  
pp. 53-58 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anthony P. Keinath
Keyword(s):  
Disease Severity ◽  
Fruit Weight ◽  
Fruit Rot ◽  
Soluble Solids ◽  
Black Rot ◽  
Soluble Solids Content ◽  
Stem Blight ◽  
Gummy Stem Blight ◽  
Yield And Quality ◽  
Solids Content

Yield and quality reductions in watermelon infected with Didymella bryoniae may be attributed to reduced number or weight of fruit, sunburned fruit, fruit rot, or low sugar content due to gummy stem blight on foliage and black rot on fruit. Number, weight, soluble solids content, and external appearance of fruit were determined in four experiments conducted in fall 1996 and 1997 and spring 1997 and 1998. Severity of gummy stem blight was varied by applying no fungicide, mancozeb, or chlorothalonil according to different schedules. In the fall, when disease severity was high, total fruit weight, percent marketable fruit, and soluble solids content were lower and percent fruit with black rot was higher in nonsprayed than in sprayed treatments. Fungicide applications did not affect total fruit weight, soluble solids content, or black rot in the spring, when disease severity was moderate to low. Percent sunburned fruit was greater in treatments sprayed every 14 days than in those sprayed weekly. In fall experiments, the number of healthy, unblemished fruit increased linearly as the number of fungicide applications was increased from zero to nine per season. Yield losses in watermelon to gummy stem blight and black rot resulted primarily from a reduction in total fruit weight and an increase in number of diseased and sunburned fruit.

scholarly journals The Effect of Weed Competition on Apple Fruit Quality

2017 ◽  
Vol 45 (1) ◽  
pp. 120-125 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ersin ATAY ◽  
Seckin GARGIN ◽  
Ahmet ESITKEN ◽  
N. Pinar GUZEL ◽  
A. Nilgun ATAY ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fruit Quality ◽  
Fruit Weight ◽  
Apple Orchard ◽  
High Density ◽  
Soluble Solids ◽  
Limiting Factor ◽  
Weed Competition ◽  
Soluble Solids Content ◽  
Solids Content ◽  
Potassium Magnesium

Orchard performance is influenced by weed competition. In this study, the effects of weed competition on nutrient contents, chemical and physical fruit quality properties were sought. The study was carried out in a high-density apple orchard (‘Golden Delicious’/M.9) over two consecutive growing seasons. The effect of weed competition was studied at three different levels: weak, moderate and strong. Fruit firmness, soluble solids content, macronutrients (such as nitrogen, potassium and calcium) and potassium+magnesium/calcium ratio in fruit were significantly affected by weed competition. Strong weed competition negatively affected soluble solids content and potassium+magnesium/calcium ratio. In both trial years, soluble solids content was significantly higher in weak weed competition. In the first year of the study, soluble solids content ranged between 13.77±0.06% (strong weed competition) and 15.20±0.10% (weak weed competition). In the following year, soluble solids content values were determined as 13.13±0.23% in strong weed competition and 13.83±0.21% in weak weed competition. Weak weed competition showed superiority for fruit weight and potassium+magnesium/calcium ratio. As a whole, this study indicates that insufficient weed control in tree rows might be a limiting factor for fruit quality in high-density apple orchards.

scholarly journals Performance of twelve mango cultivars grown in different agroecological zones of Bangladesh

2013 ◽  
Vol 37 (4) ◽  
pp. 691-710 ◽  
Author(s):  
K Kobra ◽  
MA Hossain ◽  
MAH Talukder ◽  
MAJ Bhuyan
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Fruit Weight ◽  
Soluble Solids ◽  
Soluble Solids Content ◽  
Flower Production ◽  
Pests And Diseases ◽  
Agroecological Zones ◽  
Solids Content ◽  
Almost All ◽  
Perfect Flower

