scholarly journals Factors Associated with Populations of Plant-Parasitic Nematodes in Bentgrass Putting Greens in Oklahoma

Plant Disease ◽  
2002 ◽  
Vol 86 (7) ◽  
pp. 764-768 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. R. Walker ◽  
C. L. Goad ◽  
H. Zhang ◽  
D. L. Martin
Keyword(s):  
Bulk Density ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Factor Model ◽  
Negative Relationship ◽  
Soil Bulk Density ◽  
Parasitic Nematodes ◽  
Available Phosphorus ◽  
Plant Parasitic Nematodes ◽  
Putting Greens ◽  
Plant Parasitic

Numerous genera of plant-parasitic nematodes are frequently present at high populations in golf course putting greens. The objectives of this research were to identify and quantify plant-parasitic nematodes from Oklahoma bentgrass putting greens and to characterize specific soil physical and chemical features and management factors that may account for differences in or associated with the observed nematode populations. In the fall of 2000, nematodes were identified from 99 individual bentgrass putting greens sampled from 46 different locations in Oklahoma. In addition to green age and bentgrass cultivar; soil pH, nitrate-nitrogen (NO3-N), plant-available phosphorus and potassium, organic matter (OM), bulk density, and particle size distribution were determined for each green. Expenditures on management activities, including fertilizer, herbicide, fungicide, and insecticide, were determined for 20 of the sampled courses and compared with nematode populations. Nematodes from seven genera were found in Oklahoma greens, with Criconemella spp. being the most common. Paratrichodorus spp., Tylenchorhynchus spp., and Helicotylenchus spp. also were common. The logarithmic populations of all nematodes combined increased with greater green age (r = 0.37). A negative relationship was observed between soil bulk density and all nematodes combined (r = -0.29). Soil NO3-N, plant-available K, and OM increased with combined logarithmic populations of all plant parasitic nematodes (r = 0.23, 0.28, and 0.37, respectively). A four-factor model accounted for 75% of the total variation in the data and permitted groupings of all variables into four uncorrelated factors. Total logarithmic nematode populations increased with fungicide and herbicide expenditures (r = 0.31). This study suggests that populations of plant-parasitic nematodes may be influenced by the putting green abiotic soil environment and possibly indirectly by management practices on putting greens.

scholarly journals Fluensulfone: A New “Tool in the Tool Box” to Manage Plant-parasitic Nematodes in Vegetable Production

EDIS ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Gilma X. Castillo ◽  
Monica Ozores-Hampton ◽  
Pablo A. Navia Gine
Keyword(s):  
Crop Production ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Parasitic Nematodes ◽  
Vegetable Production ◽  
Agricultural Systems ◽  
Plant Parasitic Nematodes ◽  
Nematode Management ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Plant Parasitic

Plant-parasitic nematodes pose a problem in agricultural systems by feeding on crops, therefore affecting their yield. Fluensulfone is a chemical that can be applied using various methods to manage the impact of plant-parasitic nematodes on crop production. This 6-page document discusses the characteristics and use of fluensulfone as a tool for nematode management practices. Written by Gilma X. Castillo, Monica Ozores-Hampton, and Pablo A. Navia Gine and published by the UF/IFAS Department of Horticultural Sciences, January 2018. http://edis.ifas.ufl.edu/hs1313

Diversity and population densities of plant-parasitic nematodes in commercial and smallholder pineapple production in Kenya

Nematology ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 1-14
Author(s):  
Agnes W. Kiriga ◽  
Danny Coyne ◽  
Janet G. Atandi ◽  
Nikolai V. Beek ◽  
Solveig Haukeland
Keyword(s):  
Management Practices ◽  
Crop Yields ◽  
Production Systems ◽  
Ananas Comosus ◽  
Parasitic Nematodes ◽  
Yield Reduction ◽  
Plant Parasitic Nematodes ◽  
Population Densities ◽  
High Level ◽  
Plant Parasitic

Summary Plant-parasitic nematodes (PPN) cause significant yield reduction in commercial pineapple (Ananas comosus) worldwide. In Kenya, few nematode studies have been conducted, although the main commercial pineapple producer has sole dispensation to use Telone II (1,3-Dichloropropene) indicating the magnitude of the nematode problem. This study was conducted with the aim to investigate the population densities and diversity of nematodes in two commercial plantations with two contrasting management practices. We additionally assessed the influence of crop age and compared this with nearby smallholder pineapple production systems. Soil and root samples were collected from fields of different ages in each commercial plantation and from 29 smallholder fields. A total of 18 genera were associated with pineapple, with a relatively greater diversity found in smallholder than commercial farms. The most prevalent genus was Meloidogyne spp. (M. javanica) followed by Helicotylenchus spp., Tylenchus spp. and Aphelenchoides spp. PPN densities were higher in relatively older fields of 24 and 36 months than from fallow and 3-month-old fields. Regression analysis additionally demonstrated the rise of PPN densities with age of pineapple fields, especially Meloidogyne spp., while free-living nematode densities declined. This study provides an indication of the high level of PPN infection in pineapple in Kenya, which would constitute an important factor contributing to low yields. The study confirms an obvious need for pineapple producers to control PPN to improve crop yields.

scholarly journals Incidence and Economic Importance of Plant-Parasitic Nematodes on Peanut in Texas

1987 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 94-96 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. A. Wheeler ◽  
J. L. Starr
Keyword(s):  
Yield Loss ◽  
Negative Relationship ◽  
Economic Importance ◽  
Crop Damage ◽  
Parasitic Nematodes ◽  
Plant Parasitic Nematodes ◽  
Root Knot Nematode ◽  
Growing Seasons ◽  
Significant Negative Relationship ◽  
Plant Parasitic

Abstract The distribution of plant-parasitic nematodes in five Texas peanut producing counties was determined during 1985 and 1986 growing seasons. Criconemella, the most frequently detected genus, was present in 83.4% of the samples; evidence of crop damage was not observed. Meloidogyne arenaria was detected in 15.5% of the samples. In microplot tests, there was a significant negative relationship between initial populations of M. arenaria and peanut yields; a linear model estimates a 10% yield loss with initial populations of 44–83 M. arenaria/500 cm3 soil. At least 10% of the survey samples were estimated to have root-knot nematode populations exceeding that necessary for a 10% yield loss. Other parasitic genera found in the survey were Pratylenchus (15.7% of the samples) and Belonolaimus (0.8% of the samples). While pod symptoms of Pratylenchus damage were observed, reliable yield loss estimates can not be made with existing data.

scholarly journals Prediction of Nematode Population Dynamics using Weather Variables in Leguminous Crops

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kamal Batra ◽  
Parul Gandhi
Keyword(s):  
Mung Bean ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Nematode Population ◽  
Parasitic Nematodes ◽  
Plant Parasitic Nematodes ◽  
Weather Variables ◽  
Sunshine Hours ◽  
Leguminous Crops ◽  
Host Tolerance ◽  
Plant Parasitic

Background: The soil nematodes can affect the crops in various ways. The plant-parasitic nematodes can lead to severe yield losses. The extent of crop yield loss depends on the susceptibility of the variety or host tolerance, population density of the nematode and various environmental variables. However, no tool is available for the prediction of nematode population buildup in soil therefore it has been difficult to issue advisories for timely management of these pathogens. Here we developed a method to accurately predict the nematode population buildup in soil for its timely management. Methods: Nematode population index of a plant-parasitic nematode Tylenchorynchus was taken from two crops i.e. mung bean and crotalaria. The model was developed considering various weather variables to predict the population of the Tylenchorynchus in the fields of mung bean and crotalaria. Weather parameters such as maximum and minimum temperature, relative humidity, wind speed and sunshine hours were considered for developing the model for Tylenchorynchus population prediction. Stepwise regression method was applied to predict the nematode population. Result: The regression analysis between estimated and observed values of Tylenchorynchus population gave the R2 value as 0.98 for mung bean and 0.87 for crotalaria. Well timed prediction can help the growers to apply the required management practices to make it beneficial economically. This method can be extended to predict the population buildup of other serious nematode pests of crops.

scholarly journals Plant Parasitic Nematodes: A Review on Their Behaviour, Host Interaction, Management Approaches and Their Occurrence in Two Sites in the Republic of Ireland

Plants ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (11) ◽  
pp. 2352
Author(s):  
Anusha Pulavarty ◽  
Aoife Egan ◽  
Anna Karpinska ◽  
Karina Horgan ◽  
Thomais Kakouli-Duarte
Keyword(s):  
Management Practices ◽  
Growth Promotion ◽  
Parasitic Nematodes ◽  
Plant Parasitic Nematodes ◽  
Republic Of Ireland ◽  
Host Interaction ◽  
Environmentally Safe ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Management Approaches ◽  
Plant Parasitic