Twelve commercial and promising mango cultivars were evaluated at three agroecological zones of Bangladesh viz., Akbarpur (AEZ 29), Chapai Nawabgonj (AEZ 11), and Gazipur (AEZ 28) during 2006-07 to investigate their regional adaptability. Cultivars included in the experiment were Ashwina, BARI Aam-1, Bombai, Deori, Fazli, Gopalbhog, Kalia, Khirsapat, Langra, Lata Bombai, Rani Passand, and Surjapuri. The plants were transplanted in the field during July 1993. Tree volume was the maximum (79.78 m3) in Khirsapat and the minimum in Lata Bombai (21.92 m3). Langra had the highest percentage of perfect flower (27%), while the lowest was in Deori and Kalia (5%). The earliest and latest fruit was harvested from BARI Aam-1 and Ashwina, respectively, at all locations. All the cultivars were harvested 3-5 and 8-10 days earlier at Akbarpur and Gazipur, respectively, compared to that at Chapai Nawabgonj. The highest individual fruit weight was obtained from Fazli at all locations, while Gopalbhog (130 g) had the lowest fruit weight at Akbarpur and Surjapuri at Chapai Nawabgonj (172 g) and Gazipur (140 g). Total soluble solids content was reasonably high in all the cultivars at each location (around 20%) except Ashwina, Lata Bombai, and Surjapuri which contained around 16% TSS. Lata Bombai was highly susceptible to anthracnose, floral malformation, and stem-end-rot at almost all the locations. Other cultivars showed low to medium susceptibility to all these diseases. The highest and lowest fruit producing cultivars were Khirsapat (206) and Lata Bombai (106) at Gazipur, while Rani Passand (196) and Bombai, Lata Bombai (92) at Akbarpur but at Chapai Nawabgonj, these were Langra (325) and Deori (117), respectively. Cultivar Fazli (83.61 kg) was the highest yielder by weight, while Lata Bombai (18.35 kg) was the lowest. Among the locations, Chapai Nawabgonj was the most favourable for plant growth, perfect flower production, and yield, and least favourable for pests and diseases. The overall result of the experiment indicated that good quality mango could also be grown successfully under Akbarpur and Gazipur conditions adopting appropriate variety like Khirsapat. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjar.v37i4.14394 Bangladesh J. Agril. Res. 37(4): 691-710, December 2012

scholarly journals EVALUATION OF LATE PLUM CULTIVARS IN THE REGION OF BELGRADE (SERBIA)

2019 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 67-74 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dragan Milatović ◽  
Dejan Đurović ◽  
Gordan Zec ◽  
Aleksandar Radović ◽  
Đorđe Boškov
Keyword(s):  
Fruit Weight ◽  
Soluble Solids ◽  
Soluble Solids Content ◽  
Fruit Maturation ◽  
Lower Yield ◽  
Fruit Characteristics ◽  
Maturation Period ◽  
Solids Content ◽  
Late Maturation

Phenological traits, yield, and fruit characteristics of 14 plum cultivars of late maturation period were stud-ied in the region of Belgrade in the five-year period (2013–2017). The control cultivar for comparison was ‘Stanley’. The average time of flowering was in the first half of April, and of fruit maturation in the second half of August and the beginning of September. Yield per tree was lowest in the cultivar ‘Pozna Plava’ (10.2 kg) and highest in the cultivar ‘Topking’ (23.6 kg). Compared to the control, significantly lower yield was achieved in three cultivars: ‘Pozna Plava’, ‘Vengerka Pozdnyaya’, and ‘Narach’. Fruit weight ranged from 26.1 g in the cultivar ‘Elena’ to 57.0 g in the cultivar ‘Empress’. Compared to the control, it was sig-nificantly higher in three cultivars (‘Empress’, ‘Vengerka Pozdnyaya’, and ‘Tophit’). All studied cultivars had high soluble solids content, ranging from 17.1% to 21.6%. The best rated cultivar for fruit appearance was ‘Empress’, while cultivars ‘Nada’ and ‘Pozna Plava’ were best scored for taste.

scholarly journals Intervals and Number of Applications of Acibenzolar-S-Methyl for the Control of Bacterial Spot on Processing Tomato

Plant Disease ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 100 (10) ◽  
pp. 2126-2133 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nadson de Carvalho Pontes ◽  
Abadia dos Reis Nascimento ◽  
Adelmo Golynski ◽  
Luiz Antonio Maffia ◽  
José Rogério de Oliveira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Disease Severity ◽  
Systemic Acquired Resistance ◽  
Acquired Resistance ◽  
Soluble Solids ◽  
Cost Ratio ◽  
Soluble Solids Content ◽  
Bacterial Spot ◽  
Processing Tomato ◽  
Standard Program ◽  
Solids Content

Acibenzolar-S-methyl (ASM) is a plant activator that triggers systemic acquired resistance that is labeled for use in Brazil for managing tomato bacterial spot. The aim of this study was to define the optimum relationship between interval and number of applications of ASM for the most efficacious control of bacterial spot on processing tomato. Four intervals between applications (4, 7, 10, and 14 days) and four application frequencies (4, 6, 8, and 10 applications) were evaluated in five trials performed between 2010 and 2011 in Brasília, Distrito Federal, and in Morrinhos, in the state of Goiás. Copper hydroxide (CH) was applied after ASM applications to complete 13 applications per growing season. Two check treatments were added: standard CH weekly applications and untreated. The following variables were evaluated: severity of bacterial spot, yield, percentage of ripe and rotten fruit, soluble solids content, and the benefit/cost ratio. Disease severity varied between treatments in three trials and yield varied in two trials. A greater number of applications resulted in a reduction of bacterial spot, and the ideal interval between applications was between 8 to 10 days. However, there was a reduction in yield with 10 ASM applications. The temporal effect of ASM applications on bacterial spot severity was evaluated under greenhouse conditions. Reduction in disease severity was observed up to 6 days following ASM application. Additionally, the weekly treatment of seven applications of ASM followed by six applications of CH was compared with a standard program of CH under commercial production conditions in Itaberaí, Goiás, where bacterial spot occurred naturally. The program with ASM and CH resulted in significantly less foliar disease severity than the standard program, which did not result in yield gains. In addition, no differences were detected between the two programs for soluble solids content, industrial yield, plant height, and percentage of ripe and rotten fruit.

scholarly journals Effect of nitrogen doses on disease severity and watermelon yield

2009 ◽  
Vol 27 (3) ◽  
pp. 330-334 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gil R dos Santos ◽  
Manoel D de Castro Neto ◽  
Hudson SM de Almeida ◽  
Leandro N Ramos ◽  
Renato A Sarmento ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Disease Severity ◽  
Nitrogen Fertilization ◽  
Citrullus Lanatus ◽  
Fruit Yield ◽  
Control Treatment ◽  
Average Weight ◽  
Stem Blight ◽  
Gummy Stem Blight ◽  
Yield And Quality ◽  
Severity Levels

Nitrogen fertilization is an important step for watermelon (Citrullus lanatus) production due to its influence over yield, fruit quality, and disease severity. Currently, the gummy stem blight (Didymella bryoniae) and the downy mildew (Pseudoperonospora cubensis) can be taken as the most important watermelon diseases, since they impose severe impairment to the crop. Furthermore, studies focusing on plant responses to nitrogen fertilization regarding fruit yield and quality, and disease resistance are rare. Hence, the present study aimed at evaluating the effect of nitrogen doses on fruit yield and quality, and on disease prevalence in watermelon. Two experiments were carried out at the Universidade Federal de Tocantins, employing sprinkler irrigation, in an area previously used to grow watermelon. The experimental design was blocks at random, with five treatments (N doses, applied twice as side-dressing, in kg ha-1, as follows: T1= control treatment without N, T2= 20, T3= 40, T4= 80, and T5= 120), and four replications. Urea (45% N) was used as the N source. In the first assay, the highest fruit yield and average weight were observed when 40 kg ha-1 of N were applied. The highest severity of the gummy stem blight was observed when the highest nitrogen doses were applied (80 and 120 kg ha-1). In the second assay, the highest severity levels of the gummy stem blight, as well as of mildew, were observed again when N doses were the highest (80 and 120 kg ha-1). The lowest severity levels for both diseases were observed in the control treatment.

Variation in the Performance of Fruit Maturing Time, Fruit Weight, and Soluble Solids Content in Oriental Persimmon Grown at Akitsu, Japan and Meixian, China.