Plant parasitic nematodes are a major problem for growers worldwide, causing severe crop losses. Several conventional strategies, such as chemical nematicides and biofumigation, have been employed in the past to manage their infection in plants and spread in soils. However, the search for the most sustainable and environmentally safe practices is still ongoing. This review summarises information on plant parasitic nematodes, their distribution, and their interaction with their host plants, along with various approaches to manage their infestations. It also focuses on the application of microbial and fermentation-based bionematicides that have not only been successful in controlling nematode infection but have also led to plant growth promotion and proven to be environmentally safe. Studies with new information on the relative abundance of plant parasitic nematodes in two agricultural sites in the Republic of Ireland are also reported. This review, with the information it provides, will help to generate an up-to-date knowledge base on plant parasitic nematodes and their management practices.

scholarly journals First Report of Plant-Parasitic Nematodes on Seashore Paspalum (Paspalum vaginatum) in Barbados

Plant Disease ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 98 (7) ◽  
pp. 1018-1018
Author(s):  
P. C. McGroary ◽  
J. L. Cisar ◽  
R. M. Giblin-Davis ◽  
O. F. Ruiz ◽  
E. J. Nangle
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
The United States ◽  
Parasitic Nematodes ◽  
Golf Courses ◽  
Plant Parasitic Nematodes ◽  
Putting Greens ◽  
Seashore Paspalum ◽  
First Report ◽  
Paspalum Vaginatum ◽  
Plant Parasitic

Seashore paspalum (Paspalum vaginatum Swartz) is a warm-season perennial turfgrass commonly used for golf courses that are grown in saline environments or using saline water for irrigation. However, seashore paspalum is also grown in non-saline conditions due to its low fertilizer and water requirements (2). In Barbados, on a newly constructed golf course, seashore paspalum ‘Sea Isle Supreme’ sprigs were imported from Georgia (United States) and were planted over 2006 and 2007 on greens, tees, fairways, and rough. Golf greens were constructed following the United States Golf Association Green Section (Far Hills, NJ) putting green guidelines. Tees and fairways were constructed using native soil. Two years after the grow-in, the putting greens began to exhibit irregular chlorotic patches, followed by gradual thinning and decline of turfgrass stand density in those areas. Additionally, turfgrass roots sampled from those symptomatic patches appeared to be abbreviated compared to non-symptomatic areas of the greens. A survey was conducted in May 2013 to determine if plant-parasitic nematodes were present coinciding with the observed symptoms, which were similar to those described in a previous report (3). Consequently, two samples were collected from each green with a total of four greens sampled. Each sample consisted of 20 soil cores (15 cm depth × 1.2 cm in diameter) from either areas of the greens showing symptoms or from non-symptomatic areas. Nematodes were extracted from 100 cm3 soil samples using a modified centrifugal-sugar flotation technique (4). No plant parasitic nematodes were present in any of the samples from the non-symptomatic areas. Three genera of plant parasitic nematodes were found in all the samples from the symptomatic areas: Helicotylenchus. Mesocriconema, and Pratylenchus. Nematode populations of these genera averaged 30, 60, and 200 nematodes per 100 cm3, respectively. Populations of the genera Helicotylenchus and Mesocriconema were below the action threshold levels for seashore paspalum used by the University of Florida Nematode Assay Laboratory (1). Currently, no threshold exists for Pratylenchus for seashore paspalum. Conversely, the genera Helicotylenchus. Mesocriconema, and Pratylenchus were found associated with the irregular chlorotic patches but not with the non-symptomatic areas. To our knowledge, this is the first report of plant parasitic nematodes associated with seashore paspalum maintained as putting greens in Barbados. References: (1) W. T. Crow. Nematode management for golf courses in Florida. EDIS. Accessed 31 July 2013 from: http://edis.ifas.ufl.edu/in124 , 2001. (2) R. R. Duncan and R. N. Carrow. Seashore Paspalum: The Environmental Turfgrass. John Wiley & Sons, Inc., Hoboken, New Jersey, 2000. (3) A. C. Hixson and W. T. Crow. Plant Dis. 88:680, 2004. (4) W. R. Jenkins. Plant Dis. Rep. 48:692, 1964.

Management of Plant-Parasitic Nematodes in Florida Cotton Production

EDIS ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 (2) ◽  
pp. 8
Author(s):  
Zane Grabau
Keyword(s):  
Parasitic Nematodes ◽  
Cotton Production ◽  
Plant Parasitic Nematodes ◽  
Fact Sheet ◽  
Plant Parasitic

This 8-page fact sheet written by Zane J. Grabau and published in January 2017 by the UF Department of Entomology and Nematology explains how to diagnose and manage nematode problems in cotton production.­http://edis.ifas.ufl.edu/ng015

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document