1995 ◽  
Vol 64 (2) ◽  
pp. 221-226 ◽  
Author(s):  
Masahiko Yamada ◽  
Renzi Wang ◽  
Hiroyasu Yamane ◽  
Akihiko Sato ◽  
Nobuyuki Hirakawa
Keyword(s):  
Fruit Weight ◽  
Soluble Solids ◽  
Soluble Solids Content ◽  
Solids Content

scholarly journals Screening for Salt Tolerance in Melons

HortScience ◽  
1992 ◽  
Vol 27 (8) ◽  
pp. 905-907 ◽  
Author(s):  
Samuel Mendlinger ◽  
Dov Pasternak
Keyword(s):  
Salt Tolerance ◽  
Cucumis Melo ◽  
Fruit Weight ◽  
Soluble Solids ◽  
Soluble Solids Content ◽  
Salt Tolerant ◽  
Breeding Lines ◽  
Salinity Levels ◽  
Solids Content ◽  
Mean Time

Twenty melon (Cucumis melo L.) cultigens (cultivars and breeding lines) were tested for salt tolerance. All cultigens were grown in the field using drip irrigation at three salt salinity levels: electrical conductivity (ECw = 1.2, 7.5, or 14.0 dS·m-1. Nineteen of the 20 cultigens proved to be salt-sensitive, as measured by reduction in fruit weight, but not necessarily to the same degree (i.e., some cultigens were tolerant at ECw = 7.5, whereas others were not). One line, `Evan Key', was salt-tolerant at ECw= 14.0. Increasing salinity levels did not affect the number of fruits produced in most cultigens. Overall, increasing salinity reduced netting quality but increased the total soluble solids content and shortened mean time to harvest in seven cultigens.

scholarly journals The Influence of Climate on Fruit Development and Quality of Four Low-chill Peach Cultivars

HortScience ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 44 (3) ◽  
pp. 666-670 ◽  
Author(s):  
Todd W. Wert ◽  
Jeffrey G. Williamson ◽  
Jose X. Chaparro ◽  
E. Paul Miller ◽  
Robert E. Rouse
Keyword(s):  
Fruit Development ◽  
Titratable Acidity ◽  
Fruit Weight ◽  
Soluble Solids ◽  
Soluble Solids Content ◽  
North Central ◽  
Southwest Florida ◽  
The North ◽  
Solids Content

The effect of climate was observed on fruit quality of four low-chill peach cultivars (Flordaprince, Flordaglo, UFGold, and TropicBeauty). The cultivars were evaluated in three locations (north–central, central, and southwest Florida). Soluble solids content (SSC), titratable acidity (TA), SSC:TA ratio, fruit weight, blush, and fruit development period (FDP) were determined. Longer FDPs were observed at the north–central location than at the southwest location. Fruit development and the expression of quality attributes were affected by location during fruit growth with higher color and SSC and shorter FDP occurring under warmer conditions. Within locations, ‘UFGold’ had the shortest FDP except at the southwest location where its chilling requirement may not have been met. At the central and southwest locations, ‘UFGold’ also tended to have lower TA values and higher SSC;TA ratios than the other cultivars.

scholarly journals Fruit quality attributes of ten Colombian blackberry (Rubus glaucus Benth.) genotypes

2020 ◽  
Vol 38 (1) ◽  
pp. 9-18
Author(s):  
Erika Sánchez-Betancourt ◽  
María Cristina García-Muñoz ◽  
Jorge Argüelles-Cárdenas ◽  
Viviana Franco-Flórez ◽  
Víctor Núñez-Zarantes
Keyword(s):  
Quality Attributes ◽  
Fruit Weight ◽  
Maturity Index ◽  
Soluble Solids ◽  
Soluble Solids Content ◽  
Breeding Programs ◽  
Weight Percentage ◽  
Genetic Source ◽  
Solids Content ◽  
Juice Content

Colombia requires blackberry genotypes with remarkable traitsthat improve the competitiveness of this product in the country.The objective of this work was to evaluate the characteristicsof the quality attributes in fruits of ten Colombian blackberrygenotypes in order to assess their potential in the berry markets but also as a genetic source to be included in breeding programs. The weight of fruits, the equatorial and longitudinal diameters, volume, firmness, color, juice content, flesh content, seed/fruit weight percentage, soluble solids content, acidity, pH and maturity index were evaluated in fruits collected during three different harvest periods in the province of Cundinamarca. Thirty fruits for every genotype and period were harvested and analyzed. These 10 evaluated genotypes showed important differences that allowed separating them into five different groups; however, genotypes 8, 4 and 6 showed the best results regarding size, color, juice content, total soluble solids content, maturity index, firmness and low acidity. These features make them good candidates for incorporating them into breeding programs. Nonetheless, their soluble solids content was considerably lower than values reported for genotypes Prime Ark, Natchez, Ouachita, and Osage that are recognized for theseremarkable traits.

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